NR 325 Exam #1– Questions With Apposite
Solutions
What is the main feature of DM? Correct Answer -
hyperglycemia
alpha cells Correct Answer - produce glucagon
beta cells Correct Answer - produce insulin
Insulin and Muscle Correct Answer - promotes protein and
glycogen synthesis
Insulin and Fat Cells Correct Answer - promotes triglyceride
storage
Insulin and Liver Correct Answer - promotes production and
storage of glycogen - inhibits glycogen breakdown
Prediabetes Correct Answer - -increased risk for developing
DM
-FBG: 100 - 125 mg/dl
-Hbg A1C: 5.7% - 6.4%
-usually asymptomatic
-control by diet and exercise and possible metformin
Type 1 DM Correct Answer - -beta cell destruction leading to
absolute insulin deficiency
-can also be autoimmune where beta cells are destroyed over time
-can also be associated with a viral infection
-3 P's
Type 2 DM Correct Answer - -secretory deficit
, -insulin deficiency
-insulin resistance
-genetic
-progressive
-pancreas will make less insulin over time and insulin resistance
ocurrs
-many pts. will also have metabolic syndrome (abd. obesity, FBG
>100, HTN, dyslipidemia)
-may be asymptomatic but watch for fatigue and visual blurring
which are usually overlooked
Diagnostics for Prediabetes - FBG Correct Answer - >100
mg/dL
Diagnostics for DM - FBG Correct Answer - >126mg/dL on two
occasions
Diagnostics for DM - Glucose Tolerance Test Correct Answer -
>200 mg/dL
>140 = impaired
Diagnostics for DM - Glycosylated Hemoglobin Correct Answer -
->6.5%
-8% = poor control
Reduction of Hgb A1C Correct Answer - 1% reduction
decreased risk of kidney and eye complications by 35%
Fasting State Normal Correct Answer - -when the stomach is
empty, plasma glucose is maintained b/w 70 - 100 mg/dL
incretin hormones Correct Answer - -secreted in response to
presence of food in the stomach
-increases insulin secretion
Solutions
What is the main feature of DM? Correct Answer -
hyperglycemia
alpha cells Correct Answer - produce glucagon
beta cells Correct Answer - produce insulin
Insulin and Muscle Correct Answer - promotes protein and
glycogen synthesis
Insulin and Fat Cells Correct Answer - promotes triglyceride
storage
Insulin and Liver Correct Answer - promotes production and
storage of glycogen - inhibits glycogen breakdown
Prediabetes Correct Answer - -increased risk for developing
DM
-FBG: 100 - 125 mg/dl
-Hbg A1C: 5.7% - 6.4%
-usually asymptomatic
-control by diet and exercise and possible metformin
Type 1 DM Correct Answer - -beta cell destruction leading to
absolute insulin deficiency
-can also be autoimmune where beta cells are destroyed over time
-can also be associated with a viral infection
-3 P's
Type 2 DM Correct Answer - -secretory deficit
, -insulin deficiency
-insulin resistance
-genetic
-progressive
-pancreas will make less insulin over time and insulin resistance
ocurrs
-many pts. will also have metabolic syndrome (abd. obesity, FBG
>100, HTN, dyslipidemia)
-may be asymptomatic but watch for fatigue and visual blurring
which are usually overlooked
Diagnostics for Prediabetes - FBG Correct Answer - >100
mg/dL
Diagnostics for DM - FBG Correct Answer - >126mg/dL on two
occasions
Diagnostics for DM - Glucose Tolerance Test Correct Answer -
>200 mg/dL
>140 = impaired
Diagnostics for DM - Glycosylated Hemoglobin Correct Answer -
->6.5%
-8% = poor control
Reduction of Hgb A1C Correct Answer - 1% reduction
decreased risk of kidney and eye complications by 35%
Fasting State Normal Correct Answer - -when the stomach is
empty, plasma glucose is maintained b/w 70 - 100 mg/dL
incretin hormones Correct Answer - -secreted in response to
presence of food in the stomach
-increases insulin secretion
