Oxford Cambridge and RSA
End Term Exam
HESI Pharmacology Exit Exam -100% Correct
Verified Answers + Rationales
Time allowed:
A+
* J 2 5 7 0 1 *
INSTRUCTIONS
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If you need extra space use the
lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown.
• Answer all the questions.
• Where appropriate, your answer should be supported with working. Marks might be given
for using a correct method, even if your answer is wrong.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2025/26 [EXAM/T/YD]) 6895596/3
Turn over
,haloperidol/haldol produces what? - ✔✔severe extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) or reactions including tardive dyskinesia
what are EPS - ✔✔movement disorders resulting from effects of anypsychotic drugs on the extrapyramidal motor
system.
what is the extrapyramidal system? - ✔✔same neuronal network whose malfunction is responsible for movement
disorders of parkinson's disease.
early reaction of haloperidol(haldol). - ✔✔acute dystonia, parkinsonism, akathisia/constantly moving/tapping the foot
late haloperidol(haldol) symptoms - ✔✔tardive dyskinesia- the most troubling EPS
what is tardive dyskinesia characterized by? - ✔✔involuntary choreoathetoid (twisting writing wormlike) movements of
the tongue and face. pts may present lip-smacking movements and their tongues may flick out in a fly-catching motion.
earliest manifestation of TD - ✔✔slow worm-like movement of the tongue
what may result with TD - ✔✔malnutrition and weight loss; movements can interfere with chewing, swallowing and
speaking
what may be used to treat EPS? - ✔✔benztropine(cogentin) and diphenhydramine (benadryl)
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors - ✔✔prozac, zoloft, paxil
assessment when using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (prozac, zoloft, paxil) - ✔✔neuromuscular and GI
symptoms
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (prozac, zoloft, paxil) nursing considerations - ✔✔may take 4-6 weeks to see
therapeutic effects. take meds as prescribed. carefully monitor pt for self-harm or suicide. obtain list of all other meds
, what is olanzapine/zyprexa? what is it used to treat? - ✔✔antipsychotic medication that affects chemicals in the brain. it
is used to treat symptoms of psychotic conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (manic depression) in
adults and children who are at least 13 years old. can be used with other antipsychotics or antidepressants
common side effects of zyprexa - ✔✔asthenia, dizziness, drowsiness, extrapyramidal reactions, hyperkinesia, akinesia,
cogwheel rigidity, drug-induced parkinson's disease, dyspepsia, mask-like face, xerostomia, abnormal gait, back pain,
constipation, fever, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, myoclonus and personality disorder
examples of opioids - ✔✔barbiturates (barbital), benzodiazepines (lam/pam), antiepileptics (AEDs), skeletal muscle
relaxants
what is clonazepam/klonopin? what does it treat? - ✔✔anticonvulsant, benzodiazepine to treat panic disorder
SE of clonazepam/klonopin - ✔✔drowsiness, CNS depression, dizziness, nightmares, dry mouth, constipation, weight
gain, withdrawal phenomenon and hang over effect
antidote for benzodiazepines - ✔✔flumazenil/romazicon
DOC for treating alcoholic delirium tremens (DTs) - ✔✔lorazepam (ativan)
what is lorazepam (ativan) used for? - ✔✔anxiety and withdrawal symptoms
lorazepam (ativan) nursing considerations - ✔✔after IV administration keep patient supine for 8 hours and observe
closely
what is penytoin/dilantin used for? - ✔✔to treat seizures
therapeutic plasma levels - ✔✔10-20 mcg/ml
plasma levels above 20mcg/ml - ✔✔toxicity; nystagmus (back and forth movements of the eyes), ataxia (staggering
gait), diplopia (double vision) and cognitive impairment- suicidal thoughts. EPS
side effects of phenytoin/dilantin - ✔✔gingival hyperplasia- teach good oral hygiene including flassing and gum
massage. measles-like rash, hirsutism, stevens johnsons or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) especially in pts of asian
decent with genetic mutation HLA-B*1502.
