BIO201 - Exam 3 UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which of these pathways or processes produce ATP using substrate-level phosphorylation? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Both glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle
Aerobic metabolism produces approximately ________ x as much ATP as anaerobic metabolism
per molecule of glucose consumed. - CORRECT ANSWER - 15x
The reaction shown below is a/an ______________ reaction.
NADH → NAD+ + H+ + 2e- - CORRECT ANSWER - Oxidation
Which of the following components of the electron transport system does NOT transport protons
across the inner mitochondrial membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER - Complex II
Which of the following processes/pathways CANNOT occur in the absence of O2? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Oxidative phosphorylation
What product(s) is/are common to two of the reactions of the Citric Acid Cycle and the Pyruvate
Dehydrogenase (the PDH) reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER - Both CO2 and NADH
Conversion of a 6-carbon compound to two 3-carbon compounds characterizes which of the
following pathways? - CORRECT ANSWER - Glycolysis
Conversion of a 3-carbon compound to a 2-carbon compound happens during: - CORRECT
ANSWER - Pyruvate Oxidation in the PDH
During the reactions of ________ glucose is _______ to CO2. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Catabolism; oxidized
,What metabolic pathway has reactants and products shown here? (Note that numbers of each
compound are not included)
CO2 + H2O → G3P + O2 - CORRECT ANSWER - The combined reactions of
photosynthesis
Centromere - CORRECT ANSWER - The region of the chromosomes where the two
copies are held together after DNA replication. This may be near the center of the chromosome.
Centrosome - CORRECT ANSWER - The "central body" responsible for maintaining and
organizing the microtubules of the mitotic spindle; replicates during S-phase, so each daughter
cell inherits one.
Chromatid - CORRECT ANSWER - One of two identical copies of a chromosome after
duplication.
Centriole - CORRECT ANSWER - The microtubule-based triplet structure within the
"central body" that nucleates formation of new microtubules.
Kinetochore - CORRECT ANSWER - A specialized complex of proteins that coalesces at
the beginning of mitosis that helps to anchor the microtubules, hold the duplicated chromosomes
together, and transmit the signal at the spindle assembly checkpoint.
Chromatin - CORRECT ANSWER - Condensed chromosomal DNA as it is observed in
cells
Cohesin - CORRECT ANSWER - Protein that specifically serves to hold the duplicated
chromosomes together. Is degraded at the spindle assembly checkpoint.
The chromosome shown in this electron micrograph is: - CORRECT ANSWER - Two
identical copies of double-stranded DNA
, What is Maturation promoting factor (MPF)'s activity? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Phosphorylation of proteins
Which of these proteins is responsible for preventing cell cycle progression if DNA damage is
detected? - CORRECT ANSWER - p53
The activity of which of the following results in transcription (leading ultimately to translation)
of genes required for DNA replication? - CORRECT ANSWER - Ras
What do maturation promoting factor (MPF) and second messengers in signal transduction have
in common? - CORRECT ANSWER - The both appear in the cell in response to a signal.
In what phase of the cell cycle are frog primary oocytes arrested, requiring progesterone to
advance through the next phase of the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - G2
Which of the following is a cell cycle checkpoint "gatekeeper" (i.e. prevents cell cycle
progression until all internal and external criteria are met) at the G1/S checkpoint? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Rb
What is produced in frog primary oocytes in response to progesterone that results in MPF
activity? - CORRECT ANSWER - Cyclin B
During what phase of the cell cycle could you observe the condensed, duplicated chromosome
below? - CORRECT ANSWER -M
Which of the following does NOT specifically require microtubules? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Animal Cell Cytokinesis
Imagine that you discover a novel mutation in a G1/S cyclin that is found in some of your
patients with esophogeal cancer. Which of the following cyclin mutations would be expected to
lead to uncontrolled cell cycle progression? - CORRECT ANSWER - One that makes it
resistant to proteases
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which of these pathways or processes produce ATP using substrate-level phosphorylation? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Both glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle
Aerobic metabolism produces approximately ________ x as much ATP as anaerobic metabolism
per molecule of glucose consumed. - CORRECT ANSWER - 15x
The reaction shown below is a/an ______________ reaction.
NADH → NAD+ + H+ + 2e- - CORRECT ANSWER - Oxidation
Which of the following components of the electron transport system does NOT transport protons
across the inner mitochondrial membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER - Complex II
Which of the following processes/pathways CANNOT occur in the absence of O2? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Oxidative phosphorylation
What product(s) is/are common to two of the reactions of the Citric Acid Cycle and the Pyruvate
Dehydrogenase (the PDH) reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER - Both CO2 and NADH
Conversion of a 6-carbon compound to two 3-carbon compounds characterizes which of the
following pathways? - CORRECT ANSWER - Glycolysis
Conversion of a 3-carbon compound to a 2-carbon compound happens during: - CORRECT
ANSWER - Pyruvate Oxidation in the PDH
During the reactions of ________ glucose is _______ to CO2. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Catabolism; oxidized
,What metabolic pathway has reactants and products shown here? (Note that numbers of each
compound are not included)
CO2 + H2O → G3P + O2 - CORRECT ANSWER - The combined reactions of
photosynthesis
Centromere - CORRECT ANSWER - The region of the chromosomes where the two
copies are held together after DNA replication. This may be near the center of the chromosome.
Centrosome - CORRECT ANSWER - The "central body" responsible for maintaining and
organizing the microtubules of the mitotic spindle; replicates during S-phase, so each daughter
cell inherits one.
Chromatid - CORRECT ANSWER - One of two identical copies of a chromosome after
duplication.
Centriole - CORRECT ANSWER - The microtubule-based triplet structure within the
"central body" that nucleates formation of new microtubules.
Kinetochore - CORRECT ANSWER - A specialized complex of proteins that coalesces at
the beginning of mitosis that helps to anchor the microtubules, hold the duplicated chromosomes
together, and transmit the signal at the spindle assembly checkpoint.
Chromatin - CORRECT ANSWER - Condensed chromosomal DNA as it is observed in
cells
Cohesin - CORRECT ANSWER - Protein that specifically serves to hold the duplicated
chromosomes together. Is degraded at the spindle assembly checkpoint.
The chromosome shown in this electron micrograph is: - CORRECT ANSWER - Two
identical copies of double-stranded DNA
, What is Maturation promoting factor (MPF)'s activity? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Phosphorylation of proteins
Which of these proteins is responsible for preventing cell cycle progression if DNA damage is
detected? - CORRECT ANSWER - p53
The activity of which of the following results in transcription (leading ultimately to translation)
of genes required for DNA replication? - CORRECT ANSWER - Ras
What do maturation promoting factor (MPF) and second messengers in signal transduction have
in common? - CORRECT ANSWER - The both appear in the cell in response to a signal.
In what phase of the cell cycle are frog primary oocytes arrested, requiring progesterone to
advance through the next phase of the cell cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER - G2
Which of the following is a cell cycle checkpoint "gatekeeper" (i.e. prevents cell cycle
progression until all internal and external criteria are met) at the G1/S checkpoint? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Rb
What is produced in frog primary oocytes in response to progesterone that results in MPF
activity? - CORRECT ANSWER - Cyclin B
During what phase of the cell cycle could you observe the condensed, duplicated chromosome
below? - CORRECT ANSWER -M
Which of the following does NOT specifically require microtubules? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Animal Cell Cytokinesis
Imagine that you discover a novel mutation in a G1/S cyclin that is found in some of your
patients with esophogeal cancer. Which of the following cyclin mutations would be expected to
lead to uncontrolled cell cycle progression? - CORRECT ANSWER - One that makes it
resistant to proteases
