TEST BANK FOR MCCANCE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION(CONSISTS OF ALL CHAPTERS 1- 50 )ALL QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWER SOLUTIONS

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY3f8TH3fEDITION3fMCCANCE3fTEST3fBA
NK




Chapter3f1:3fCellular3fBiology


MULTIPLE3fCHOICE

1. Which3fstatement3fbest3fdescribes3fthe3fcellular3ffunction3fof3fmetabolic3fabsorption?
a. Cells3fcan3fproduce3fproteins. c. Cells3fcan3ftake3fin3fand3fuse3fnutrients.
b. Cells3fcan3fsecrete3fdigestive3fenzymes. d. Cells3fcan3fsynthesize3ffats.
ANS:3 f C
In3fmetabolic3fabsorption,3fall3fcells3ftake3fin3fand3fuse3fnutrients3fand3fother3fsubstances3ffr
om3ftheirsurroundings.3fThe3fremaining3foptions3fare3fnot3finclusive3fin3ftheir3fdescription
s3fof3fcellular3fmetabolic3fabsorption.

PTS: 1 REF: Page3f2

2. Most3fof3fa3fcell’s3fgenetic3finformation,3fincluding3fRNA3fand3fDNA,3fis3fcontained3fin3fthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. Lysosome
ANS:3 f C
The3fnucleus3fcontains3fthe3fnucleolus,3fa3fsmall3fdense3fstructure3fcomposed3flargely3fof3f
ANS:3 f
D




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, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY3f8TH3fEDITION3fMCCANCE3fTEST3fBA
RNA,3fmost3fof NK
3fthe3fcellular3fDNA,3fand3fthe3fDNA-
binding3fproteins,3fsuch3fas3fthe3fhistones,3fwhich3fregulate3fits3factivity.3fThe3fother3foptio
ns3fdo3fnot3fcontain3fmost3fof3fa3fcell’s3fgenetic3finformation.

PTS: 1 REF: Page3f2

3. Which3fcomponent3fof3fthe3fcell3fprodNuUceRsSIhNyGd TroBg. CenO M
p eroxide 3f(H2O2)3fby3fusing3f
oxygen3fto3fremove3fhydrogen3fatoms3ffrom3fspecific3fsubstrates3fin3fan3foxidative3fre
action?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:3 f B
Peroxisomes3fare3fso3fnamed3fbecause3fthey3fusually3fcontain3fenzymes3fthat3fuse3foxygen3ft
o3fremove3fhydrogen3fatoms3ffrom3fspecific3fsubstrates3fin3fan3foxidative3freaction3fthat3fpro
duces3fH2O2,3fwhich3fis3fa3fpowerful3foxidant3fand3fpotentially3fdestructive3fif3fit3faccumulat
es3for3fescapes3ffrom3fperoxisomes.3fRibosomes3fare3fRNA-
protein3fcomplexes3f(nucleoproteins)3fthat3fare3fsynthesized3fin3fthe3fnucleolus3fand3fsecrete
d3finto3fthe3fcytoplasm3fthrough3fpores3fin3fthe3fnuclear3fenvelope3fcalled3fnuclear3fpore3fco
mplexes.3fLysosomes3fare3fsaclike3fstructures3fthat3foriginate3ffrom3fthe3fGolgi3fcomplex3fa
nd3fcontain3fmore3fthan3f403fdigestive3fenzymes3fcalled3fhydrolases,3fwhich3fcatalyze3fbond
s3fin3fproteins,3flipids,3fnucleic3facids,3fand3fcarbohydrates.
Oxyhydrosomes are3finvolved3fin3fenzyme3fproduction.
ǹ




PTS: 1 REF: Page3f8

4. Which3fcell3fcomponent3fis3fcapable3fof3fcellular3fautodigestion3fwhen3fit3fis3freleased3f
during3fcellinjury?
a. Ribosome c. Smooth3fendoplasmic3freticulum
b. Golgi3fcomplex d. Lysosomes




ANS:3 f
D




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The3flysosomal3fmembrane3facts3fas3fa3fprotective3fshield3fbetween3fthe3fpowerful3fdigesti
ve3fenzymes3fwithin3fthe3flysosome3fand3fthe3fcytoplasm,3fpreventing3ftheir3fleakage3finto3
fthe3fcytoplasmic3fmatrix.3fDisruption3fof3fthe3fmembrane3fby3fvarious3ftreatments3for3fcell
ular3finjury3fleads3fto3fa3frelease3fof3fthe3flysosomal3fenzymes,3fwhich3fcan3fthen3freact3fwit
h3ftheir3fspecific3fsubstrates,3fcausing3fcellular3fself-
digestion.3fThe3fother3foptions3fdo3fnot3fcorrectly3fdescribe3fthisprocess.

