DMS 115 Chapter 25 Fetal Echocardiography questions and
answers with solutions
Normal 4 Chamber Heart
* Occupies 1/3 of thorax
*Apex points left
*Normal angle 45 degrees
*LA is closest to spine
*RV closest to abd wall
*Cardiac Axis = orientation of
apex w/in thorax (Long Axis)
*RV slightly larger than lv
*RV has moderator band
*Atria equal sized
*Mitral valve = LEFT
*Tricuspid valve = RIGHT
*"LORD" - Left oxygenated, Right
Deoxygenated
*LVOT -> Ao
*RVOT -> PA
Images of fetal circulation
6 images
View and flow of tract
4 images
, ** Foramen Ovale shunts
blood Ra to LA
** Ductus Arteriosus
connects ao & PA
**blood bypasses
pulmonary circulation
Tachycardia
Abnormally rapid heartbeat; >180 BPM
Bradycardia
abnormally slow heartbeat; <100 BPM
SVT (supraventricular tachycardia)
HR 180-300bpm
VSD - Ventricular Septal Defect
MOST COMMON HEART DEFECT
Majority are isolated
75% are membranous -superior
(below level of Ao and
leaflets)
answers with solutions
Normal 4 Chamber Heart
* Occupies 1/3 of thorax
*Apex points left
*Normal angle 45 degrees
*LA is closest to spine
*RV closest to abd wall
*Cardiac Axis = orientation of
apex w/in thorax (Long Axis)
*RV slightly larger than lv
*RV has moderator band
*Atria equal sized
*Mitral valve = LEFT
*Tricuspid valve = RIGHT
*"LORD" - Left oxygenated, Right
Deoxygenated
*LVOT -> Ao
*RVOT -> PA
Images of fetal circulation
6 images
View and flow of tract
4 images
, ** Foramen Ovale shunts
blood Ra to LA
** Ductus Arteriosus
connects ao & PA
**blood bypasses
pulmonary circulation
Tachycardia
Abnormally rapid heartbeat; >180 BPM
Bradycardia
abnormally slow heartbeat; <100 BPM
SVT (supraventricular tachycardia)
HR 180-300bpm
VSD - Ventricular Septal Defect
MOST COMMON HEART DEFECT
Majority are isolated
75% are membranous -superior
(below level of Ao and
leaflets)