End Term Exam
HESI Pharmacology Exit Exam -100% Correct
Verified Answers + Rationales
Time allowed:
A+
* J 2 5 7 0 1 *
INSTRUCTIONS
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If you need extra space use the
lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown.
• Answer all the questions.
• Where appropriate, your answer should be supported with working. Marks might be given
for using a correct method, even if your answer is wrong.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2025/26 [EXAM/T/YD]) 6895596/3
Turn over
,haloperidol/haldol produces what? - ✔✔severe extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) or reactions including tardive dyskinesia
what are EPS - ✔✔movement disorders resulting from effects of anypsychotic drugs on the extrapyramidal motor
system.
what is the extrapyramidal system? - ✔✔same neuronal network whose malfunction is responsible for movement
disorders of parkinson's disease.
early reaction of haloperidol(haldol). - ✔✔acute dystonia, parkinsonism, akathisia/constantly moving/tapping the foot
late haloperidol(haldol) symptoms - ✔✔tardive dyskinesia- the most troubling EPS
what is tardive dyskinesia characterized by? - ✔✔involuntary choreoathetoid (twisting writing wormlike) movements of
the tongue and face. pts may present lip-smacking movements and their tongues may flick out in a fly-catching motion.
earliest manifestation of TD - ✔✔slow worm-like movement of the tongue
what may result with TD - ✔✔malnutrition and weight loss; movements can interfere with chewing, swallowing and
speaking
what may be used to treat EPS? - ✔✔benztropine(cogentin) and diphenhydramine (benadryl)
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors - ✔✔prozac, zoloft, paxil
assessment when using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (prozac, zoloft, paxil) - ✔✔neuromuscular and GI
symptoms
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (prozac, zoloft, paxil) nursing considerations - ✔✔may take 4-6 weeks to see
therapeutic effects. take meds as prescribed. carefully monitor pt for self-harm or suicide. obtain list of all other meds
, what is olanzapine/zyprexa? what is it used to treat? - ✔✔antipsychotic medication that affects chemicals in the brain. it
is used to treat symptoms of psychotic conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (manic depression) in
adults and children who are at least 13 years old. can be used with other antipsychotics or antidepressants
common side effects of zyprexa - ✔✔asthenia, dizziness, drowsiness, extrapyramidal reactions, hyperkinesia, akinesia,
cogwheel rigidity, drug-induced parkinson's disease, dyspepsia, mask-like face, xerostomia, abnormal gait, back pain,
constipation, fever, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, myoclonus and personality disorder
examples of opioids - ✔✔barbiturates (barbital), benzodiazepines (lam/pam), antiepileptics (AEDs), skeletal muscle
relaxants
what is clonazepam/klonopin? what does it treat? - ✔✔anticonvulsant, benzodiazepine to treat panic disorder
SE of clonazepam/klonopin - ✔✔drowsiness, CNS depression, dizziness, nightmares, dry mouth, constipation, weight
gain, withdrawal phenomenon and hang over effect
antidote for benzodiazepines - ✔✔flumazenil/romazicon
DOC for treating alcoholic delirium tremens (DTs) - ✔✔lorazepam (ativan)
what is lorazepam (ativan) used for? - ✔✔anxiety and withdrawal symptoms
lorazepam (ativan) nursing considerations - ✔✔after IV administration keep patient supine for 8 hours and observe
closely
what is penytoin/dilantin used for? - ✔✔to treat seizures
therapeutic plasma levels - ✔✔10-20 mcg/ml
plasma levels above 20mcg/ml - ✔✔toxicity; nystagmus (back and forth movements of the eyes), ataxia (staggering
gait), diplopia (double vision) and cognitive impairment- suicidal thoughts. EPS
side effects of phenytoin/dilantin - ✔✔gingival hyperplasia- teach good oral hygiene including flassing and gum
massage. measles-like rash, hirsutism, stevens johnsons or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) especially in pts of asian
decent with genetic mutation HLA-B*1502.
