1|Page
TMC EXAM|| LATEST AND COMPLETE UPDATE
WITH QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+|| NEWEST
VERSION
Four Critical Life Functions - ANSWER: (1) Ventilation- moving air in and out
of lungs
(2) Oxygenation- getting oxygen into blood
(3) Circulation- moving blood through the body
(4) Perfusion- getting oxygen into the tissue
measuring these four life functions (vitals) - ANSWER: 1) Ventilation- RR, VT,
chest movement, breath sounds, PaCO2, ETCO2
2) Oxygenation- HR, Color, sensorium, PaO2, SpO2
3) Circulation- HR and strength, cardiac output
4) Perfusion- BP, sensorium, temp, urine output, hemodynamic
When you have an emergency (life functions) - ANSWER: 1) the first priority is
VENTILATION
2) than oxygenation
3) than Circulation
4) than last is perfusion
Admission Note should include.. - ANSWER: Admitting diagnosis, history of
present illness, chief complaint, past medical history, current medications
Difference between signs and symptoms - ANSWER: Signs (objective) - can see
or measure
,2|Page
Symptoms (subjective) - what patient tells you
Pack years calculation - ANSWER: # of packs per day x # of years smoked
EX: 4packs per day X 10 years = 40 pack years
****RECOMMEND NICOTINE REPLACEMENT THERAPY****
Advance directives - ANSWER: legal documents that allow people to choose
what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions
themselves
Types of advance directives include - ANSWER: DNR, DNI, Living will( what
the patient wants), durable power of attorney for health care(someone in charge of
medical choices if person cant on own)
Normal urine output - ANSWER: 40 mL/hr (approximately 1 Liter/day)
Sensible water loss - ANSWER: water loss that is noticed by a person, such as
through urine output and vomiting
Insensible water loss - ANSWER: the loss of water not noticeable by a person,
such as through evaporation from the skin and exhalation from the lungs during
breathing
normal CVP - ANSWER: 2-6 mmHg
Decreased CVP - ANSWER: less than 2mmHg -Hypovolemia, vasodilatation,
decreased venous returns, negative pressure ventilation (recommend fluid therapy)
,3|Page
Increased CVP - ANSWER: -Hypervolemia, right-sided heart failure, cardiac
tamponade, positive pressure ventilation, COPD, pulmonary HTN, pulmonary
embous, pulmonic stenosis, tricuspid stenosis/regurgitation. (recommend diuretics)
medication reconciliation - ANSWER: A procedure to maintain an accurate and
up-to-date list of medications for all patients between all phases of health care
delivery.
Determine levels of consciousness ( lethargic, somnolent, sleepy) - ANSWER:
consider sleepy apnea, excessive O2 therapy with COPD pt
Determine levels of consciousness (Stuporous, confused) - ANSWER: responds
inappropriately, drug overdose, intoxication
Determine levels of consciousness (Semi comatose ) - ANSWER: responds to
only painful stimuli
Determine levels of consciousness (Obtunded ) - ANSWER: Drowsy state, may
have decreased cough or gag reflex, risk for aspiration
Determine levels of consciousness (Coma ) - ANSWER: dose not respond to
painful stimuli
Katz Scoring System - ANSWER: Used to determine patients activities of daily
living and ability to perform ADL
This determines nursing home admission, need for home care providers, use of
hospital services, living arrangements, insurance coverage, mortality
Orthopnea - ANSWER: difficulty breathing when lying down (CHF)
, 4|Page
general malaise - ANSWER: -run down feeling, nausea, weakness, fatigue,
headache
-ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE
Grades of Dyspnea - ANSWER: Grade 1- dyspnea after unusual exertion
Grade 2- breathlessness after hills or stairs
Grade 3- dyspnea while walking at normal speed
Grade 4- dyspnea slowly walking short distance
Grade 5- dyspnea at rest, shaving, dressing
symptoms of the nose & throat - ANSWER: 1. Excessive nasal secretions from
irritants, pollutants, allergies, upper resp. infections.
