(detailed questions and answers)(latest
2024/2025 update)
What type of prevention is screening or exams? - Correct Answers-Secondary Prevention
Tertiary Prevention - Correct Answers-What type of prevention is a cardiac or stroke
rehabilitation program?
What prevention attempts to minimize negative effects, prevents further disease or disorder
related to complications, prevent relapse, and restore the highest physical or psychological
functioning possible? - Correct Answers-Tertiary Prevention
What prevention emphasizes on early disease detection by screening? - Correct Answers-
Secondary Prevention
Primary Prevention - Correct Answers-What prevention refers to preventing disease before it
occurs?
Secondary Prevention - Correct Answers-Which type of prevention are these examples of:
-The APN screens all pregnant patients for Hepatitis B, and Group Beta Strep.
-An APN school nurse examines all students for lice at the beginning of the school year.
-Each year the school nurse administers a visual test to all students who do not wear glasses or
contacts.
-The APN supervised patients with smallpox who are quarantined.
-Before immigrants are allowed to immigrate to the US, the public health nurse ensures that
individuals have a chest x-ray.
Tertiary Prevention - Correct Answers-Which type of prevention are these examples of:
-Mrs. A. goes directly to rehabilitation following a total hip replacement.
-Mr. B. adopts a Health Heart diet to control his high cholesterol.
-14 year old Lindsey Hemoglobin AC1 is within normal limits and is able to decrease her insulin.
-Mrs. Brown, who has been diagnosed with osteoarthritis, is able to maintain normal activity
without pain if she is compliant with her treatment plan.
-Many trauma patients can resume normal activities after rehabilitation.
Primary Prevention - Correct Answers-What type of prevention are these examples of:
, -The APN teaching students who are not pregnant about birth control and natural family
planning methods.
-The APN plans and participates in an immunization clinic for a school population that is lacking
many of the mandated state immunizations.
-Smoking is prohibited on air planes and most public facilities.
-The APN supports legislation that is passed which ensures that working mothers have release
time to breastfeed and/or pump.
-The APN is active in his/her professional organization to lobby that pesticides are banned from
commercial use for food production.
How does a provider determine the usefulness, appropriateness, of a screening test? - Correct
Answers-The target population needs to be identifiable and accessible and the disease should
affect a sufficient number of people. The screening test should be sensitive enough to detect
most cases and be specific enough to limit the number of false positives. Screening test should
be relatively inexpensive, easy to administer, and have minimal side effects. The validity of the
screening test is the ability to accurately identify those that have the disease.
Where would a NP look to find a screening test? - Correct Answers-US Preventive Services Task,
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
What determines if a screening test should be used? - Correct Answers-Determining if a
screening test should be used can be evaluated by the success of a screening tool. Does the
screening tool do what it was intended to do and reduce the overall mortality, decrease case
fatality, increase early detection, reduce complications or increase quality of life?
Can you explain what "descriptive epidemiology" means? What is the purpose? How is it used?
- Correct Answers-Concerned with characterizing the amount and distribution of health and
disease within a population. Through the process of looking at rates, incidence, prevalence,
mortality, survival, and prognosis we have and understanding of a disease and knowledge of
how populations differ. Also, what interventions would be best for who.
How are causation and descriptive epidemiology related, how do they work together to aid
evidence-based care? - Correct Answers-Descriptive epidemiology is the first step in any
epidemiology investigation or in analyzing any health problem from a research perspective.
Causation is found through further research study to determine the best interventions in
patient care and overall population health. They both work together to aid evidence-based care
by describing patterns of disease in populations and identifying potential risk factors.
What does "causation" mean? - Correct Answers-The relationship between cause and effect