NUR 326 Final Exam
A charge nurse is teaching a group of nurses about conditions
related to metabolic acidosis. Which of the following statements
by a unit nurse indicates the teaching has been effective?
A. "Metabolic acidosis can occur due to diabetic ketoacidosis."
B. "Metabolic acidosis can occur in a client who has myasthenia
gravis."
C. "Metabolic acidosis can occur in a client who has asthma."
D. "Metabolic acidosis can occur due to cancer." Correct
Answers A (Metabolic acidosis results from an excess
production of hydrogen ions, which occurs in diabetic
ketoacidosis.)
A client is admitted to the ED with a diagnosis of respiratory
alkalosis. The nurse recognizes a symptom of this acid base
imbalance is:
A. Nausea
B. Kussmaul Respirations
C. Hyperventilation
D. Bradycardia Correct Answers C (Respiratory alkalosis
occurs when the levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the
blood are not balanced.
The body needs oxygen to function properly. On inhalation,
oxygen is introduced into the lungs. On exhalation, carbon
dioxide is released, which is a waste product. Normally, the
respiratory system keeps these two gases in balance.)
A client with diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital
complaining of lethargy, weakness, headache, nausea and
,vomiting. Arterial blood gases are ordered. The nurse suspects
the lab result will confirm:
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Metabolic Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Respiratory Alkalosis Correct Answers A (The major acid
base imbalance associated with diabetes is metabolic acidosis)
A nurse educator is reviewing the wound healing process with a
group of nurses. The nurse educator should include in the
information which of the following alterations for wound
healing by secondary intention? (select all that apply.)
A. stage III pressure ulcer
B. sutured surgical incision
C. casted bone fracture
D. laceration sealed with adhesive
E. open burn area Correct Answers A E
A nurse educator is reviewing with a newly hired nurse the
difference in manifestations of a localized versus a systemic
infection. The nurse indicates understanding when she states that
which of the following are manifestations of a systemic
infection? (Select all that apply.)
a. Fever
b. Malaise
c. Edema
d. Pain or tenderness
e. Increase in pulse and respiratory rate Correct Answers A B E
(A fever indicates that the infection is affecting the whole body,
,and therefore systemic. Malaise indicates that the infection is
affecting the whole body, and therefore systemic. edema is a
localized manifestation indicating a localized, not systemic,
infection. Pain and tenderness is a localized manifestation
indicating a localized, not systemic, infection. An increase in
pulse and respiratory rate indicates that the infection is affecting
the whole body, and therefore systemic.)
A nurse in a clinic is teaching a client who has ulcerative colitis.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates
understanding of the teaching?
a. "I will plan to limit fiber in my diet."
b. "I will restrict fluid intake during meals."
c. "I will switch to black tea instead of drinking coffee."
d. "I will try to eat three moderate to large meals a day." Correct
Answers A
(A. CORRECT: A low-fiber diet is recommended for the client
who has ulcerative colitis to reduce inflammation.
B. A client who has dumping syndrome should avoid fluids with
meals.
C. Caffeine can increase diarrhea and cramping. The client
should avoid caffeinated beverages, such as black tea.
D. Small, frequent meals are recommended for the client who
has ulcerative colitis.)
, A nurse is assessing a client for manifestations of Parkinson's
disease. Which of the following are expected findings? (Select
all that apply.)
a. Decreased vision
b. Pill-rolling tremor of the fingers
c. Shuffling gait
d. Drooling
e. Bilateral ankle edema
f. Lack of facial expression Correct Answers B C D F
A. Decreased vision is not an expected finding in a client who
has PD.
B. CORRECT: The client who has PD can manifest pill-rolling
tremors of the fingers due to overstimulation of the basal ganglia
by acetylcholine, making controlled movement difficult.
C. CORRECT: The client who has PD can manifest shuffling
gait because of overstimulation of the basal ganglia by
acetylcholine, making controlled movement difficult.
D. CORRECT: The client who has PD can manifest drooling
because of overstimulation of the basal ganglia by acetylcholine,
making the controlled movement of swallowing secretions
difficult.
E. Bilateral ankle edema is not an expected finding in a client
who has PD, but can be an adverse effect of certain medications
used for treatment.
F. CORRECT: The client who has PD can manifest a lack of
facial expressions due to overstimulation of the basal ganglia by
acetylcholine, making controlled movement difficult.