2. Itching or burning sensations of the nose or throat.
3. Dysphagia ( difficulty swallowing) and hoarseness are also common symptoms.
Respiratory care plan - ANSWER: case management plans, therapy protocols,
disease management, patient & family education needs
Environmental exposures - ANSWER: asthma triggers, heating/ cooling systems,
work related ( occupational hazards), second hand smoke
health literacy - ANSWER: the degree to which individuals have the capacity to
obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to
make appropriate health decisions
venous distention - ANSWER: Engorged jugular veins during exhalation (CHF) *
seen with obstructive lung disease and air trapping*
TMC EXAM|| LATEST AND COMPLETE UPDATE
WITH QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+|| NEWEST
VERSION
Four Critical Life Functions - ANSWER: (1) Ventilation- moving air in and out
of lungs
(2) Oxygenation- getting oxygen into blood
(3) Circulation- moving blood through the body
(4) Perfusion- getting oxygen into the tissue
measuring these four life functions (vitals) - ANSWER: 1) Ventilation- RR, VT,
chest movement, breath sounds, PaCO2, ETCO2
2) Oxygenation- HR, Color, sensorium, PaO2, SpO2
3) Circulation- HR and strength, cardiac output
4) Perfusion- BP, sensorium, temp, urine output, hemodynamic
When you have an emergency (life functions) - ANSWER: 1) the first priority is
VENTILATION
2) than oxygenation
3) than Circulation
4) than last is perfusion
Admission Note should include.. - ANSWER: Admitting diagnosis, history of
present illness, chief complaint, past medical history, current medications
Difference between signs and symptoms - ANSWER: Signs (objective) - can see
or measure
,2|Page
Symptoms (subjective) - what patient tells you
Pack years calculation - ANSWER: # of packs per day x # of years smoked
EX: 4packs per day X 10 years = 40 pack years
****RECOMMEND NICOTINE REPLACEMENT THERAPY****
Advance directives - ANSWER: legal documents that allow people to choose
what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions
themselves
Types of advance directives include - ANSWER: DNR, DNI, Living will( what
the patient wants), durable power of attorney for health care(someone in charge of
medical choices if person cant on own)
Normal urine output - ANSWER: 40 mL/hr (approximately 1 Liter/day)
Sensible water loss - ANSWER: water loss that is noticed by a person, such as
through urine output and vomiting
Insensible water loss - ANSWER: the loss of water not noticeable by a person,
such as through evaporation from the skin and exhalation from the lungs during
breathing
normal CVP - ANSWER: 2-6 mmHg
Decreased CVP - ANSWER: less than 2mmHg -Hypovolemia, vasodilatation,
decreased venous returns, negative pressure ventilation (recommend fluid therapy)
,3|Page
Increased CVP - ANSWER: -Hypervolemia, right-sided heart failure, cardiac
tamponade, positive pressure ventilation, COPD, pulmonary HTN, pulmonary
embous, pulmonic stenosis, tricuspid stenosis/regurgitation. (recommend diuretics)
medication reconciliation - ANSWER: A procedure to maintain an accurate and
up-to-date list of medications for all patients between all phases of health care
delivery.
Determine levels of consciousness ( lethargic, somnolent, sleepy) - ANSWER:
consider sleepy apnea, excessive O2 therapy with COPD pt
Determine levels of consciousness (Stuporous, confused) - ANSWER: responds
inappropriately, drug overdose, intoxication
Determine levels of consciousness (Semi comatose ) - ANSWER: responds to
only painful stimuli
Determine levels of consciousness (Obtunded ) - ANSWER: Drowsy state, may
have decreased cough or gag reflex, risk for aspiration
Determine levels of consciousness (Coma ) - ANSWER: dose not respond to
painful stimuli
Katz Scoring System - ANSWER: Used to determine patients activities of daily
living and ability to perform ADL
This determines nursing home admission, need for home care providers, use of
hospital services, living arrangements, insurance coverage, mortality
Orthopnea - ANSWER: difficulty breathing when lying down (CHF)
, 4|Page
general malaise - ANSWER: -run down feeling, nausea, weakness, fatigue,
headache
-ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE
Grades of Dyspnea - ANSWER: Grade 1- dyspnea after unusual exertion
Grade 2- breathlessness after hills or stairs
Grade 3- dyspnea while walking at normal speed
Grade 4- dyspnea slowly walking short distance
Grade 5- dyspnea at rest, shaving, dressing
symptoms of the nose & throat - ANSWER: 1. Excessive nasal secretions from
irritants, pollutants, allergies, upper resp. infections.
2. Itching or burning sensations of the nose or throat.
3. Dysphagia ( difficulty swallowing) and hoarseness are also common symptoms.
Respiratory care plan - ANSWER: case management plans, therapy protocols,
disease management, patient & family education needs
Environmental exposures - ANSWER: asthma triggers, heating/ cooling systems,
work related ( occupational hazards), second hand smoke
health literacy - ANSWER: the degree to which individuals have the capacity to
obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to
make appropriate health decisions
venous distention - ANSWER: Engorged jugular veins during exhalation (CHF) *
seen with obstructive lung disease and air trapping*
