HST 102 - Final Exam questions and
answers latest update
World War I has been called the most consequential event of the twentieth century. Explain
why this may be so. What do the phrases "total war politics" and "total war mentality" mean? -
correct answer ✔✔Nearly ten million soldiers died in World War I, which was shocking even by
today's standards. About three percent of British, French, and German boys died. As a total war,
the countries involved in World War I dedicated all of their resources, industries, and thoughts
towards the war effort. In total war, politics were limited to one party and societal mentality
was narrowed to believe in and focus on only how the nation could succeed in this war. As a
result, the production and development of weapons increased tremendously during this time.
People grew up and matured more quickly during the war and became more depressed and
pessimistic. World War I not only resulted in the most deaths the world had seen up to that
point, but also changed the mindset of nations and world-wide balance of power so they would
never be the same again.
What factors led to the Russian Revolutions of 1917? Distinguish between the two separate
revolutions in your essay. - correct answer ✔✔In February 1917, the first of two Revolutions
occurred in Russia. The February, or March, Revolution occurred as a result of a loss of faith in
the czarist regime. Not only had the country suffered due to a lack of supplies in World War I,
but the conditions under which they lived did not sit well with the Russian citizens. Eventually,
tension boiled over and many Russians got together and overthrew the czar. Later that same
year, the Bolsheviks, a socialist faction, seized control of Russia in the October Revolution. Linen,
the leader of the faction, talked about communism and promised to get Russia out of the war,
thus overthrowing the provisional government which had taken route after the February
Revolution earlier that year.
What caused the Great Depression? What two major theories did economists use to explain the
depression? After 1933, which theory seemed to be successful? Which major Western state
avoided the Great Depression and why? - correct answer ✔✔Apart from in Germany, which was
already in a Depression as a result of the Treaty of Versailles, and Russia, which had become
isolated from the rest of the world, the Great Depression occurred when the stock market
crashed in October 1929 because of an inability of the world to shift away from a wartime
, economy. People panicked because all the money they had invested in the market was lost and
bank after bank shut down all over the West as people rushed to take back their money. When
the U.S. stick exchange, specifically, crashed, it had caused a ripple effect around the world.
World prices during this time dropped down by half. 30 million jobs were lost in the world, and
15 million were lost in the U.S. Two economic theories as to why this depression happened
were the Classical theory and the Keynesian theory. The Classical theory suggested a free
market approach in which products costed too much to produce, therefore the country should
lower wages, taxes, and government spending. The Keynesian theory, on the other hand,
suggested that the depression was due to a lack of market or not enough demand for the
amount of products companies were making. This theory recommended that the country
increase wages, decreased taxes, and increased government spending to create jobs, which
resulted in Deficit Spending. After 1933, the Keynesian approach proved to be the most
successful as the government under President Roosevelt did increase its spending to create
more jobs.
What was Fascism and why did many Europeans embrace it in the 1930s? What circumstances
explain the collapse of democracy throughout much of interwar Europe? - correct answer
✔✔During the 1930s, totalitarian regimes gave society something to believe in, like religion,
and unified many European nations. Fascism is based on the Roman symbol, Faces, which was a
symbol of strength through unity. The reign of Fascism began with Mussolini in Italy. It went
against communism and democracy but strongly supported nationalism. Fascism appealed
particularly to the lower middle class of society and averted industry, modernity, and big cities.
The fascist ideology favored strength, masculinity, and war, aspects which the rising generation
grew up with during World War I.
Discuss the issues and events that led to World War II. Why do historians assert that World War
II in Europe was won on the Eastern front? What was the "D-Day" invasion of Europe? How did
the war end for Germany and Japan? - correct answer ✔✔At the end of World War I, the Treaty
of Versailles contained a War Guilt Clause which the Allies forced Germany to sign. The clause
required them to take responsibility for the costs of the war and rid the nation of its military.
