NR-507 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM QUESTIONS WITH
100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
The anterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones.
True
False - Accurate answers True
The only way for a hormone to reach a target cell is through the blood stream.
True
False - Accurate answers The endocrine cell can also secrete hormones that target cells directly
close it. When this occurs, this type of secretion is known as paracrine signaling.
Lipid-derived hormones cross the cell membrane and bind to receptors in the cell's cytoplasm.
True
False - Accurate answers This statement is true. Lipid-derived hormones cross the cell membrane
and bind to receptors in the cell's cytoplasm.
To be considered a lipid hormone, it must be bound to a protein and it must bind to receptors inside the
cell membrane.
True
False - Accurate answers It must be bound to a protein and it bind to receptors on the cell
membrane rather than inside the cell membrane.
The pineal gland is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle.
True
False - Accurate answers True
Endocrine System-Overview - Accurate answers The purpose of the endocrine system is to
maintain the body's homeostasis using hormones. Hormones are signaling molecules.
When an endocrine cell receives a stimulus or command, this stimulates the endocrine cell to secrete
hormones into the blood stream. The hormones will then target and bind onto a specific receptor on a
target cell. This will cause the target cell to initiate a response.
Endocrine System Characteristics - Accurate answers Hormones have specific rates and rhythms of
secretion.
Hormones operate within feedback systems, either positive or negative, to maintain an optimal internal
environment.
Hormones affect only cells with specific receptors and then act on those cells to initiate specific cell
functions or activities.
Secretion Patterns - Accurate answers (1) circadian or diurnal patterns, (2) pulsatile and cyclic
patterns, and (3) patterns that depend on levels of circulating substrates (e.g., calcium, sodium,
potassium, or the hormones themselves).
, Three types of signaling hormones - Accurate answers Steroid, peptide, and amine
Steroid - Accurate answers Lipids derived from cholesterol
Lipophilic - can cross membrane- need protein for transfer
Undergoes constitutive secretion
Testosterone
Estrogen / Progesterone
Can remain in the blood for hours to days
Peptide - Accurate answers Short polypeptide chains
Hydrophilic - cannot cross membrane/Does not require a protein to circulate
Undergoes regulatory secretion
Insulin
Glucagon
Short half life
Amine - Accurate answers Derived from aromatic amino acid
Hydrophilic - cannot cross membrane
Undergoes regulatory secretion
Thyroxine
Short half life
How can a hormone initiate a response? - Accurate answers Only free circulating hormones can
initiate responses inside of a target cell
Upon arrival to the cell membrane, the protein-bound hormone must disengage from the protein in
order to diffuse into the cell where its effects can be exerted.
Hormone Regulation - Accurate answers Hormone release is regulated by chemical factors (e.g.
blood glucose), endocrine factors (e.g. a hormone from one gland controls another gland) and neural
control.
Hormone release is regulated by feedback systems. These are responsible for monitoring and
controlling the cellular environment. You are likely familiar with the negative and positive feedback
system.
Negative Feedback System - Accurate answers will activate when there is a change in endocrine,
chemical or neural response. It will decrease the synthesis and secretion of a hormone.
negative feedback results that stops the production and release of the hormone.
Positive Feedback System - Accurate answers will result when the endocrine, chemical or neural
response increases the synthesis and secretion of a hormone.
Positive feedback results when the hormone is needed to exert its effects on the target cell. The
hormone is produced and secreted. When there is less
Cellular Communication - Accurate answers Receptors are displayed on the plasma membrane of
the cell. Think of the receptors as signaling molecules that brings the hormone to where it specifically
needs to be.
Affects receptor proteins inside the target cell where the signal molecule must enter the cell to bind
with them.
100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
The anterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones.
True
False - Accurate answers True
The only way for a hormone to reach a target cell is through the blood stream.
True
False - Accurate answers The endocrine cell can also secrete hormones that target cells directly
close it. When this occurs, this type of secretion is known as paracrine signaling.
Lipid-derived hormones cross the cell membrane and bind to receptors in the cell's cytoplasm.
True
False - Accurate answers This statement is true. Lipid-derived hormones cross the cell membrane
and bind to receptors in the cell's cytoplasm.
To be considered a lipid hormone, it must be bound to a protein and it must bind to receptors inside the
cell membrane.
True
False - Accurate answers It must be bound to a protein and it bind to receptors on the cell
membrane rather than inside the cell membrane.
The pineal gland is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle.
True
False - Accurate answers True
Endocrine System-Overview - Accurate answers The purpose of the endocrine system is to
maintain the body's homeostasis using hormones. Hormones are signaling molecules.
When an endocrine cell receives a stimulus or command, this stimulates the endocrine cell to secrete
hormones into the blood stream. The hormones will then target and bind onto a specific receptor on a
target cell. This will cause the target cell to initiate a response.
Endocrine System Characteristics - Accurate answers Hormones have specific rates and rhythms of
secretion.
Hormones operate within feedback systems, either positive or negative, to maintain an optimal internal
environment.
Hormones affect only cells with specific receptors and then act on those cells to initiate specific cell
functions or activities.
Secretion Patterns - Accurate answers (1) circadian or diurnal patterns, (2) pulsatile and cyclic
patterns, and (3) patterns that depend on levels of circulating substrates (e.g., calcium, sodium,
potassium, or the hormones themselves).
, Three types of signaling hormones - Accurate answers Steroid, peptide, and amine
Steroid - Accurate answers Lipids derived from cholesterol
Lipophilic - can cross membrane- need protein for transfer
Undergoes constitutive secretion
Testosterone
Estrogen / Progesterone
Can remain in the blood for hours to days
Peptide - Accurate answers Short polypeptide chains
Hydrophilic - cannot cross membrane/Does not require a protein to circulate
Undergoes regulatory secretion
Insulin
Glucagon
Short half life
Amine - Accurate answers Derived from aromatic amino acid
Hydrophilic - cannot cross membrane
Undergoes regulatory secretion
Thyroxine
Short half life
How can a hormone initiate a response? - Accurate answers Only free circulating hormones can
initiate responses inside of a target cell
Upon arrival to the cell membrane, the protein-bound hormone must disengage from the protein in
order to diffuse into the cell where its effects can be exerted.
Hormone Regulation - Accurate answers Hormone release is regulated by chemical factors (e.g.
blood glucose), endocrine factors (e.g. a hormone from one gland controls another gland) and neural
control.
Hormone release is regulated by feedback systems. These are responsible for monitoring and
controlling the cellular environment. You are likely familiar with the negative and positive feedback
system.
Negative Feedback System - Accurate answers will activate when there is a change in endocrine,
chemical or neural response. It will decrease the synthesis and secretion of a hormone.
negative feedback results that stops the production and release of the hormone.
Positive Feedback System - Accurate answers will result when the endocrine, chemical or neural
response increases the synthesis and secretion of a hormone.
Positive feedback results when the hormone is needed to exert its effects on the target cell. The
hormone is produced and secreted. When there is less
Cellular Communication - Accurate answers Receptors are displayed on the plasma membrane of
the cell. Think of the receptors as signaling molecules that brings the hormone to where it specifically
needs to be.
Affects receptor proteins inside the target cell where the signal molecule must enter the cell to bind
with them.
