NR509 Exam Question Bank with Complete Solutions

NR509 Exam Question Bank with Complete Solutions Chapter 18: Breasts and Axillae 1.An 80-year-old woman who lives alone at home presents with concerns about maintaining her independent living status. She continues to drive and care for herself and her pet dog but reports two falls over the past 4 months. During one fall, she struck her head, causing a bruise over the right eye. She attributes these episodes to environmental factors: Once she tripped over a rug, and once she misjudged the depth of the curb while crossing the street. Which of the following would be the best approach to this patient? a. Advise the patient to be more careful and attentive to her surroundings and provide reassurance that two episodes is not a cause for concern. b. Advise her that she may require a walker or a cane to provide better balance. c. Advise her that falls are associated with aging and that no preventive measures have proven effective. d. Perform a comprehensive assessment of fall risk and plan preventive interventions. e. Order a computed tomography (CT) scan of the head to rule out cerebellar pathology. 2.A 44-year-old female mathematician presents to clinic with a complaint of a mass in the right breast. Her partner noticed this mass 2 days ago, and the patient feels guilty because she has only had one mammogram and does not engage in breast self-examination (BSE) on any regular basis. She has no family history of breast cancer, and her prior mammogram was ordered as a routine screening test at age 43 years after a brief discussion with her primary care provider. After a thorough investigation reveals a benign cyst, what advice should be given to this patient about screening for breast cancer in her age group? a. BSE is well evidenced, and all recommending agencies agree that it should be taught and reinforced. b. Clinical breast examination (CBE) is superior to BSE and should be a routine part of annual examinations starting at age 30 years. c. This patient was in compliance with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations for her age group and risk factors prior to her current complaint. d. Mammography is most sensitive and specific for women in their 40s, when breast tissue is still dense enough to image accurately. e. Breast cancer screening is extremely well studied, and no controversy exists on the recommended norms for screening and follow-up.