The penalty left Germany in a depression, even before the Great Depression hit in 1929. During
the Great Depression, Hitler rose to power as a populist leader, he promised to get Germany out
of its depression and began to rebuild its military. Because of a lack of structure within the
League of Nations, no one was capable of making sure Germany followed the War Guilt Clause,
therefore as Germany began to expand their territory, no one intervened until Hitler took
Czechoslovakia and Poland in 1939 causing Britain to declare war. The D-Day invasion in
answers latest update
World War I has been called the most consequential event of the twentieth century. Explain
why this may be so. What do the phrases "total war politics" and "total war mentality" mean? -
correct answer ✔✔Nearly ten million soldiers died in World War I, which was shocking even by
today's standards. About three percent of British, French, and German boys died. As a total war,
the countries involved in World War I dedicated all of their resources, industries, and thoughts
towards the war effort. In total war, politics were limited to one party and societal mentality
was narrowed to believe in and focus on only how the nation could succeed in this war. As a
result, the production and development of weapons increased tremendously during this time.
People grew up and matured more quickly during the war and became more depressed and
pessimistic. World War I not only resulted in the most deaths the world had seen up to that
point, but also changed the mindset of nations and world-wide balance of power so they would
never be the same again.
What factors led to the Russian Revolutions of 1917? Distinguish between the two separate
revolutions in your essay. - correct answer ✔✔In February 1917, the first of two Revolutions
occurred in Russia. The February, or March, Revolution occurred as a result of a loss of faith in
the czarist regime. Not only had the country suffered due to a lack of supplies in World War I,
but the conditions under which they lived did not sit well with the Russian citizens. Eventually,
tension boiled over and many Russians got together and overthrew the czar. Later that same
year, the Bolsheviks, a socialist faction, seized control of Russia in the October Revolution. Linen,
the leader of the faction, talked about communism and promised to get Russia out of the war,
thus overthrowing the provisional government which had taken route after the February
Revolution earlier that year.
What caused the Great Depression? What two major theories did economists use to explain the
depression? After 1933, which theory seemed to be successful? Which major Western state
avoided the Great Depression and why? - correct answer ✔✔Apart from in Germany, which was
already in a Depression as a result of the Treaty of Versailles, and Russia, which had become
isolated from the rest of the world, the Great Depression occurred when the stock market
crashed in October 1929 because of an inability of the world to shift away from a wartime
, economy. People panicked because all the money they had invested in the market was lost and
bank after bank shut down all over the West as people rushed to take back their money. When
the U.S. stick exchange, specifically, crashed, it had caused a ripple effect around the world.
World prices during this time dropped down by half. 30 million jobs were lost in the world, and
15 million were lost in the U.S. Two economic theories as to why this depression happened
were the Classical theory and the Keynesian theory. The Classical theory suggested a free
market approach in which products costed too much to produce, therefore the country should
lower wages, taxes, and government spending. The Keynesian theory, on the other hand,
suggested that the depression was due to a lack of market or not enough demand for the
amount of products companies were making. This theory recommended that the country
increase wages, decreased taxes, and increased government spending to create jobs, which
resulted in Deficit Spending. After 1933, the Keynesian approach proved to be the most
successful as the government under President Roosevelt did increase its spending to create
more jobs.
What was Fascism and why did many Europeans embrace it in the 1930s? What circumstances
explain the collapse of democracy throughout much of interwar Europe? - correct answer
✔✔During the 1930s, totalitarian regimes gave society something to believe in, like religion,
and unified many European nations. Fascism is based on the Roman symbol, Faces, which was a
symbol of strength through unity. The reign of Fascism began with Mussolini in Italy. It went
against communism and democracy but strongly supported nationalism. Fascism appealed
particularly to the lower middle class of society and averted industry, modernity, and big cities.
The fascist ideology favored strength, masculinity, and war, aspects which the rising generation
grew up with during World War I.
Discuss the issues and events that led to World War II. Why do historians assert that World War
II in Europe was won on the Eastern front? What was the "D-Day" invasion of Europe? How did
the war end for Germany and Japan? - correct answer ✔✔At the end of World War I, the Treaty
of Versailles contained a War Guilt Clause which the Allies forced Germany to sign. The clause
required them to take responsibility for the costs of the war and rid the nation of its military.
The penalty left Germany in a depression, even before the Great Depression hit in 1929. During
the Great Depression, Hitler rose to power as a populist leader, he promised to get Germany out
of its depression and began to rebuild its military. Because of a lack of structure within the
League of Nations, no one was capable of making sure Germany followed the War Guilt Clause,
therefore as Germany began to expand their territory, no one intervened until Hitler took
Czechoslovakia and Poland in 1939 causing Britain to declare war. The D-Day invasion in
