QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS| GRADED A+ |2025 LATEST
VERSION | 100% VERIFIED
PaO2 - (answer)partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood, obtained using an ABG
80-100mmHG
PaO2 60=SpO2 90%
SpO2 - (answer)saturation of peripheral oxygen, obtained using pulse ox
90-100%
SpO2 90%=PaO2 60
PaCO2 - (answer)35-45
respiratory acidosis - (answer)low pH, high CO2
causes: CNS depression from drugs such as sedation, injury, or disease
,breathe too slow, retaining CO2
respiratory alkalosis - (answer)high pH, low CO2
causes: pain, fever, sepsis
breathe too fast, not retaining enough CO2
HCO3 - (answer)22-26
metabolic acidosis - (answer)low pH, low HCO3
causes: diarrhea, DKA, hyperkalemia
metabolic alkalosis - (answer)high pH, high HCO3
causes: vomiting, suctioning, hypokalemia
pH - (answer)7.35-7.45
reading ABGs - (answer)1. evaluate pH to identify acidosis or alkalosis
2. match CO2 or HCO3 with pH state using ROME to determine respiratory or metabolic
,3. assess whether CO2 or HCO3 state is opposite of pH to determine if it is uncompensated,
partially compensated, fully compensated, or corrected
non-invasive ventilation - (answer)CPAP/BiPAP
CPAP - (answer)continuous positive airway pressure; provides inspiratory pressure
BiPAP - (answer)bilevel positive airway pressure; provides inspiratory and expiratory pressure
intubation - (answer)insertion of ETT into trachea
RSI - (answer)administration of induction agent and neuromuscular blockade agent
simultaneously
intubation kit medications - (answer)premeds - versed and fentanyl
sedatives - propofol, etomidate, ketamine
paralytics - succinylcholine, rocuronium
pressor - phenylephrine
intubation preparation - (answer)-notify RT and pharmacist
, -discuss need for intubation and obtain consent, ensure pt does not have DNI order.
-evaluate whether pt has difficult airway
-verify equipment and PPE
-assure functioning IV access
-position pt
-ensure verbalization of procedural pause
-preoxygenate
RN role during intubation - (answer)monitor pt vital signs especially O2 sats, administer
medications, monitor time of intubation attempts, suctioning as needed
intubation process - (answer)-following sedation, bag mask ventilate the pt
-physician visualize ETT passing through cords
-anesthesia backup will be notified after 10 minutes or 2 attempts to secure the airway
post intubation care - (answer)-portable chest x-ray, ABGs
-obtain sedation and analgesia orders
-hourly RASS observation
-monitor for hemodynamic changes
ventilator settings - (answer)FiO2
Tidal Volume
Respiratory Rate