Family Medicine EOR
What is the treatment for systolic HF? - ANSWERSNon-pharmacologic: oxygen, positive-pressure ventilation,
sodium/fluid restriction
Pharmacologic: diuretics, vasodilators, inotropes, anti-coagulants, beta blockers, digoxin
What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)? - ANSWERSLV hypertrophy with or w/o L ventricular outflow
tract (LVOT) obstruction, cardiac myocyte disarray, familial occurrence, sudden cardiac death
History of patient with HCM - ANSWERSHF sxs, fatigue, angina, palpitations, syncope;
PE: murmur, increased apical impulse, S4
Tx for HCM - ANSWERSBeta Blockers, disopyramide, verapamil
What is Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome? - ANSWERSPre-excitation syndrome; ventricles contract
prematurely via Bundle of Kent; SVT
Dx of WPW? - ANSWERSShort PR interval <120 ms, delta wave, QRS prolongation >110 ms
Tx or WPW? - ANSWERSAdenosine, Cardioversion or tissue ablation
What is pericarditis? - ANSWERSInflammation of the pericardium with or without pericardial effusion. MCly
idiopathic, likely related to viral infection.
Signs/Sxs of pericarditis? - ANSWERSSxs: Prodrome of F, malaise, myalgias; acute, sharp, stabbing CP; pleuritic
pain, pain reduced by leaning forward, SOB
PE: friction rub- coarse, high-pitched sound heard best at expiration at LLSB with pt learning forward; new S3
Diagnostic sign on EKG of pericarditis? - ANSWERSWidespread ST elevation and PR depression -->
normalization --> T waves begin to invert --> normalization
, Tx of pericarditis? - ANSWERSNSAIDs, colchicine, steroids
Tx for hypertension? - ANSWERSaerobic exercise, wt reduction, smoking cessation
Rx: first line- thiazide, ACE-Is, ARBs, long acting CCBs (amlodipine, verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem)
Tx for Mitral Valve Prolapse? - ANSWERSReassurance, normal lifestyle and activity
Tx for symptomatic bradycardia? - ANSWERSAtropine, then transcutaneous pacing
Etiology of hypokalemia? - ANSWERSGI loss, diuretics, glucocorticoid excess states, refeeding syndrome
Dx of hypokalemia - ANSWERSserum K <3.5 mEq/L; skeletal muscle weakness, GI hypomobility, polyuria,
polydipsia, decreased skin turgor
Tx of Atrial Fibrillation - ANSWERSRate control (Beta Blockers, CCBs, digoxin, amiodarone); Rhythm control;
cardioversion; ablation; anti-coagulation: long-term warfarin tx
What is supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)? - ANSWERSAV nodal/atrioventricular re-entry tachycardia.
Tachydysrhythmia arising above the Bundle of His
Dx of SVT? - ANSWERSS/Sx: may occur spontaneously or upon provocation with caffeine, exertion, alcohol, or
amphetamines. sudden onset of palpations, fall of BP, syncope
EKG: 140-280 BPM, narrow-complex, regular, retrograde P waves
Tx of SVT? - ANSWERSAdenosine
What is erythema multiforme? - ANSWERSEM is an acute, self-limited hypersensitivity rxn.
-MCly triggered by HSV 1 or 2, or drugs
-involves skin and mucus membranes, MCly mouth
What is the treatment for systolic HF? - ANSWERSNon-pharmacologic: oxygen, positive-pressure ventilation,
sodium/fluid restriction
Pharmacologic: diuretics, vasodilators, inotropes, anti-coagulants, beta blockers, digoxin
What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)? - ANSWERSLV hypertrophy with or w/o L ventricular outflow
tract (LVOT) obstruction, cardiac myocyte disarray, familial occurrence, sudden cardiac death
History of patient with HCM - ANSWERSHF sxs, fatigue, angina, palpitations, syncope;
PE: murmur, increased apical impulse, S4
Tx for HCM - ANSWERSBeta Blockers, disopyramide, verapamil
What is Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome? - ANSWERSPre-excitation syndrome; ventricles contract
prematurely via Bundle of Kent; SVT
Dx of WPW? - ANSWERSShort PR interval <120 ms, delta wave, QRS prolongation >110 ms
Tx or WPW? - ANSWERSAdenosine, Cardioversion or tissue ablation
What is pericarditis? - ANSWERSInflammation of the pericardium with or without pericardial effusion. MCly
idiopathic, likely related to viral infection.
Signs/Sxs of pericarditis? - ANSWERSSxs: Prodrome of F, malaise, myalgias; acute, sharp, stabbing CP; pleuritic
pain, pain reduced by leaning forward, SOB
PE: friction rub- coarse, high-pitched sound heard best at expiration at LLSB with pt learning forward; new S3
Diagnostic sign on EKG of pericarditis? - ANSWERSWidespread ST elevation and PR depression -->
normalization --> T waves begin to invert --> normalization
, Tx of pericarditis? - ANSWERSNSAIDs, colchicine, steroids
Tx for hypertension? - ANSWERSaerobic exercise, wt reduction, smoking cessation
Rx: first line- thiazide, ACE-Is, ARBs, long acting CCBs (amlodipine, verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem)
Tx for Mitral Valve Prolapse? - ANSWERSReassurance, normal lifestyle and activity
Tx for symptomatic bradycardia? - ANSWERSAtropine, then transcutaneous pacing
Etiology of hypokalemia? - ANSWERSGI loss, diuretics, glucocorticoid excess states, refeeding syndrome
Dx of hypokalemia - ANSWERSserum K <3.5 mEq/L; skeletal muscle weakness, GI hypomobility, polyuria,
polydipsia, decreased skin turgor
Tx of Atrial Fibrillation - ANSWERSRate control (Beta Blockers, CCBs, digoxin, amiodarone); Rhythm control;
cardioversion; ablation; anti-coagulation: long-term warfarin tx
What is supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)? - ANSWERSAV nodal/atrioventricular re-entry tachycardia.
Tachydysrhythmia arising above the Bundle of His
Dx of SVT? - ANSWERSS/Sx: may occur spontaneously or upon provocation with caffeine, exertion, alcohol, or
amphetamines. sudden onset of palpations, fall of BP, syncope
EKG: 140-280 BPM, narrow-complex, regular, retrograde P waves
Tx of SVT? - ANSWERSAdenosine
What is erythema multiforme? - ANSWERSEM is an acute, self-limited hypersensitivity rxn.
-MCly triggered by HSV 1 or 2, or drugs
-involves skin and mucus membranes, MCly mouth
