Bio 242 Midterm Exam Question and
Answers Verified by Experts
Transmission electron microscope An electron microscope used to study the internal structure
of thin sections of cells
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) A microscope that uses an electron beam to scan the
surface of a sample, coated with metal atoms, to study details of its topography.
Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) microscope that measures electrons that leak or
"tunnel" from the surface of the specimen
Acid fast bacteria Mycobacterium and Nocardia
contain peptidoglycan and stain positive
Acid fast cell wall Contains waxy lipids called mycolic acids that are bound to a thin layer of
peptidoglycan
Gram positive cell wall Thick peptidoglycan
Teichoic acids
May regulate movement of cations
Polysaccharides provide antigenic variation
,Gram negative cell wall Thin peptidoglycan
Outer membrane
Periplasmic space
bacteria greater flexibility and sensitivity
easier to kill using alcohol-based agents
asexual reproduction process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in
offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
some yeast, which are single-celled fungi
Multiple fission a form of cell division that produces more than two cells
Multiple fission is a form of asexual reproduction that occurs within certain protozoa such as
Plasmodium.
What organisms can undergo both sexual and asexual reproduction? most fungi, plants like
daffodils and strawberries, animals
sexual spores zygospores, ascospores, basidiospores
Sporangiospores Formed by successive cleavages within a sporangium
Conidospores free spores not enclosed by a spore-bearing sac
, Stages of mitosis prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Prophase Chromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle forms
Metaphase Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of
the cell
Telophase phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out
into a tangle of chromatin
Helminths multicellular parasitic organisms commonly called worms or flukes
skin, lungs, liver, and intestines are the organs most affected.
Viral Structure: Capsid shell surrounds the nucleic acid
Viral Structure: Envelope not found in all viruses
usually a modified piece of the host cell membrane
Naked virus Consist only of a nucleocapsid
Answers Verified by Experts
Transmission electron microscope An electron microscope used to study the internal structure
of thin sections of cells
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) A microscope that uses an electron beam to scan the
surface of a sample, coated with metal atoms, to study details of its topography.
Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) microscope that measures electrons that leak or
"tunnel" from the surface of the specimen
Acid fast bacteria Mycobacterium and Nocardia
contain peptidoglycan and stain positive
Acid fast cell wall Contains waxy lipids called mycolic acids that are bound to a thin layer of
peptidoglycan
Gram positive cell wall Thick peptidoglycan
Teichoic acids
May regulate movement of cations
Polysaccharides provide antigenic variation
,Gram negative cell wall Thin peptidoglycan
Outer membrane
Periplasmic space
bacteria greater flexibility and sensitivity
easier to kill using alcohol-based agents
asexual reproduction process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in
offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
some yeast, which are single-celled fungi
Multiple fission a form of cell division that produces more than two cells
Multiple fission is a form of asexual reproduction that occurs within certain protozoa such as
Plasmodium.
What organisms can undergo both sexual and asexual reproduction? most fungi, plants like
daffodils and strawberries, animals
sexual spores zygospores, ascospores, basidiospores
Sporangiospores Formed by successive cleavages within a sporangium
Conidospores free spores not enclosed by a spore-bearing sac
, Stages of mitosis prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Prophase Chromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle forms
Metaphase Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of
the cell
Telophase phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out
into a tangle of chromatin
Helminths multicellular parasitic organisms commonly called worms or flukes
skin, lungs, liver, and intestines are the organs most affected.
Viral Structure: Capsid shell surrounds the nucleic acid
Viral Structure: Envelope not found in all viruses
usually a modified piece of the host cell membrane
Naked virus Consist only of a nucleocapsid
