California Baptist University PSY 422 | PSY 422 Exam 2- Chapters 3 - 6; Answered Correctly FALL 2025/2026.

Question 1 1. The primary aim of time limited dynamic psychotherapy is to: 2a. explore sources of childhood trauma. b. change the client’s repetitive patterns of relating to others. c. deal exclusively with a single presenting problem. d. bring about catharsis. 2 points Question 2 1. The process of redirecting sexual energy into some form of socially acceptable behavior is known as: 2a. denial. b. compensation. c. sublimation. d. displacement. 2 points Question 3 1. A person with a personality disorder is characterized by instability, irritability, self-destructive acts, impulsive anger, and extreme mood shifts. This person is lacking a clear sense of identity, has poor impulse control, and an inability to tolerate anxiety. 2a. narcissistic b. borderline c. obsessive-compulsive d. dependent 2 points Question 4 1. The Electra complex and the Oedipus complex are associated with what psychosexual stage of development? 2a. Oral stage b. Phallic stage c. Anal stage d. Genital stage 2 points Question 5 1. Which of the following statements is not true with regard to the relational approach to psychoanalysis? 2a. Countertransference provides rich information about the client’s dynamics. b. Therapist anonymity is used to foster the transference relationship. c. There is an exploration of the subjectivities of both client and therapist. d. The approach is based on an egalitarian model. 2 points Question 6 1. If a person becomes fixated in the oral stage of development, later personality problems may include all of the following except: 2a. rejecting others’ love. b. fear of intimate relationships. c. mistrust of others. d. high self-esteem. 2 points Question 7 1. A more flexible variant of psychoanalysis is: 2a. psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy. b. superego-oriented psychotherapy. c. psychoanalytic behavior analysis. d. psychoanalytically oriented reality therapy. 2 points Question 8 1. Jacqueline feels guilty whenever she considers taking a day off from work for personal reasons. Which of the psychic structures postulated by Freud is fueling her guilty feelings? 2a. The ego b. The superego c. The consciousness d. The id 2 points Question 9 1. The developmental crisis involving initiative vs. guilt occurs during: a. preschool age. b. school age. c. adolescence. d. early childhood age. 2 points Question 10 1. Who developed the object-relations view that focuses on separation and individuation? 2a. Rogers b. Perls c. Mahler d. Satir 2 points Question 11 1. Clients have a right to know about before making highly personal disclosures. a. limits of confidentiality b. their therapist’s qualifications and personal information c. the approximate length and details of the therapist’s personal relationships d. the general goals of the therapist during personal counseling 2 points Question 12 1. ethics involves a level of ethical functioning at the minimum level of professional practice. 2a. Minimal b. Mandatory c. Aspirational d. Positive 2 points Question 13 1. ethics focuses on doing what is in the best interest of clients. 2a. Minimal b. Aspirational c. Mandatory d. Positive 2 points Question 14 1. Confidentiality must be breached and information must be reported by practitioners when all of the following take place, except: 2a. a child under the age of 16 requests counseling sessions. b. clients pose a danger to others. c. an older adult is being abused. d. the therapist determines that the client needs immediate, involuntary hospitalization. 2 points Question 15 1. Both the feminist perspective and the postmodern approaches charge that diagnoses: 2a. are an essential part of the medical model they follow. b. ignore societal contexts. c. are generally helpful to women clients. d. are an appropriate part of counseling sessions. 2 points Question 16 1. A therapist should consult with colleagues or specialists under all circumstances except: 2a. when multiple relationships are potentially problematic. b. when discussing past life choices. c. when facing an ethical problem. d. when losing objectivity. 2 points Question 17 1. Assessment consists of: 2a. evaluating the relevant factors in a client’s life to identify themes for further exploration in the counseling process. b. gaining an account into how the client’s problems developed over time. c. forming an explanation of the causes of the client’s difficulties. d. identifying a specific mental disorder. 2 points Question 18 1. The ethics codes do not mandate that dual or multiple relationships: 2a. are impossible to avoid. b. should be avoided or that nonsexual multiple relationships are unethical. c. are helpful in case of counseling one’s friends or relatives. d. are clearly grounds for revocation of one’s professional license. 2 points Question 19 1. The first step in making an ethical decision is to: 2a. seek consultation. b. identify the problem. c. consider the applicable laws and regulations. d. look at the relevant ethics codes. 2 points Question 20 1. Marcus, a therapist in a community agency, recently divorced his wife and seems to be harboring anger towards women in general. His colleagues, who have noticed a change in his attitude and behavior lately, have encouraged him to seek personal counseling to work through his issues. They are: 2a. being unsupportive colleagues; since they are aware of his situation, they should offer to provide counseling to him and not refer him to a professional outside of the agency. b. overreacting to his anger and are overstepping the boundaries by suggesting he go to counseling. c. unwise to suggest counseling since he will not benefit from it because he is a therapist and already knows how to deal with his problems. d. acting ethically by recommending counseling for Marcus; as counselors, they recognize that personal issues that have not been worked through are likely to be projected onto clients. 