CIPP/E EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Passage - ANS 1948
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 12 - ANS The right to a private life and
associated freedoms.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 19 - ANS Freedom of expression.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 29(2) - ANS Rights are not absolute and there
are instances where a balance must be struck.
European Convention on Human Rights - ANS Treaty drawn up by the Council of Europe that
protects fundamental rights. Adopted in 1953 and based on the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights.
European Convention on Human Rights - Enforcement - ANS Enforced by the European Court
of Human Rights
European Convention on Human Rights - Article 8 - ANS Protects rights of individuals
European Convention on Human Rights - Article 10 - ANS Protects the right of freedom of
expression and the right to share information and ideas across national boundaries.
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, OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data (1980) -
ANS Guidelines comprised basic non-legally binding rules governing transferred flows and
the protection of personal information and privacy in order to facilitate the harmonization of
data protection law between countries.
Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic
Processing of Personal Data - ANS Also known as Convention 108. Was the first legally
binding international instrument in the area of data protection. Convention 108 sets the
standard for the protection of the personal data of individuals while also seeking to find a
balance for the need to maintain the free flow of personal data for the purposes of
international trade.
Convention 108 v. OECD Guidelines - ANS Convention 108 differs from the Guidelines in that
it required signatories to take the necessary steps in their domestic legislation to apply the
principles it lays down.
Treaty of Lisbon - ANS In force in 2009. Aims to strengthen and improve the core structures
of the EU to enable it to function more efficiently and ensures that all institutions of the EU
must have regard to the protection of individuals when processing personal data.
European Parliament - ANS The only European institution whose members are directly
elected. It has four responsibilities:
1. Legislative development;
2. Supervisory oversight of the other institutions;
3. democratic representation; and
4. Development of the budget.
European Council - ANS The heads of the Member States, together with the president of the
European Commission, meet four times a year to define EU's priorities and set political
direction for the EU.
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ANSWERS
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Passage - ANS 1948
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 12 - ANS The right to a private life and
associated freedoms.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 19 - ANS Freedom of expression.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 29(2) - ANS Rights are not absolute and there
are instances where a balance must be struck.
European Convention on Human Rights - ANS Treaty drawn up by the Council of Europe that
protects fundamental rights. Adopted in 1953 and based on the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights.
European Convention on Human Rights - Enforcement - ANS Enforced by the European Court
of Human Rights
European Convention on Human Rights - Article 8 - ANS Protects rights of individuals
European Convention on Human Rights - Article 10 - ANS Protects the right of freedom of
expression and the right to share information and ideas across national boundaries.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data (1980) -
ANS Guidelines comprised basic non-legally binding rules governing transferred flows and
the protection of personal information and privacy in order to facilitate the harmonization of
data protection law between countries.
Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic
Processing of Personal Data - ANS Also known as Convention 108. Was the first legally
binding international instrument in the area of data protection. Convention 108 sets the
standard for the protection of the personal data of individuals while also seeking to find a
balance for the need to maintain the free flow of personal data for the purposes of
international trade.
Convention 108 v. OECD Guidelines - ANS Convention 108 differs from the Guidelines in that
it required signatories to take the necessary steps in their domestic legislation to apply the
principles it lays down.
Treaty of Lisbon - ANS In force in 2009. Aims to strengthen and improve the core structures
of the EU to enable it to function more efficiently and ensures that all institutions of the EU
must have regard to the protection of individuals when processing personal data.
European Parliament - ANS The only European institution whose members are directly
elected. It has four responsibilities:
1. Legislative development;
2. Supervisory oversight of the other institutions;
3. democratic representation; and
4. Development of the budget.
European Council - ANS The heads of the Member States, together with the president of the
European Commission, meet four times a year to define EU's priorities and set political
direction for the EU.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