PTS: 1 REF: Pages3f7-8

5. What3fis3fthe3fsequence3fof3fsteps3fin3fthe3fdevelopment3fof3fa3fdigestive3fenzyme
by3fthe3fpancreascells3ffrom3fthe3finitial3ftranscription3fto3fthe3frelease3ffrom3fth
3f
e3fcell?
a. The3fenzyme3fis3ftranscribed3ffrom3fDNA3fby3fRNA3fin3fthe3fnucleus,3fproce
eds3fto3fthe ribosome3ffor3fsynthesis,3fand3fis3ftransported3fin3fa3fsecretory3fv
ǹ



esicle3fto3fthe3fcell3fmembrane.
b. The3fenzyme3fis3ftranscribed3ffrom3fRNA3fby3fDNA3fin3fthe3fnucleus,3fproceeds3
fto3fthe3flysosome3ffor3fsynthesis,3fand3fis3ftransported3fin3fan3fencapsulated3fme
mbrane3fto3fthe3fcellmembrane.
c. The3fenzyme3fis3ftranscribed3fby3fthe3fmitochondria3fin3fthe3fnucleus,3fproceeds3
fto3fthe3fribosome3ffor3fsynthesis,3fand3fis3ftransported3fin3fa3fcytoskeleton3fto3ft
he3fcell3fmembrane.
d. The3fenzyme3fis3ftranscribed3ffrom3fDNA3fby3fRNA3fin3fthe3fnucleus,3fproceeds
3fto3fthe3fGolgi3fcomplex3ffor3fsynthesis,3fand3fis3ftransported3fin3fa3fcytosol3fto3f
the3fcell3fmembrane.
ANS:3 f A
The3fenzyme3fis3ftranscribed3ffrom3fDNA3fby3fRNA3fin3fthe3fnucleus,3fproceeds3fto3fthe3fri
bosomefor3fsynthesis,3fand3fis3ftransported3fin3fa3fsecretory3fvesicle3fto3fthe3fcell3fmembran
ǹ



e.3fThe3fother3foptions3fdo3fnot3fcorrectly3fdescribe3fthis3fprocess.
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PTS: 1 REF: Page3f73f|3fFigure3f1-5

6. During3fwhich3fphase3fof3fthe3fcell3fcycle3fis3fDNA3fsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. M
ANS:3 f B
The3ffour3fdesignated3fphases3fof3fthe3fcell3fcycle3fare:3f(1)3fthe3fG13 f phase3f(G3f=3fgap),3fw
hich3fis3fthe3fperiod3fbetween3fthe3fM3fphase3f(M3f=3fmitosis)3fand3fthe3fstart3fof3fDNA3fsyn
thesis;3f(2)3fthe3fS3fphase(S3f=3fsynthesis),3fduring3fwhich3fDNA3fis3fsynthesized3fin3fthe3fc
ell3fnucleus;3f(3)3fthe3fG23 f phase,3fduring3fwhich3fRNA3fand3fprotein3fsynthesis3foccurs,3ft
he3fperiod3fbetween3fthe3fcompletion3fof3fDNA3fsynthesis3fand3fthe3fnext3fphase3f(M);3fand
3f(4)3fthe3fM3fphase,3fwhich3fincludes3fnuclear3fand3fcytoplasmic3fdivision.


