Test Bank - Bailey and Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology, 14th Edition (Tille, 2017), Chapter 1-79 | All Chapters

,DOWNLOAD80THE80Test80Bank80for80Bailey80and80Scott's80Diagnostic80Microbiolog
y8014th80Edition80Tille
Chapter8002:80Bacterial80Genetics,80Metabolism,80and80Structure
80Tille:80Bailey80&80Scott’s80Diagnostic80Microbiology,8014th80Edi
tion


MULTIPLE80CHOICE

1. Pieces80of80deoxyribonucleic80acid80(DNA)80that80move80from80one80genetic80element80to80
another80and80contain80genes80for80movement80and80genes80for80other80features80are80calle
d:
a. transposons.
b. insertion80sequences.
c. plasmids.
d. chromatoids.
ANS:8 0 A
Insertion80sequences80only80code80for80movement.

REF:8 0 8 0 8

2. Miniature80chromosomes80composed80of80several80genes80in80double-
stranded,80closed,80circular80structures80are80called:
a. transposons.
b. insertion80sequences.
c. plasmids.
d. chromatoids.
ANS:8 0 C
Plasmids80can80be80separate80entities,80but80transposable80elements80(transposons80and80insertio
n80sequences)80cannot.

REF:8 0 8 0 8

3. A80DNA80sequence80that80encodes80for80a80specific80product80(ribonucleic80acid80[RNA]80o
r80protein)80is80defined80as80a:
a. gene.
b. genome.
c. nucleotide.
d. deoxyribonucleic80acid.

ANS:8 0 A
The80genome80is80the80collection80of80all80the80genes80of80an80organism.80Nucleotides80and80
DNA80are80building80blocks80of80genes.

REF:8 0 8 0 6

4. The80enzyme80that80adds80nucleotide80bases80to80each80growing80daughter80strand80in80th
e80replication80process80is80called:
a. replication80enzymes.
b. DNA80polymerase.
c. insertion80sequence80enzymes.
d. transcriptase.
ANS:8 0 B

mynursytest.store

,DOWNLOAD80THE80Test80Bank80for80Bailey80and80Scott's80Diagnostic80Microbiolog
y8014th80Edition80Tille
DNA80polymerase80is80a80specific80type80of80replication80enzyme.

REF:8 0 8 0 9

5. If80a80bacterial80cell80encounters80unfavorable80environmental80conditions,80then80its80metab
olism80will80begin80to80slow80until80it80eventually80transforms80into80an80inactive,80dormant
80state.80This80survival80mechanism80is80known80as:
a. polymerization.
b. oxidation.
c. respiration.
d. sporulation.
ANS:8 0 D
Organisms80sporulate80when80unfavorable80conditions80are80encountered80and80remain80in80th
is80state80until80favorable80conditions80return.

REF:8 0 8 0 23

6. Teichoic80acids,80mycolic80acids,80peptidoglycan,80and80disaccharide-
pentapeptide80subunits80are80all80building80blocks80of80which80bacterial80structure?
a. Outer80cell80membrane
b. Flagella
c. Inner80cell80membrane
d. Cell80wall
ANS:8 0 D
These80elements80are80all80part80of80the80cell80walls80of80some80types80of80bacteria.

REF:8 0 8 0 2180|8022

7. The80major80difference80between80gram-positive80and80gram-negative80bacteria80is80that:
a. the80peptidoglycan80layer80in80gram-
positive80bacteria80is80substantially80thinner80than80in80gram-negative80bacteria.
b. gram-positive80bacteria80contain80a80periplasmic80space,80whereas80gram-
negative80bacteria80do80not.
c. flagella80are80only80present80in80gram-positive80bacteria.
d. gram-
negative80bacteria80contain80an80outer80membrane80that80functions80as80the80c
ell’s80initial80barrier80to80the80environment.
ANS:8 0 D
Gram-negative80bacteria80contain80an80outer80membrane,80but80gram-
positive80bacteria80do80not.

REF:8 0 8 0 21

8. In80gene80regulation80and80control,80repression80is80defined80as80the:
a. internal80change80in80the80original80nucleotide80sequence80of80a80gene80or80gene
s80within80an80organism’s80genome.
b. mechanism80of80genetic80control80in80which80genes80are80induced80only80when80th
e80substrate80to80be80degraded80by80enzymatic80action80is80present.
c. change80of80the80bacterial80genotypes80through80the80exchange80of80DNA80from8
0one80cell80to80another.
d. mechanism80of80genetic80control80in80which80genes80are80not80transcribed80and80therefore80

mynursytest.store

, DOWNLOAD80THE80Test80Bank80for80Bailey80and80Scott's80Diagnostic80Microbiolog
y8014th80Edition80Tille
are




mynursytest.store