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Which of the following is a hallmark characteristic of vocal nodules?
A) Sudden voice onset
B) Unilateral mass on the vocal fold
C) Bilateral, symmetrical lesions on the vocal folds
D) Fluctuating voice quality
✔✔ C) Bilateral, symmetrical lesions on the vocal folds
What is the primary cause of contact ulcers?
A) Excessive talking
B) Gastroesophageal reflux
C) Vocal fold paralysis
D) Viral infection
✔✔ B) Gastroesophageal reflux
Which voice disorder is often associated with Parkinson's disease?
A) Spasmodic dysphonia
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,B) Hypernasality
C) Hypokinetic dysarthria
D) Vocal fold nodules
✔✔ C) Hypokinetic dysarthria
Which type of dysphonia is most likely caused by a neurological dysfunction?
A) Functional dysphonia
B) Psychogenic dysphonia
C) Spasmodic dysphonia
D) Muscle tension dysphonia
✔✔ C) Spasmodic dysphonia
Which of the following is a common symptom of muscle tension dysphonia?
A) Weak breath support
B) Diplophonia
C) Strained-strangled voice quality
D) Aphonia
✔✔ C) Strained-strangled voice quality
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,What is the primary goal of voice therapy for vocal fold nodules?
A) Increase vocal fold tension
B) Reduce vocal misuse and promote healthy voice habits
C) Improve resonance
D) Increase pitch range
✔✔ B) Reduce vocal misuse and promote healthy voice habits
Which assessment tool measures the severity of vocal roughness and strain perceptually?
A) Videostroboscopy
B) GRBAS scale
C) CAPE-V
D) Acoustic analysis
✔✔ C) CAPE-V
What does the GRBAS scale assess?
A) Vocal tract resonance
B) Respiratory support for speech
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, C) Perceptual qualities of the voice
D) Vocal fold symmetry
✔✔ C) Perceptual qualities of the voice
Which is a typical acoustic sign of vocal fold paralysis?
A) Increased jitter and shimmer
B) Normal pitch with reduced volume
C) Steady phonation
D) Elevated speaking fundamental frequency
✔✔ A) Increased jitter and shimmer
Which laryngeal pathology is often seen in teachers and singers due to phonotrauma?
A) Reinke's edema
B) Polyps
C) Vocal nodules
D) Contact ulcers
✔✔ C) Vocal nodules
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