PTS: 1 REF: Page3f37

7. What3forganic3fcompound3ffacilitates3ftransportation3facross3fcell3fmembranes3fby3fact
ing3fasreceptors,3ftransport3fchannels3ffor3felectrolytes,3fand3fenzymes3fto3fdrive3factiv
e3fpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d. Carbohydrates
ANS:3 f C



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, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY3f8TH3fEDITION3fMCCANCE3fTEST3fBA
NK
Proteins3fact3fas3f(1)3frecognition3fand3fbinding3funits3f(receptors)3ffor3fsubstances3fmoving
3fin3fand out 3fof3fthe3fcell;3f(2)3fpores3for3ftransport3fchannels3ffor3fvarious3felectrically3fcha
`n



rged3fparticles3fcalled3fions3for3felectrolytes3fand3fspecific3fcarriers3ffor3famino3facids3fand3
fmonosaccharides;3fand
(3)3fspecific3fenzymes3fthat3fdrive3factive3fpumps3fthat3fpromote3fthe3fconcentration3fof3fc
ertainions,3fparticularly3fpotassium3f(K+),3fwithin3fthe3fcell3fwhile3fkeeping3fconcentration
ǹ



s3fof3fotherions,3ffor3fexample,3fsodium3f(Na+),3fbelow3fthe3fconcentrations3ffound3fin3fthe
3fextracellular3fenvironment.3fThe3fother3foptions3fdo3fnot3fcorrectly3fdescribe3fthis3fproce
ss.

PTS: 1 REF: Page3f133f|3fPage3f15

8. Understanding3fthe3fvarious3fsteps3fof3fproteolytic3fcascades,3fsuch3fas3fcaspase-
mediated3fapoptosis3fand3fcomplement3fcascades,3fmay3fbe3fuseful3fin3fdesigning3fd
rug3ftherapy3ffor3fwhichhuman3fdiseases?
a. Cardiac3fand3fvascular3fdisorders
b. Autoimmune3fand3fmalignant3fdisorders
c. Gastrointestinal3fand3frenal3fdisorders
d. Endocrine3fand3fgastrointestinal3fdisorders
ANS:3 f B
Understanding3fthe3fvarious3fsteps3finvolved3fin3fthis3fprocess3fis3fcrucial3ffor3fdesigning3fd
rug3finterventions.3fDysregulation3fof3fproteases3ffeatures3fprominently3fin3fmany3fhuman3
fdiseases,including3fcancer,3fautoimmunity,3fand3fneurodegenerative3fdisorders.3fThe3foth
er3foptions3fdo not 3fcorrectly3fdescribe3fthis3fprocess.
`n




PTS: 1 REF: Page3f15

9. Which3fstructure3fprevents3fwater-
soluble3fmolecules3ffrom3fentering3fcells3facross3fthe3fplasma3f
membrane?
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a. Carbohydrate3fchains c. Membrane3fchannel3fproteins
b. Glycoprotein3fchannels d. Lipid3fbilayer
ANS:3 f D
The3fbilayer’s3fstructure3faccounts3ffor3fone3fof3fthe3fessential3ffunctions3fof3fthe3fplasma3f
membrane.3fIt3fis3fimpermeable3fto3fmost3fwater-
soluble3fmolecules3f(molecules3fthat3fdissolve3finwater)3fbecause3fthe3fwater-
soluble3fmolecules3fare3finsoluble3fin3fthe3foily3fcore3fregion.3fThe3fbilayer3fserves3fas3fa3fb
arrier3fto3fthe3fdiffusion3fof3fwater3fand3fhydrophilic3fsubstances3fwhile3fallowing3flipid-
soluble3fmolecules,3fsuch3fas3foxygen3f(O2)3fand3fcarbon3fdioxide3f(CO2),3fto3fdiffuse3fthro
ugh3fit3freadily.3fThe3fother3foptions3fdo3fnot3fcorrectly3fdescribe3fthis3fprocess.

PTS: 1 REF: Pages3f12-13

10. The3ffluid3fmosaic3fmodel3fexplains:
a. How3fa3fcell3fmembrane3f functions
b. Why3four3fbodies3fappear3fto3fbe3fsolid
c. How3ftissue3fis3fdifferentiated
d. How3ffluid3fmoves3fbetween3fthe3fintracellular3fand3fextracellular3fcompartments

ANS:3 f A
The3ffluid3fmosaic3fmodel3faccounts3ffor3fthe3fflexibility3fof3fcellular3fmembranes,
3ftheir3fself-
sealing3fproperties,3fand3ftheir3fimpermeability3fto3fmany3fsubstances.3fThe3frem

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