RRT Study Guide (NBRC) Exam 2025
Questions and Answers
Four vital functions - ANSWER✔✔-Ventilation
Oxygenation
Circulation
Perfusion
Signs - ANSWER✔✔-Objective information
Color, pulse, edema
Symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-Subjective information
Dyspnea, pain, nausea
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,Visual examination - ANSWER✔✔-1st step in assessment
General appearance, sensorum, chest movement, posture, skin color
Bedside examination - ANSWER✔✔-2nd step in assessment
Breath sounds, vital signs, chest auscultation, chest percussion, past medical history, cap refill
Lab examination - ANSWER✔✔-3rd step in assessment
ABG, CBC, CXR, Lytes
Special examination - ANSWER✔✔-4th step in assessment
Urinalysis, gram stain, MIP, VC
Edema - ANSWER✔✔-Excessive fluid in the tissue
Occurs primarily in arms and ankles
Lasix
Clubbing - ANSWER✔✔-Thumb, first finger, and toes affected
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,JVD - ANSWER✔✔-Occurs with CHF
Cap refill - ANSWER✔✔-Color should return within 3 seconds
Obtunded - ANSWER✔✔-Drowsy state may decreased cough or gag reflex
ADL - ANSWER✔✔-Activities of daily living
Orthopnea - ANSWER✔✔-Difficulty breathing except in the upright position
CHF
Fick equation - ANSWER✔✔-Calculates cardiac output (Qt)
Qt normal: 4-8 L/min
Dysphagia - ANSWER✔✔-Difficulty swallowing
Diaphoresis - ANSWER✔✔-TB/nightsweats
Skin color - ANSWER✔✔-Normal: Race specific
Decrease in color (ashen, pallor): Anemia, blood loss
Jaundice: Increase bilirubin levels
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, Erythema: Redness of the skin (Hypercarbia)
Cyanosis: Hypoxia
Cardiac index: Normal - ANSWER✔✔-2.5-4.0 for patients of all ages
Pectus carinatum - ANSWER✔✔-Anterior protrusion of the sternum
Pectus excavatum - ANSWER✔✔-Depression of the sternum
Kyphosis - ANSWER✔✔-Convex of the spine (lean forward)
Kyphoscoliosis - ANSWER✔✔-A combination of kyphosis and scoliosis
Reduced lung volumes
Asymetrical - ANSWER✔✔-Unequal
Eupnea - ANSWER✔✔-Normal respiratory rate, depth, and rythm
12-20 breaths/min
Cheyne Stokes - ANSWER✔✔-Gradually increase then decreasing rate and depth in a cycle lasting
from 30-180 seconds
Biots respiration - ANSWER✔✔-Increase RR and depth with irregular periods of apnea
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Questions and Answers
Four vital functions - ANSWER✔✔-Ventilation
Oxygenation
Circulation
Perfusion
Signs - ANSWER✔✔-Objective information
Color, pulse, edema
Symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-Subjective information
Dyspnea, pain, nausea
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Visual examination - ANSWER✔✔-1st step in assessment
General appearance, sensorum, chest movement, posture, skin color
Bedside examination - ANSWER✔✔-2nd step in assessment
Breath sounds, vital signs, chest auscultation, chest percussion, past medical history, cap refill
Lab examination - ANSWER✔✔-3rd step in assessment
ABG, CBC, CXR, Lytes
Special examination - ANSWER✔✔-4th step in assessment
Urinalysis, gram stain, MIP, VC
Edema - ANSWER✔✔-Excessive fluid in the tissue
Occurs primarily in arms and ankles
Lasix
Clubbing - ANSWER✔✔-Thumb, first finger, and toes affected
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,JVD - ANSWER✔✔-Occurs with CHF
Cap refill - ANSWER✔✔-Color should return within 3 seconds
Obtunded - ANSWER✔✔-Drowsy state may decreased cough or gag reflex
ADL - ANSWER✔✔-Activities of daily living
Orthopnea - ANSWER✔✔-Difficulty breathing except in the upright position
CHF
Fick equation - ANSWER✔✔-Calculates cardiac output (Qt)
Qt normal: 4-8 L/min
Dysphagia - ANSWER✔✔-Difficulty swallowing
Diaphoresis - ANSWER✔✔-TB/nightsweats
Skin color - ANSWER✔✔-Normal: Race specific
Decrease in color (ashen, pallor): Anemia, blood loss
Jaundice: Increase bilirubin levels
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, Erythema: Redness of the skin (Hypercarbia)
Cyanosis: Hypoxia
Cardiac index: Normal - ANSWER✔✔-2.5-4.0 for patients of all ages
Pectus carinatum - ANSWER✔✔-Anterior protrusion of the sternum
Pectus excavatum - ANSWER✔✔-Depression of the sternum
Kyphosis - ANSWER✔✔-Convex of the spine (lean forward)
Kyphoscoliosis - ANSWER✔✔-A combination of kyphosis and scoliosis
Reduced lung volumes
Asymetrical - ANSWER✔✔-Unequal
Eupnea - ANSWER✔✔-Normal respiratory rate, depth, and rythm
12-20 breaths/min
Cheyne Stokes - ANSWER✔✔-Gradually increase then decreasing rate and depth in a cycle lasting
from 30-180 seconds
Biots respiration - ANSWER✔✔-Increase RR and depth with irregular periods of apnea
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
