Mosun Daboiku D000621 Centre Number;33711
M3
The 'communication cycle' is a theory that was made by Michael Argyle. This theory is based on five
communication ideas. The first stage is when the idea. This involves thinking something like a
specific subject. You intend on telling somebody one thing a couple of specific subjects. This means
talking about something that you are thinking about. The second stage is that the coding of the
message. This stage allows the message to be shared. The idea is converted into a way it can be
communicated. The 2 communications designs, verbal and non-verbal are thought of. The third step
involves sending the message. This stage is for the sending of the encoded message to another
person. The individuals will receive the message verbally, within the written kind, or in a sign
language among different communication ways. The fourth stage is the message obtaining received
by the other person. This implies the recipient should be able to receive the sent message. He should
be in touch and aware of the medium getting used. If the message is sent through text, the receiver
should be able to see the text. The fifth step involves decoding the message. Decoding is achieved by
creating assumptions to do with what is contained within the message. The last stage is
understanding the message. Once the person receives and decodes the message, he should now the
message.
Bruce Tuckman’s theory of group interaction
Tuckman’s model consists of 5 stages: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing and Adjourning
(added in 1977). The first stage is forming. This is when the group getting to know each other and
the task they have to complete. A leader is needed at this stage to help the team know the tasks, the
roles of the team members and their responsibility. Th second stage is storming. The team are more
familiar with themselves and can start to push boundaries. This can result in disagreements within
the group because of different characters and different working attitudes within the group. If the
differences are not worked out and are not solved, this can affect individual and team performances.
To avoid this the team must come to together to solve their misunderstandings in any way. The third
stage its norming. This is where plan is made, during this time ideas can be made, or some ideas
made by team members have to be let go. Team members can start trusting each other, helping
each other, and also asking for help from others. There can still be elements of storming when they
team are stressed. The fourth stage is performing. When the ideas, roles and responsibilities are
established and clear, the team start to perform. When the team start to perform well, minimal
supervision is needed. By this time conflicts are mostly solved, and all team members are working
with a way that suit all of them, resulting in a high-performing team. Adjourning is the final stage.
This is where the task or project is ending, some people refer to this stage as mourning because
team members might have grown close but now their experience is ending.
Gerard Egan’s SOLER theory
The SOLER theory was made by Gerard Egan in 1986. He believes that non-verbal communication
can massively improve communication and the effectiveness of it between individuals. This
technique helps health professionals with non-verbal communication. It helps professionals know
how to make service users feel happy and comfortable whilst communicating with service providers.
SOLER stands for Sit Squarely, Open, Lean, Maintain, Relax. Sitting squarely is the first stage of the
SOLER theory S - Sit with attention at an angle. It is necessary to take a seat paying attention at an
angle to the person who uses the service. This means that you just will look at the person directly
and shows that you are listening to the person sitting beside you which you are showing interest.
The O stands for - Open posture It is vital for a professional to have an open posture. this implies not
sitting or standing together with your arms folded across your chest as this could sometimes signal
1
, Mosun Daboiku D000621 Centre Number;33711
that you simply are defensive or that you are anxious. If a practitioner has an open posture the
person is also more inclined to elaborate on their problems. The L stands for - Leaning forward. It is
important that practitioners lean forward towards the person using the service. This shows that you
simply have an interest in what the person is talking about. it is additionally possible that the person
could also be talking about personal problems and so, might speak in a lower or quieter tone of
voice. also, you might want to convey a message in a very lower or quieter tone of voice if you are
sitting in a public place. The E stands for - Eye contact is very important as this demonstrates that
practitioners have an interest and focused on the message that the person service user the service is
showing. You can also develop a sense of the person’s emotion by creating eye contact, therefore,
allowing you to see the extent to that the person might be experiencing problems. The R stands for -
Relaxed body language is important to have a relaxed body language as this shows to the service
user that you do not seem to be in a rush. this can help the person to develop their responses to
questions in their own time.
