EDF 6437 Single case design
Exam 1 Comprehensive
Questions (Frequently Most
Tested) with Verified Answers
True Experimental Research - Answer: Uses experimental design to measure the effect of manipulating
one variable (IV) on another variable (DV) Controlling and minimizing threats to internal validity without
losing the intent of the study.
Independent Variable (IV) - Answer: Particular aspect of the environment that the experimenter
manipulates in order to determine its effect on behavior.
Empirical Research - Answer: systematic intentional inquiry involving collection, analysis, and
interpretation of data.• Data can be qualitative or quantitative• Hypothesis is posed, variables
manipulated, data collected and analyzed.• Not opinion based
Dependent variable - Answer: Behavior you are targeting ( Outcome measure/Target Behavior)
How is research shared: - Answer: Articles- Empirical Studies- Literature Reviews- Theoretical Articles-
Methodological Articles-Case Studies
Single Case Design - Answer: experimental control within a single participant
What is an experiment? - Answer: Method used to answer questions.• Differs from common sense and
logical-based approaches• Systematic testing of assumptions
what is Thorndike known for - Answer: Thorndike (1898)- Law of effect, learning of new behaviors
Components of an Experiment - Answer: Plan (method) or arranging and measuring
independent/dependent variables, Results are analyzed Results are publicly reported
, Assumptions of Experimentation - Answer: 1. Correlation does not equal causation!!!!!
2. Events have identified causes.
3. Behavior is a function of its consequences.
Empiricism - Answer: Making objective observations• Manipulating one variable at a time• Holding
other variables constant• Recording findings• Replicating results
Experimental Control - Answer: Requires the experimenter to demonstrate a functional
relation between behavior and environment.
• It may happen naturally but experimental control is
achieved when the experimenter creates the opportunity
for "it" to happen
• A predictable change in behavior (dependent variable)
• Reliably produced by the systematic manipulation of
some aspect of the person's environment (independent
variabl
establishing experimental control setting - Answer: "Control the environment and you will see order in
behavior." (Skinner, 1967,
p.399)
- Control two sets of environmental variables to demonstrate experimental control
- Independent variable
Presenting, withdrawing, or varying its value
- Extraneous variables
Prevent unplanned environmental variatio
Essentials for Experimental Control - Answer: Internal Validity
• Control of confounding variables
• Manipulate the independent variable while holding other
Exam 1 Comprehensive
Questions (Frequently Most
Tested) with Verified Answers
True Experimental Research - Answer: Uses experimental design to measure the effect of manipulating
one variable (IV) on another variable (DV) Controlling and minimizing threats to internal validity without
losing the intent of the study.
Independent Variable (IV) - Answer: Particular aspect of the environment that the experimenter
manipulates in order to determine its effect on behavior.
Empirical Research - Answer: systematic intentional inquiry involving collection, analysis, and
interpretation of data.• Data can be qualitative or quantitative• Hypothesis is posed, variables
manipulated, data collected and analyzed.• Not opinion based
Dependent variable - Answer: Behavior you are targeting ( Outcome measure/Target Behavior)
How is research shared: - Answer: Articles- Empirical Studies- Literature Reviews- Theoretical Articles-
Methodological Articles-Case Studies
Single Case Design - Answer: experimental control within a single participant
What is an experiment? - Answer: Method used to answer questions.• Differs from common sense and
logical-based approaches• Systematic testing of assumptions
what is Thorndike known for - Answer: Thorndike (1898)- Law of effect, learning of new behaviors
Components of an Experiment - Answer: Plan (method) or arranging and measuring
independent/dependent variables, Results are analyzed Results are publicly reported
, Assumptions of Experimentation - Answer: 1. Correlation does not equal causation!!!!!
2. Events have identified causes.
3. Behavior is a function of its consequences.
Empiricism - Answer: Making objective observations• Manipulating one variable at a time• Holding
other variables constant• Recording findings• Replicating results
Experimental Control - Answer: Requires the experimenter to demonstrate a functional
relation between behavior and environment.
• It may happen naturally but experimental control is
achieved when the experimenter creates the opportunity
for "it" to happen
• A predictable change in behavior (dependent variable)
• Reliably produced by the systematic manipulation of
some aspect of the person's environment (independent
variabl
establishing experimental control setting - Answer: "Control the environment and you will see order in
behavior." (Skinner, 1967,
p.399)
- Control two sets of environmental variables to demonstrate experimental control
- Independent variable
Presenting, withdrawing, or varying its value
- Extraneous variables
Prevent unplanned environmental variatio
Essentials for Experimental Control - Answer: Internal Validity
• Control of confounding variables
• Manipulate the independent variable while holding other
