BIO PAPER 2
BIO5
Homeostasis= maintenance of a constant internal environment
- Blood glucose concentration
HIGH
- Levels rise after eating, which is recognised by the pancreas
- Pancreas produces insulin
- Insulin causes cells to remove glucose from blood
- Liver and muscle cells convert glucose into glycogen, which is stored in liver
- Blood glucose levels fall
LOW
- Pancreas produces glucagon
- Glycogen in liver is broken down into glucose and returns to the blood
- Levels rise
- Water levels
- Temperature
Brain= control centre ---> CNS= sending signals to body (brain and spinal cord)
Pancreas= produces insulin
Effectors/ muscles= moving e.g. shivering
Glands= hormones
Reflex= unconscious (does not involve brain)
Nerve cells are long so it can send a fast electrical signal ---> signal slows when crossing
synapse.
- Slow chemical signal
Pituitary gland= in head ---> FSH and LH
Thyroid= in neck ---> regulates metabolism
Adrenal glands= in kidney ---> flight or fight response
Pancreas= behind stomach ---> insulin to regulate blood glucose levels
Testes= testosterone ---> growing hormone in men
Ovaries= Oestrogen ---> maturation of eggs
Type 1 diabetes
- When pancreas doesn’t produces right amount of insulin
- Weight loss, increased need to wee, thirst, blurry vision, sleepy, hunger
- Insulin injections
Type 2 diabetes
- Cells become insensitive to insulin
- Weight loss, increased need to wee, thirst, blurry vision, sleepy, hunger
- Controlling diet
- Exercise
FSH= makes egg grow to be released from ovaries
LH= releases egg
Oestrogen= increases till it stimulates LH
Progesterone= increases slowing and builds up uterus lining
BIO5
Homeostasis= maintenance of a constant internal environment
- Blood glucose concentration
HIGH
- Levels rise after eating, which is recognised by the pancreas
- Pancreas produces insulin
- Insulin causes cells to remove glucose from blood
- Liver and muscle cells convert glucose into glycogen, which is stored in liver
- Blood glucose levels fall
LOW
- Pancreas produces glucagon
- Glycogen in liver is broken down into glucose and returns to the blood
- Levels rise
- Water levels
- Temperature
Brain= control centre ---> CNS= sending signals to body (brain and spinal cord)
Pancreas= produces insulin
Effectors/ muscles= moving e.g. shivering
Glands= hormones
Reflex= unconscious (does not involve brain)
Nerve cells are long so it can send a fast electrical signal ---> signal slows when crossing
synapse.
- Slow chemical signal
Pituitary gland= in head ---> FSH and LH
Thyroid= in neck ---> regulates metabolism
Adrenal glands= in kidney ---> flight or fight response
Pancreas= behind stomach ---> insulin to regulate blood glucose levels
Testes= testosterone ---> growing hormone in men
Ovaries= Oestrogen ---> maturation of eggs
Type 1 diabetes
- When pancreas doesn’t produces right amount of insulin
- Weight loss, increased need to wee, thirst, blurry vision, sleepy, hunger
- Insulin injections
Type 2 diabetes
- Cells become insensitive to insulin
- Weight loss, increased need to wee, thirst, blurry vision, sleepy, hunger
- Controlling diet
- Exercise
FSH= makes egg grow to be released from ovaries
LH= releases egg
Oestrogen= increases till it stimulates LH
Progesterone= increases slowing and builds up uterus lining