2 points Question 21 1. Existentialists contend that the experience of relatedness to other human beings: 2a. should be based on our needs and theirs. b. is healthy when we are able to stand alone and tap into our own strength. c. is a neurotically dependent attachment. d. is not necessary, since we are basically alone. 2 points Question 22 1. The central theme running through the works of Viktor Frankl is: 2a. the notion of self-actualization. b. self-disclosure as the key to mental health. c. that freedom is a myth. d. the will to meaning. 2 points Question 23 1. The characteristic existential theme includes: 2a. transference. b. resistance. c. examining irrational beliefs. d. freedom and responsibility. 2 points Question 24 1. Finding the "courage to be" involves: 2a. developing a will to move forward in spite of anxiety-producing situations. b. confronting a specific phobia. c. learning to be alone. d. discarding old values. 2 points Question 25 1. In the book Staring at the Sun: Overcoming the Terror of Death (2008), develops the idea that confronting death enables us to live in a more compassionate way. 2a. Martin Buber b. Irvin Yalom c. Stephen King d. Justin Bieber 2 points Question 26 1. Philosophically, the existentialists would agree that: 2a. people do not redefine themselves by their choices. b. making choices can create anxiety. c. the final decisions and choices rest with the therapist. d. a person cannot go beyond early conditioning. 2 points Question 27 1. The central goal of existential psychotherapy is to: 2a. help clients reject the responsibility of choosing. b. keep the client from experiencing authentic existence. c. increase awareness. d. decrease self-awareness. 2 points Question 28 1. In regards to freedom and responsibility, existential therapy embraces three values. Which of the following is not one of these values? 2a. The freedom to choose our past and the choices of our parents b. The capacity to reflect on the meaning of our choices c. The freedom to become within the context of natural and self-imposed limitations d. The capacity to act on the choices we make 2 points Question 29 1. From a multicultural perspective, some clients may reject this approach because: 2a. it is founded on abstract, westernized notions that are not widely applicable. b. death anxiety is not a central issue in all cultures. c. their life circumstances provide them with truly limited choices. d. the use of techniques may be overwhelming for them. 2 points Question 30 1. The therapist’s presence is: 2a. both a condition and a goal of therapeutic change. b. a condition of therapeutic change. c. neither a condition nor a goal of therapeutic change. d. a goal of therapeutic change. 2 points Question 31 1. All of the following are characteristics that form the basis for an integrative framework in brief therapy except: 2a. the assignment of behavioral tasks. b. counselor indirectiveness. c. time limitation. d. focus. 2 points Question 32 1. The statement “Only when I am perfect can I be secure” is an example of: 2a. a realistic goal. b. something a personality disordered individual would say. c. retroflection. d. a guiding self-ideal. 2 points Question 33 1. The premise of Adlerian group work is that: 2a. clients’ problems are usually of a social nature. b. insight, not action, is needed for change. c. individuals are encouraged to become fully independent. d. early childhood disturbances are at the root of the client’s current problems. 2 points Question 34 1. Adler pioneered the practice of teaching professionals through live demonstrations with parents and children before large audiences. This is now called: 2a. “on stage” family therapy. b. “hot seat” family counseling. c. spectator therapy. d. “open-forum” family counseling. 2 points Question 35 1. Adler taught that we must successfully master three universal life tasks. Which of the following is not one of these tasks? 2a. Building friendships b. Enhancing wellness c. Establishing intimacy d. Contributing to society 2 points Question 36 1. Adler chose the name for his theoretical approach because it is based on a growth model. 2a. Community Psychology b. Id Psychology c. Ego Psychology d. Individual Psychology 2 points Question 37 1. Which of the following techniques is not used in Adlerian family counseling? 2a. The push-button technique b. Immediacy c. Analyzing resistances between members of the family d. Paradoxical intention 2 points Question 38 1. Which child is most likely to demand center stage, tends to have difficulties in life when he or she is no longer the center of attention, and is likely to become dependently tied to the mother? 2a. Middle child b. Second child c. Only child d. Oldest child 2 points Question 39 1. According to Adlerians, inferiority feelings: a. create motivation to achieve mastery. b. lead to depression. c. are pathological. d. keep us from achieving our life goals. 2 points Question 40 1. Which of the statements below about social interest is true? 2a. Adler believed most people to be incapable of developing social interest even though it was something to which they should aspire. b. The concept of social interest was originally introduced by Freud, and Adler incorporated it into his theory. c. In his later years, Adler recanted his beliefs about social interest and focused on addressing unconscious dynamics as the key to mental health. d. While Adler considered social interest to be innate, he also believed that it must be learned, developed, and used. 2 points Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers.