EDAPT: VALIDITY AND EVALUATING
QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
In which parts of a research study can bias be an issue? Select all that apply. - Accurate answers
Conducting the study
Reporting the results
Seeking funding
Selecting participants
Planning the study
Which term explains an influence that can distort study results or conclusions? - Accurate answers
Bias
__________ is the extent a tool or method measures what it is supposed to measure.
__________ is the measure of consistency. - Accurate answers Validity
Reliability
Which situation is not possible? - Accurate answers Low reliability and high validity
Match the type of validity to the definition. - Accurate answers *Internal validity* - The study
establishes a trustworthy cause-and-effect relationship between a treatment and an outcome.
*External validity* - How the study results are applicable in other settings or the generalizability of the
study results.
*Construct validity* - Does the test measure what it is supposed to measure?
*Content validity* - Are the test items fully representative of the entire domain it is intended to
measure?
*Conclusion validity* - The conclusions of the study are reasonable.
The nurse is conducting a qualitative study that utilizes coding as a data analysis method. There are two
researchers coding the data and they reach different conclusions on the codes that are applied to
interview transcript data. This is an issue of __________ reliability. - Accurate answers Inter-rater
, Which methods can be utilized to increase the quality of a research study? Select all that apply. -
Accurate answers Provide quotations from transcribed interviews
Detailed audit trail
Use different methods of data collection
Which findings can indicate an issue of bias? Select all that apply. - Accurate answers Ensuring the
medical personnel understand who is receiving experimental treatment in case there is an emergency.
Hand selecting participants for inclusion in the experimental and control groups to ensure equal
distribution of certain demographic traits.
Some participants in a study are asked to evaluate their pain level from the previous day because the
study personnel forgot to ask them yesterday.
The test currently in use is quick and easy but often indicates a positive result with seasonal influenza
instead of COVID-19. This is an example of which concept? - Accurate answers Validity
The gold standard COVID-19 test involves drawing blood and sending it to a lab, which can take several
days. The nurse searches current research evidence for a different test that is quicker but gives results
like the gold standard. This involves which type of validity? - Accurate answers Criterion
Which type of reliability is most important when selecting a research article indicating a quick COVID-19
test yields results like the gold standard test? - Accurate answers Parallel forms
Indicate if the information found in the COVID-19 research articles increases the quality of the
measurement of the study or does not increase the quality. - Accurate answers *Increases
Quality:*
Data is collected from test results, client reported symptoms, and vital signs.
A step-by-step process for how a test was administered is documented.
*Does Not Increase Quality:*
There are five researchers for one study, compared to three in another.
A detailed description of COVID-19 is included.
The nurse is part of the team that will be implementing the new test and conducting a study to add to
the knowledge base for COVID-19 testing. Which steps should be taken to reduce bias in the study? -
Accurate answers *Reduces Bias:*
QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
In which parts of a research study can bias be an issue? Select all that apply. - Accurate answers
Conducting the study
Reporting the results
Seeking funding
Selecting participants
Planning the study
Which term explains an influence that can distort study results or conclusions? - Accurate answers
Bias
__________ is the extent a tool or method measures what it is supposed to measure.
__________ is the measure of consistency. - Accurate answers Validity
Reliability
Which situation is not possible? - Accurate answers Low reliability and high validity
Match the type of validity to the definition. - Accurate answers *Internal validity* - The study
establishes a trustworthy cause-and-effect relationship between a treatment and an outcome.
*External validity* - How the study results are applicable in other settings or the generalizability of the
study results.
*Construct validity* - Does the test measure what it is supposed to measure?
*Content validity* - Are the test items fully representative of the entire domain it is intended to
measure?
*Conclusion validity* - The conclusions of the study are reasonable.
The nurse is conducting a qualitative study that utilizes coding as a data analysis method. There are two
researchers coding the data and they reach different conclusions on the codes that are applied to
interview transcript data. This is an issue of __________ reliability. - Accurate answers Inter-rater
, Which methods can be utilized to increase the quality of a research study? Select all that apply. -
Accurate answers Provide quotations from transcribed interviews
Detailed audit trail
Use different methods of data collection
Which findings can indicate an issue of bias? Select all that apply. - Accurate answers Ensuring the
medical personnel understand who is receiving experimental treatment in case there is an emergency.
Hand selecting participants for inclusion in the experimental and control groups to ensure equal
distribution of certain demographic traits.
Some participants in a study are asked to evaluate their pain level from the previous day because the
study personnel forgot to ask them yesterday.
The test currently in use is quick and easy but often indicates a positive result with seasonal influenza
instead of COVID-19. This is an example of which concept? - Accurate answers Validity
The gold standard COVID-19 test involves drawing blood and sending it to a lab, which can take several
days. The nurse searches current research evidence for a different test that is quicker but gives results
like the gold standard. This involves which type of validity? - Accurate answers Criterion
Which type of reliability is most important when selecting a research article indicating a quick COVID-19
test yields results like the gold standard test? - Accurate answers Parallel forms
Indicate if the information found in the COVID-19 research articles increases the quality of the
measurement of the study or does not increase the quality. - Accurate answers *Increases
Quality:*
Data is collected from test results, client reported symptoms, and vital signs.
A step-by-step process for how a test was administered is documented.
*Does Not Increase Quality:*
There are five researchers for one study, compared to three in another.
A detailed description of COVID-19 is included.
The nurse is part of the team that will be implementing the new test and conducting a study to add to
the knowledge base for COVID-19 testing. Which steps should be taken to reduce bias in the study? -
Accurate answers *Reduces Bias:*
