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Samenvatting VMV 2: thema 18 - bloedgasanalyse

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Deze tekst is een samenvatting van het vak Verpleegkundige Methodiek en Vaardigheden 2 (VMV 2). In dit document wordt thema 18 deel 1 - bloedgasanalyse overzichtelijk samengevat

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Thema 18 –
bloedanalyse
Erytrocyten
- Zeer flexibel, zonder kern
- Biconcave vorm
- Bloedgroepantigenen
- Man: 4,2 tot 5,7 x 106/mm³
- Vrouw: 3,9 tot 5,0 x 106/mm³
- Hemoglobine
Leukocyten
- 3600 – 9600/mm³
- Granulocyten:
o Eosinofiele
 Eosinofilie  parasitaire infecties, allergie
o Basofiele
o Neutrofiele
 Neutrofilie  bacteriële infecties
 Neutropenie  chemotherapie, sepsis, leukemie
(<1500/mm³)
 Agranulocytose  medische urgentie door sterke
delingen neutrofielen (<500/mm³), meestal
medicatie geïnduceerd (bv. cytostatica)
 Koorts, keelpijn, angina, aften, veralgemeende
infecties, sepsis
- Monocyten
o Monocytose  chronische infecties( bv. TBC, Crohn, malaria)
- Lymfocyten
o Lymfocytose  virale infecties (bv. EMV, CMV)
o Lymfopenie  virale infecties (bv influenza), HIV/AIDS
o T-lymfocyten
o B-lymfocyten
Trombocyten
- 158000 – 450000/mm³
- Hemostase
o Primaire hemostase of trombocytenaggregatie
o Secundaire hemostase of coagulatie
o Fibrinolyse of trombolyse
Stollingstijden
- Protrombinetijd (PT) uitgedrukt in INR (PT-INR)
- Geactiveerde partiële tromboplastinetijd (APTT)
Stollingsstoornissen
- Trombocytopenie: te weinig trombocyten
o Oorzaak
 Stamcelafwijkingen
 Beenmerginfiltratie
 Medicatie, straling, cytostatica
o Verhoogd verbruik
 Versterkt verbruik door vb. bloeding, diffuse intravasale stolling
 Versterkte afbraak door bv. auto-antilichamen (idiopathische trombocytopenische
purpura of immuun trombocytopenie), hypersplenisme.
o Hemofilie A en B
o Ziekte van von Willebrand

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