A nurse is assessing a client in an inpatient mental health unit.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect if the
A charge nurse is teaching a group of nurses about conditions
related to metabolic acidosis. Which of the following statements
by a unit nurse indicates the teaching has been effective?
A. "Metabolic acidosis can occur due to diabetic ketoacidosis."
B. "Metabolic acidosis can occur in a client who has myasthenia
gravis."
C. "Metabolic acidosis can occur in a client who has asthma."
D. "Metabolic acidosis can occur due to cancer." Correct
Answers A (Metabolic acidosis results from an excess
production of hydrogen ions, which occurs in diabetic
ketoacidosis.)
A client is admitted to the ED with a diagnosis of respiratory
alkalosis. The nurse recognizes a symptom of this acid base
imbalance is:
A. Nausea
B. Kussmaul Respirations
C. Hyperventilation
D. Bradycardia Correct Answers C (Respiratory alkalosis
occurs when the levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the
blood are not balanced.
The body needs oxygen to function properly. On inhalation,
oxygen is introduced into the lungs. On exhalation, carbon
dioxide is released, which is a waste product. Normally, the
respiratory system keeps these two gases in balance.)
A client with diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital
complaining of lethargy, weakness, headache, nausea and
,vomiting. Arterial blood gases are ordered. The nurse suspects
the lab result will confirm:
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Metabolic Alkalosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis
D. Respiratory Alkalosis Correct Answers A (The major acid
base imbalance associated with diabetes is metabolic acidosis)
A nurse educator is reviewing the wound healing process with a
group of nurses. The nurse educator should include in the
information which of the following alterations for wound
healing by secondary intention? (select all that apply.)
A. stage III pressure ulcer
B. sutured surgical incision
C. casted bone fracture
D. laceration sealed with adhesive
E. open burn area Correct Answers A E
A nurse educator is reviewing with a newly hired nurse the
difference in manifestations of a localized versus a systemic
infection. The nurse indicates understanding when she states that
which of the following are manifestations of a systemic
infection? (Select all that apply.)
a. Fever
b. Malaise
c. Edema
d. Pain or tenderness
e. Increase in pulse and respiratory rate Correct Answers A B E
(A fever indicates that the infection is affecting the whole body,
,and therefore systemic. Malaise indicates that the infection is
affecting the whole body, and therefore systemic. edema is a
localized manifestation indicating a localized, not systemic,
infection. Pain and tenderness is a localized manifestation
indicating a localized, not systemic, infection. An increase in
pulse and respiratory rate indicates that the infection is affecting
the whole body, and therefore systemic.)
A nurse in a clinic is teaching a client who has ulcerative colitis.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates
understanding of the teaching?
a. "I will plan to limit fiber in my diet."
b. "I will restrict fluid intake during meals."
c. "I will switch to black tea instead of drinking coffee."
d. "I will try to eat three moderate to large meals a day." Correct
Answers A
(A. CORRECT: A low-fiber diet is recommended for the client
who has ulcerative colitis to reduce inflammation.
B. A client who has dumping syndrome should avoid fluids with
meals.
C. Caffeine can increase diarrhea and cramping. The client
should avoid caffeinated beverages, such as black tea.
D. Small, frequent meals are recommended for the client who
has ulcerative colitis.)
, A nurse is assessing a client for manifestations of Parkinson's
disease. Which of the following are expected findings? (Select
all that apply.)
a. Decreased vision
b. Pill-rolling tremor of the fingers
c. Shuffling gait
d. Drooling
e. Bilateral ankle edema
f. Lack of facial expression Correct Answers B C D F
A. Decreased vision is not an expected finding in a client who
has PD.
B. CORRECT: The client who has PD can manifest pill-rolling
tremors of the fingers due to overstimulation of the basal ganglia
by acetylcholine, making controlled movement difficult.
C. CORRECT: The client who has PD can manifest shuffling
gait because of overstimulation of the basal ganglia by
acetylcholine, making controlled movement difficult.
D. CORRECT: The client who has PD can manifest drooling
because of overstimulation of the basal ganglia by acetylcholine,
making the controlled movement of swallowing secretions
difficult.
E. Bilateral ankle edema is not an expected finding in a client
who has PD, but can be an adverse effect of certain medications
used for treatment.
F. CORRECT: The client who has PD can manifest a lack of
facial expressions due to overstimulation of the basal ganglia by
acetylcholine, making controlled movement difficult.
A nurse is assessing a client in an inpatient mental health unit.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect if the
