NUR 330 Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions With Complete
Solutions
3 lines of body defenses Correct Answers 1. skin and mucous
membranes
2. inflammatory reaction: innate, erythema
3. immune system: adaptive, T and B cells
3 protein systems Correct Answers 1. complement: WBC,
neutrophils (5,000-10,000)
2. clotting: platelets (150,000-400,000)
3. kinin: bradykinin, prostaglandins -> pain
4 cardinal signs of inflammation Correct Answers 1. rubor -
redness
2. calor - heat
3. dolor - pain
4. tumor - swelling
5. paralisado - loss of function
4 types of immunity Correct Answers 1. active natural -> got
sick, developed the illness
2. active artificial -> vaccine
3. passive natural -> maternal antibody
4. passive artificial -> immunoglobulins
acute inflammation Correct Answers less than 2 weeks
airborne Correct Answers suspended in air
can travel more than 3 to 6 feet
N95 mask
,-measles
-rubella
-tuberculosis
-varicella/chicken pox
antibody Correct Answers fight antigens; immunoglobulins
antigen Correct Answers foreign material
arthritis Correct Answers inflammation of your joints
autoimmune disorder tests Correct Answers SED and CRP to
check if patient is responding the treatment
autoimmune disorder types Correct Answers active -> flare-up
(relapse)
-inactive -> remission
b cells Correct Answers produce antibodies; memory cells
benefits of inflammation Correct Answers 1. inflammation
sends a signal -> tissue injury, infection
2. prepares our body for healing and tissue repair
3. limits injury -> invites WBC
calcium imbalance priority Correct Answers 1. heart
2. 99% in bones
3. vitamin D and magnesium=BFF
4. phosphorus=enemy
5. makes your nerves and muscles calm and peaceful -> low
calcium=tetanic spasms; tap nerves and it twitches; chvostek
, sign=BP cuff makes hand twitch; trousse sign=absent deep
tendon reflexes
6. high calcium level = absent deep tendon reflexes -> cancer
stages 1-4 (malignant hypercalcemia) -> travel=metastasis
7. low calcium level=accidental removal of parathyroid gland
after thyroidectomy goiter
cellular changes Correct Answers -atrophy: decrease in size
-hypertrophy: increase in size
-hyperplasia: increase in number of cells
-dysplasia: change in structure
-metaplasia: change in tissue type
cervical cancer Correct Answers 1. etiology
-HPV
2. risk factors
-women
-young
-sexually active
-family history
-immunocompromised
-coitarche (first sexual encounter)
3. clinical manifestations
-pain in vaginal area
-pain during sex
-weight loss
-anemia (vaginal bleeding)
-musty, foul smell
4. laboratory tests
-biopsy
-colposcopy
Solutions
3 lines of body defenses Correct Answers 1. skin and mucous
membranes
2. inflammatory reaction: innate, erythema
3. immune system: adaptive, T and B cells
3 protein systems Correct Answers 1. complement: WBC,
neutrophils (5,000-10,000)
2. clotting: platelets (150,000-400,000)
3. kinin: bradykinin, prostaglandins -> pain
4 cardinal signs of inflammation Correct Answers 1. rubor -
redness
2. calor - heat
3. dolor - pain
4. tumor - swelling
5. paralisado - loss of function
4 types of immunity Correct Answers 1. active natural -> got
sick, developed the illness
2. active artificial -> vaccine
3. passive natural -> maternal antibody
4. passive artificial -> immunoglobulins
acute inflammation Correct Answers less than 2 weeks
airborne Correct Answers suspended in air
can travel more than 3 to 6 feet
N95 mask
,-measles
-rubella
-tuberculosis
-varicella/chicken pox
antibody Correct Answers fight antigens; immunoglobulins
antigen Correct Answers foreign material
arthritis Correct Answers inflammation of your joints
autoimmune disorder tests Correct Answers SED and CRP to
check if patient is responding the treatment
autoimmune disorder types Correct Answers active -> flare-up
(relapse)
-inactive -> remission
b cells Correct Answers produce antibodies; memory cells
benefits of inflammation Correct Answers 1. inflammation
sends a signal -> tissue injury, infection
2. prepares our body for healing and tissue repair
3. limits injury -> invites WBC
calcium imbalance priority Correct Answers 1. heart
2. 99% in bones
3. vitamin D and magnesium=BFF
4. phosphorus=enemy
5. makes your nerves and muscles calm and peaceful -> low
calcium=tetanic spasms; tap nerves and it twitches; chvostek
, sign=BP cuff makes hand twitch; trousse sign=absent deep
tendon reflexes
6. high calcium level = absent deep tendon reflexes -> cancer
stages 1-4 (malignant hypercalcemia) -> travel=metastasis
7. low calcium level=accidental removal of parathyroid gland
after thyroidectomy goiter
cellular changes Correct Answers -atrophy: decrease in size
-hypertrophy: increase in size
-hyperplasia: increase in number of cells
-dysplasia: change in structure
-metaplasia: change in tissue type
cervical cancer Correct Answers 1. etiology
-HPV
2. risk factors
-women
-young
-sexually active
-family history
-immunocompromised
-coitarche (first sexual encounter)
3. clinical manifestations
-pain in vaginal area
-pain during sex
-weight loss
-anemia (vaginal bleeding)
-musty, foul smell
4. laboratory tests
-biopsy
-colposcopy
