Bio 201 Exam 2 (chapter 4) UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
The four basic tissue types - CORRECT ANSWER - epithelial, connective, muscle,
nervous
Distinguishing characteristics of epithelial tissues - CORRECT ANSWER - • very little
extracellular material between cells
• free surface- layer of cells not in contact with other cells
• basement membrane- attaches the epithelial cells to underlying tissues
• avascular- capillaries do not extend from the underlying tissues, so gases, nutrients, and wastes
must diffuse across the basement membrane
How epithelial tissues are classified and named - CORRECT ANSWER - • simple
epithelial- 1 layer of cells
• stratified epithelial- >1 layer of cells
Shape:
• squamous (flat and scale like)
• cuboidal (cube shaped)
• columnar (tall and thin)
Transitional characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - •stratified cells appear cuboidal
when not stretched and squamous when stretched
•lining of bladder, ureters, superior urethra
•deals with changing volume of fluid in an organ, protects from urine contact
Pseudostratified characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - •single layer of cells, some tall
and thin, others not, nuclei at different levels, appear stratified, almost always ciliated
, •lining of nasal cavity, nasal sinuses, auditory tubes, pharynx, trachea, bronchi
•synthesis/secretion/movement of mucus
Glands - if branched or unbranched (simple/compound) and their shape (tubular/acinar) -
CORRECT ANSWER - •simple- ducts without branches
•compound- ducts with branches
•tubular- tubes
•acinus/aveolus- saclike
Endocrine gland - glands without ducts that secrete into blood - CORRECT ANSWER -
•hormones are secreted into blood
Exocrine gland - glands with ducts; secretions pass through ducts onto a surface or into an organ
- CORRECT ANSWER - •simple - ducts without branches
•compound - ducts with branches
•tubular - tubes
•acinus/aveolus - saclike
*meocrine: fluid is released (most glands are in this group)
•serous cells = produce a watery secretion with enzymes
•mucous cells = produce thicker secretions
*apocrine: small portions of the cell break off and are released
•mammary glands, ceruminous (ear wax), and some sweat glands
*holocrine: entire cells are released
•sebaceous glands: oil in the skin
Connective tissue characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - •the most abundant and widely
distributed tissue in the body
•multiple types, appearances and functions
•relatively few cells in extracellular matrix
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
The four basic tissue types - CORRECT ANSWER - epithelial, connective, muscle,
nervous
Distinguishing characteristics of epithelial tissues - CORRECT ANSWER - • very little
extracellular material between cells
• free surface- layer of cells not in contact with other cells
• basement membrane- attaches the epithelial cells to underlying tissues
• avascular- capillaries do not extend from the underlying tissues, so gases, nutrients, and wastes
must diffuse across the basement membrane
How epithelial tissues are classified and named - CORRECT ANSWER - • simple
epithelial- 1 layer of cells
• stratified epithelial- >1 layer of cells
Shape:
• squamous (flat and scale like)
• cuboidal (cube shaped)
• columnar (tall and thin)
Transitional characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - •stratified cells appear cuboidal
when not stretched and squamous when stretched
•lining of bladder, ureters, superior urethra
•deals with changing volume of fluid in an organ, protects from urine contact
Pseudostratified characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - •single layer of cells, some tall
and thin, others not, nuclei at different levels, appear stratified, almost always ciliated
, •lining of nasal cavity, nasal sinuses, auditory tubes, pharynx, trachea, bronchi
•synthesis/secretion/movement of mucus
Glands - if branched or unbranched (simple/compound) and their shape (tubular/acinar) -
CORRECT ANSWER - •simple- ducts without branches
•compound- ducts with branches
•tubular- tubes
•acinus/aveolus- saclike
Endocrine gland - glands without ducts that secrete into blood - CORRECT ANSWER -
•hormones are secreted into blood
Exocrine gland - glands with ducts; secretions pass through ducts onto a surface or into an organ
- CORRECT ANSWER - •simple - ducts without branches
•compound - ducts with branches
•tubular - tubes
•acinus/aveolus - saclike
*meocrine: fluid is released (most glands are in this group)
•serous cells = produce a watery secretion with enzymes
•mucous cells = produce thicker secretions
*apocrine: small portions of the cell break off and are released
•mammary glands, ceruminous (ear wax), and some sweat glands
*holocrine: entire cells are released
•sebaceous glands: oil in the skin
Connective tissue characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - •the most abundant and widely
distributed tissue in the body
•multiple types, appearances and functions
•relatively few cells in extracellular matrix