Review the effectiveness of communication skills used during interactions
In my one to one interaction, I had a conversation with the pregnant woman, and I felt that I was
nervous because of my shyness but I tried to not show it. I showed aspects of active listening; I
allowed her to speak and I waited my turn to speak, I smiled and nodded to show that I understood
and agreed with what she was saying, I tried to maintain eye contact and not get distracted although
there were a lot of things going around us. During my conversation with the patient I sat almost
beside her but at a 90° angle, we tried to maintain eye contact as much as we could but in her
condition, it was hard to move and there was people around me so I couldn’t move my chair
opposite her. This might have given her the impression that I did not care for what she had to say.
In my group interaction I was sat opposite the interpreter and the patient. This allowed me to
maintain appropriate eye contact with hem and also allowed them to see my facial expressions, to
show interest in what they were saying. I shared eye contact in between between both the
interpreter and the patient. I was sat with my hands on my chair and not crossed on my chest. I did
this to be open and seem more approachable.
D1 – Justify the use of reflective practice to ensure interactions build positive relationships in
health, social care or child care environments.
What is reflective practise?
Reflective practise is a way of reviewing your own way of doing things and experiences to help you
improve the way you carry out certain things. It is beneficial for health professionals, because this
can help them keep learning and improving throughout their career. Reflecting is a good way to
increase the quality of care that is given. Gibb’s reflective cycle is a model for reflection. It includes 6
stages. The first stage is description. This is describing what happened during the experience or in
this case the interaction. Here is where you describe what happened in full detail. Questions that can
help you in the description stage are what happened? Where and when did it happen? Who was
present? The next stage is is feelings and this is where you explore feelings that you had during the
interaction and also how they might have impacted it. Questions that can help you during this stage
can be how were you feeling before, during and after the interaction? What do you think other
people thinking and feeling during the interaction? What do you think of the interaction now?
Evaluation is the next stage. Evaluation is where you try to be as objective and honest about the
interaction as possible. You have to look at both the positive and the negatives of the interaction.
Helpful questions include what was good and bad about the interaction? What went well? What did
2
M3
The 'communication cycle' is a theory that was made by Michael Argyle. This theory is based on five
communication ideas. The first stage is when the idea. This involves thinking something like a
specific subject. You intend on telling somebody one thing a couple of specific subjects. This means
talking about something that you are thinking about. The second stage is that the coding of the
message. This stage allows the message to be shared. The idea is converted into a way it can be
communicated. The 2 communications designs, verbal and non-verbal are thought of. The third step
involves sending the message. This stage is for the sending of the encoded message to another
person. The individuals will receive the message verbally, within the written kind, or in a sign
language among different communication ways. The fourth stage is the message obtaining received
by the other person. This implies the recipient should be able to receive the sent message. He should
be in touch and aware of the medium getting used. If the message is sent through text, the receiver
should be able to see the text. The fifth step involves decoding the message. Decoding is achieved by
creating assumptions to do with what is contained within the message. The last stage is
understanding the message. Once the person receives and decodes the message, he should now the
message.
Bruce Tuckman’s theory of group interaction
Tuckman’s model consists of 5 stages: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing and Adjourning
(added in 1977). The first stage is forming. This is when the group getting to know each other and
the task they have to complete. A leader is needed at this stage to help the team know the tasks, the
roles of the team members and their responsibility. Th second stage is storming. The team are more
familiar with themselves and can start to push boundaries. This can result in disagreements within
the group because of different characters and different working attitudes within the group. If the
differences are not worked out and are not solved, this can affect individual and team performances.
To avoid this the team must come to together to solve their misunderstandings in any way. The third
stage its norming. This is where plan is made, during this time ideas can be made, or some ideas
made by team members have to be let go. Team members can start trusting each other, helping
each other, and also asking for help from others. There can still be elements of storming when they
team are stressed. The fourth stage is performing. When the ideas, roles and responsibilities are
established and clear, the team start to perform. When the team start to perform well, minimal
supervision is needed. By this time conflicts are mostly solved, and all team members are working
with a way that suit all of them, resulting in a high-performing team. Adjourning is the final stage.
