BIO 201 Lecture Exam 1 UPDATED Exam
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
How are anatomy and physiology related? - CORRECT ANSWER - Anatomy is the study
of the internal and external parts of the body.
Physiology is how living organisms perform their vital functions.
List and describe the specialties of anatomy. - CORRECT ANSWER - Gross
anatomy/macroscopic anatomy examines large, visible structures:
-surface anatomy: exterior feat.
-regional anatomy: body areas
Systematic anatomy: groups of organs working together (skeletal system)
-Developmental anatomy:from egg to maturity
-clinical anatomy: medical specialties(surgical anatomy)
Microscopic anatomy examines cells and molecules:
-cytology: cells and their structures
-histology: tissues and their structures
List and describe the specialties of physiology - CORRECT ANSWER - -Cell physiology:
processes within and between cells
-Organ physiology: functions of specific
-Systemic physiology: functions of an organ system
-Pathological physiology: effects of diseases
Name the levels of structural organization that make up the human body and explain how they're
related. - CORRECT ANSWER - Chemical-cellular-tissue-organ-system-organism.
,Define metabolism. - CORRECT ANSWER - the chemical reactions occurring in the cells
and tissues of the body
Compare and contrast catabolism with anabolism. Use examples to help understand the
differences. - CORRECT ANSWER - Catabolism: tearing down; decomposition of
complex molecules within the body's cells or tissues(breaking down glucose)
Anabolism: building up; synthesis of new molecules within the body's cells or tissues
Define homeostasis and explain its importance - CORRECT ANSWER - is the property of
a system in which variables are regulated so that internal conditions remain stable and relatively
constant.
Compare and contrast intrinsic and extrinsic regulation. Use examples to help understand the
difference - CORRECT ANSWER - Intrinsic regulation: autoregulation
-levels decrease at a tissue
Extrinsic regulation: more distant regulation
-during exercise
List and describe the three control systems involved in maintaining homeostasis - CORRECT
ANSWER - Receptor (sensor)
-respond to changes in the environment
-sends info to control center
Control Center (intergrator)
-determines set point
-analyzes info
-determines appropriate response
Effector
-provides a means for response to the stimulus
, Compare and contrast negative and positive feedback. Use examples to help explain each. -
CORRECT ANSWER - Negative feedback:
-includes homeostatic control mechanisms
-shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its intensity once balance in the body is reached
Positive feedback:
-increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther
-in the body this only occurs in blood clotting and birth of a baby
Describe a person in anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWER - hands at sides
palms facing forward
feet together
on back
Define Anterior - CORRECT ANSWER - the front side
Define posterior - CORRECT ANSWER - the back side
Define lateral - CORRECT ANSWER - farther away from body
Define medial - CORRECT ANSWER - close to body
Define proximal - CORRECT ANSWER - closer to body-in terms of arm would be
shoulder
Define distal - CORRECT ANSWER - farther from body-in terms of arm would be fingers
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
How are anatomy and physiology related? - CORRECT ANSWER - Anatomy is the study
of the internal and external parts of the body.
Physiology is how living organisms perform their vital functions.
List and describe the specialties of anatomy. - CORRECT ANSWER - Gross
anatomy/macroscopic anatomy examines large, visible structures:
-surface anatomy: exterior feat.
-regional anatomy: body areas
Systematic anatomy: groups of organs working together (skeletal system)
-Developmental anatomy:from egg to maturity
-clinical anatomy: medical specialties(surgical anatomy)
Microscopic anatomy examines cells and molecules:
-cytology: cells and their structures
-histology: tissues and their structures
List and describe the specialties of physiology - CORRECT ANSWER - -Cell physiology:
processes within and between cells
-Organ physiology: functions of specific
-Systemic physiology: functions of an organ system
-Pathological physiology: effects of diseases
Name the levels of structural organization that make up the human body and explain how they're
related. - CORRECT ANSWER - Chemical-cellular-tissue-organ-system-organism.
,Define metabolism. - CORRECT ANSWER - the chemical reactions occurring in the cells
and tissues of the body
Compare and contrast catabolism with anabolism. Use examples to help understand the
differences. - CORRECT ANSWER - Catabolism: tearing down; decomposition of
complex molecules within the body's cells or tissues(breaking down glucose)
Anabolism: building up; synthesis of new molecules within the body's cells or tissues
Define homeostasis and explain its importance - CORRECT ANSWER - is the property of
a system in which variables are regulated so that internal conditions remain stable and relatively
constant.
Compare and contrast intrinsic and extrinsic regulation. Use examples to help understand the
difference - CORRECT ANSWER - Intrinsic regulation: autoregulation
-levels decrease at a tissue
Extrinsic regulation: more distant regulation
-during exercise
List and describe the three control systems involved in maintaining homeostasis - CORRECT
ANSWER - Receptor (sensor)
-respond to changes in the environment
-sends info to control center
Control Center (intergrator)
-determines set point
-analyzes info
-determines appropriate response
Effector
-provides a means for response to the stimulus
, Compare and contrast negative and positive feedback. Use examples to help explain each. -
CORRECT ANSWER - Negative feedback:
-includes homeostatic control mechanisms
-shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its intensity once balance in the body is reached
Positive feedback:
-increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther
-in the body this only occurs in blood clotting and birth of a baby
Describe a person in anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWER - hands at sides
palms facing forward
feet together
on back
Define Anterior - CORRECT ANSWER - the front side
Define posterior - CORRECT ANSWER - the back side
Define lateral - CORRECT ANSWER - farther away from body
Define medial - CORRECT ANSWER - close to body
Define proximal - CORRECT ANSWER - closer to body-in terms of arm would be
shoulder
Define distal - CORRECT ANSWER - farther from body-in terms of arm would be fingers
