WGU C182 Introduction to IT
Information Technology - ANS The technology used in creating, maintaining, and making
information accessible.
IT Professional Roles - ANS Administration and Support
System Administrator - ANS Maintains all aspects of the system including hardware, software,
and programming.
Network Administrator - ANS In charge of all aspects of the computer network
Database Administrator - ANS Focuses on the design, development, and support of database
management systems (DBMSs).
Security Administrator - ANS Installs, configures, and administers firewall security to protect
systems and proactively work to stop intrusions.
Web Administrator - ANS Installs, configures, maintains, secures, and troubleshoots web
severs.
Support IT Professionals - ANS Help desk and training.
Information - ANS Processed data.
DIKW Hierarchy - ANS Defines the transition of data to information to knowledge to wisdom.
(Data Information Knowledge Wisdom)
Data in DIKW - ANS The input directly received by the user (or computer). It is generally not
usable until it has been converted into a relevant form.
Information in DIKW - ANS Having been inferred from data; one or more processes have been
applied to the data to transform it into a more useful form.
Knowledge in DIKW - ANS Information that has been put to use; information placed into a
context. Refined information such that the user of the knowledge is able to call forth only
relevant portions of information when needed.
Wisdom in DIKW - ANS Provides a social setting to knowledge; an understanding of the "why".
Can only come by having both knowledge and experience.
,Information Systems - ANS A collection of data and information used to support the
management of an organization. Also refers to the technical components and human resources
that enable the assembly, storage, and processing of data and the delivery of information. This
has existed for a lot longer than computers.
Characteristics of Quality Data - ANS Relevance - the data being used must apply directly to
the decision being made
Timely - data must be efficient and must be provided in a timely manner
Thorough - the data must be complete
Accurate - data should be captured only once, where possible and should be captured as close
to the point of activity as possible.
Reliable - data should reflect stable and consistent data collection processes across collections
points and over time
IPOS - ANS The Input-Procession-Output-Storage Cycle
Input - ANS Raw data is entered by the user.
Processing - ANS Raw data is organized or structured for usefulness.
Output - ANS Information is output so user can see results.
Storage - ANS Processed information is stored for permanent record.
Computer System - ANS A collection of components that work together to meet the needs of
the user; typically categorized as either hardware, software, networks, or users.
Hardware - ANS Physical components of a computer system which include the system unit and
its components and peripheral devices; tangible aspects of the computer.
Software - ANS Computer programs that tell the computer what to do--how to execute
commands and process information
Network - ANS A collection of computers and resources connected by various media so that
they can communicate with each other.
User - ANS Those who use a computer.
Software Categories - ANS Systems Software and Applications Software
, Evolution of Users - ANS First users were the engineers who built and programmed computers,
then employees who had received specialized training were users, and now today, anyone and
everyone can be a user.
Protocol - ANS Rules provided by which networks communicate with each other.
TCP/IP - ANS Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Most commonly used protocol;
is required of all computers that communicate over the Internet.
Protocol Stack - ANS A collection of protocols. TCP/IP is an example.
Components of a Computer - ANS CPU, Memory and Storage, Peripheral Devices
CPU - ANS Executes programs' instructions and commands various components in the
computer. Referred to as the "chip".
Memory - ANS Stores the programs being executed and the data they are using.
I/O Subsystem - ANS All peripheral devices where long term storage devices are used.
Bus - ANS Permits information to move between each component; electrical channels that
enable communication among the electronic components
System Unit - ANS Critical component of all computer based systems; consists of most of the
hardware the computer needs in order to run; comes in a variety of shapes and sizes.
Internal Components of the System Unit - ANS Case, Internal Bays, Buses, Ports, Hard Drive,
Motherboard, CPU, CPU Cooler, Memory Module (RAM), Power Supply Unit (PSU), Expansion
Slots/Cards
Parts of the CPU - ANS Control Unit (CU) - retrieves the instructions and the raw data that is
input and coordinates or controls the sending of those instructions and data to the ALU
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) - does the actual processing of the data; completing mathematical
calculations and logical operations to process the data and converting the input of the keyboard
text entry to output displayed on the screen
System Clock - ANS Controls the speed at which instructions are processed.
RAM - ANS Stands for Random Access Memory.
It temporarily stores data before it is processed and sent to your screen or printer.