This is where the task or project is ending, some people refer to this stage as mourning because
team members might have grown close but now their experience is ending.
Gerard Egan’s SOLER theory
The SOLER theory was made by Gerard Egan in 1986. He believes that non-verbal communication
can massively improve communication and the effectiveness of it between individuals. This
technique helps health professionals with non-verbal communication. It helps professionals know
how to make service users feel happy and comfortable whilst communicating with service providers.
SOLER stands for Sit Squarely, Open, Lean, Maintain, Relax. Sitting squarely is the first stage of the
SOLER theory S - Sit with attention at an angle. It is necessary to take a seat paying attention at an
angle to the person who uses the service. This means that you just will look at the person directly
and shows that you are listening to the person sitting beside you which you are showing interest.
The O stands for - Open posture It is vital for a professional to have an open posture. this implies not
sitting or standing together with your arms folded across your chest as this could sometimes signal
1
, Mosun Daboiku D000621 Centre Number;33711
that you simply are defensive or that you are anxious. If a practitioner has an open posture the
person is also more inclined to elaborate on their problems. The L stands for - Leaning forward. It is
important that practitioners lean forward towards the person using the service. This shows that you
simply have an interest in what the person is talking about. it is additionally possible that the person
could also be talking about personal problems and so, might speak in a lower or quieter tone of
voice. also, you might want to convey a message in a very lower or quieter tone of voice if you are
sitting in a public place. The E stands for - Eye contact is very important as this demonstrates that
practitioners have an interest and focused on the message that the person service user the service is
showing. You can also develop a sense of the person’s emotion by creating eye contact, therefore,
allowing you to see the extent to that the person might be experiencing problems. The R stands for -
Relaxed body language is important to have a relaxed body language as this shows to the service
user that you do not seem to be in a rush. this can help the person to develop their responses to
questions in their own time.
Review the effectiveness of communication skills used during interactions
In my one to one interaction, I had a conversation with the pregnant woman, and I felt that I was
nervous because of my shyness but I tried to not show it. I showed aspects of active listening; I
allowed her to speak and I waited my turn to speak, I smiled and nodded to show that I understood
and agreed with what she was saying, I tried to maintain eye contact and not get distracted although
there were a lot of things going around us. During my conversation with the patient I sat almost
beside her but at a 90° angle, we tried to maintain eye contact as much as we could but in her
condition, it was hard to move and there was people around me so I couldn’t move my chair
opposite her. This might have given her the impression that I did not care for what she had to say.
In my group interaction I was sat opposite the interpreter and the patient. This allowed me to
maintain appropriate eye contact with hem and also allowed them to see my facial expressions, to
show interest in what they were saying. I shared eye contact in between between both the
interpreter and the patient. I was sat with my hands on my chair and not crossed on my chest. I did
this to be open and seem more approachable.
D1 – Justify the use of reflective practice to ensure interactions build positive relationships in
health, social care or child care environments.
What is reflective practise?
Reflective practise is a way of reviewing your own way of doing things and experiences to help you
improve the way you carry out certain things. It is beneficial for health professionals, because this
can help them keep learning and improving throughout their career. Reflecting is a good way to
increase the quality of care that is given. Gibb’s reflective cycle is a model for reflection. It includes 6
stages. The first stage is description. This is describing what happened during the experience or in
this case the interaction. Here is where you describe what happened in full detail. Questions that can
help you in the description stage are what happened? Where and when did it happen? Who was
present? The next stage is is feelings and this is where you explore feelings that you had during the
interaction and also how they might have impacted it. Questions that can help you during this stage
can be how were you feeling before, during and after the interaction? What do you think other
people thinking and feeling during the interaction? What do you think of the interaction now?
Evaluation is the next stage. Evaluation is where you try to be as objective and honest about the
interaction as possible. You have to look at both the positive and the negatives of the interaction.
Helpful questions include what was good and bad about the interaction? What went well? What did
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