Information Technology - ANS The technology used in creating, maintaining, and making
information accessible.
IT Professional Roles - ANS Administration and Support
System Administrator - ANS Maintains all aspects of the system including hardware, software,
and programming.
Network Administrator - ANS In charge of all aspects of the computer network
Database Administrator - ANS Focuses on the design, development, and support of database
management systems (DBMSs).
Security Administrator - ANS Installs, configures, and administers firewall security to protect
systems and proactively work to stop intrusions.
Web Administrator - ANS Installs, configures, maintains, secures, and troubleshoots web
severs.
Support IT Professionals - ANS Help desk and training.
Information - ANS Processed data.
DIKW Hierarchy - ANS Defines the transition of data to information to knowledge to wisdom.
(Data Information Knowledge Wisdom)
Data in DIKW - ANS The input directly received by the user (or computer). It is generally not
usable until it has been converted into a relevant form.
Information in DIKW - ANS Having been inferred from data; one or more processes have been
applied to the data to transform it into a more useful form.
Knowledge in DIKW - ANS Information that has been put to use; information placed into a
context. Refined information such that the user of the knowledge is able to call forth only
relevant portions of information when needed.
Wisdom in DIKW - ANS Provides a social setting to knowledge; an understanding of the "why".
Can only come by having both knowledge and experience.
,Information Systems - ANS A collection of data and information used to support the
management of an organization. Also refers to the technical components and human resources
that enable the assembly, storage, and processing of data and the delivery of information. This
has existed for a lot longer than computers.
Characteristics of Quality Data - ANS Relevance - the data being used must apply directly to
the decision being made
Timely - data must be efficient and must be provided in a timely manner
Thorough - the data must be complete
Accurate - data should be captured only once, where possible and should be captured as close
to the point of activity as possible.
Reliable - data should reflect stable and consistent data collection processes across collections
points and over time
IPOS - ANS The Input-Procession-Output-Storage Cycle
Input - ANS Raw data is entered by the user.
Processing - ANS Raw data is organized or structured for usefulness.
Output - ANS Information is output so user can see results.
Storage - ANS Processed information is stored for permanent record.
Computer System - ANS A collection of components that work together to meet the needs of
the user; typically categorized as either hardware, software, networks, or users.
Hardware - ANS Physical components of a computer system which include the system unit and
its components and peripheral devices; tangible aspects of the computer.
Software - ANS Computer programs that tell the computer what to do--how to execute
commands and process information
Network - ANS A collection of computers and resources connected by various media so that
they can communicate with each other.
User - ANS Those who use a computer.
Software Categories - ANS Systems Software and Applications Software
, Evolution of Users - ANS First users were the engineers who built and programmed computers,
then employees who had received specialized training were users, and now today, anyone and
everyone can be a user.
Protocol - ANS Rules provided by which networks communicate with each other.
TCP/IP - ANS Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Most commonly used protocol;
is required of all computers that communicate over the Internet.
Protocol Stack - ANS A collection of protocols. TCP/IP is an example.
Components of a Computer - ANS CPU, Memory and Storage, Peripheral Devices
CPU - ANS Executes programs' instructions and commands various components in the
computer. Referred to as the "chip".
Memory - ANS Stores the programs being executed and the data they are using.
I/O Subsystem - ANS All peripheral devices where long term storage devices are used.
Bus - ANS Permits information to move between each component; electrical channels that
enable communication among the electronic components
System Unit - ANS Critical component of all computer based systems; consists of most of the
hardware the computer needs in order to run; comes in a variety of shapes and sizes.
Internal Components of the System Unit - ANS Case, Internal Bays, Buses, Ports, Hard Drive,
Motherboard, CPU, CPU Cooler, Memory Module (RAM), Power Supply Unit (PSU), Expansion
Slots/Cards
Parts of the CPU - ANS Control Unit (CU) - retrieves the instructions and the raw data that is
input and coordinates or controls the sending of those instructions and data to the ALU
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) - does the actual processing of the data; completing mathematical
calculations and logical operations to process the data and converting the input of the keyboard
text entry to output displayed on the screen
System Clock - ANS Controls the speed at which instructions are processed.
RAM - ANS Stands for Random Access Memory.
It temporarily stores data before it is processed and sent to your screen or printer.
