NUR 221 Exam Question and Answers
It is one of the most common causes of Neonatal Sepsis and can cause major respiratory complications in baby.
HIV
HIV positive expectant mothers should take a triple- drug antiviral therapy or a high active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This
should be starts ASAP.
Hepatitis B
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood
or body fluids
s/s: arthritis, lassitude, anorexia, vomitting, headache, fever and mild abdominal pain.
Treatment: HBIG and begin hepatitis B vaccine series.
pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney; caused by a bacterial infection.
chorioamnionitis
inflammation of the chorion and amnion
Fetal risk: Pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis, respiratory distress syndrome, periventricular leukomalacia and cerebral palsy.
Treatment: broad-spectrum antibiotics.
s/s: maternal fever, maternal fetal tachycardia, uterine tenderness, and purulent amniotic fluid (foul smelling)
PROM (preterm rupture of membranes)
membrane rupture before 37 weeks gestation.
caused by weakening of amniotic membranes caused by inflammation, stress from uterine contractions or other factors, infection of
the urogenital tract. GuSH of fluid or slow leak of fluid from the vagina.
pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney; caused by bacterial infection.
Leading cause of septic shock during pregnancy
usually caused by E. coli organisms.
s/s: fever shaking chills and caching in the lumbar area of the back.
how many calories should a pregnancy have
additional 300 a day
second trimester caloric intake
+340
Third trimester caloric intake
+452
Breast feeding caloric intake
+500
Normal weight gain during pregnancy
25-35 lbs
If overweight during pregnancy gain
15- 25lbs
Folic acid helps prevent:
neural tube defects such as spina bifida
400mcg daily
Nutrients needed during lactation
Calories, Protein, calcium, Iodine, Zinc, The B vitamins, and Vitamin C
a decrease in Estrogen and Progesterone causes what to be released
Prolactin which allows for breast feeding to occur
What is prolactin?
Promotes mammary gland development and milk production.
What is oxytocin?
a hormone released by the pituitary gland that causes increased contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulates the ejection of
milk into the ducts of the breasts.
What is colostrum and why is it important?
it is the breast milk that appears yellowish
important b/c it is rich in immunoglobulins, especially IgA
gestation
growth process from conception to birth
Abortion
Birth occurring before the end of 20 weeks gestation spontaneous or therapeutic
term pregnancy
, pregnancy from 37 weeks to 42 weeks
antepartum
time between conception and onset of labor
intrapartum
within (during) labor and childbirth
preterm birth
labor that occurs after 20 weeks but before 36 weeks of gestation
nulligravida
a woman who has never been pregnant
primigravida
first pregnancy
nullipara
no births at more than 20 weeks' gestation
primpara
First pregnancy with a viable infant (20 weeks)
multipara
many births past 20 weeks
stillbirth
Loss of fetus after 20 weeks of pregnancy
multigravida
woman who has been pregnant more than once
Probably signs of pregnancy
positive pregnancy test; Goodell's sign (good and squishy) ; Hegar sign; Chadwick sign (chad is blue); ballottment; Mcdonalds sign
Skin pigmentation changes
pregnancy test
ballottement
Positive signs of pregnancy
Fetal skeleton on X-ray
Fetal presence on ultrasound
Auscultation of FHR (heard at week 8, most likely at 10 and should be heard by 12)
Examiner palpates fetal movement
presumptuous signs of pregnancy
Amenorrhea
nausea and vomiting
fatigue
urinary frequency
breast changes
quickening
When are prenatal visits scheduled?
every 4 weeks for the first 28 weeks (once a month)
every 2 weeks until 36 weeks
every week 37 until childbirth
When is gestational diabetes screened for in pregnancy?
24 to 28 weeks
vaginal swab for strep b screening is done at...
35 to 37 weeks
What is alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)?
fetal substance excreted by the fetal liver
preformed between 14 and 22 weeks gestation
the test measured High: Nural tube defects
the test measured low: down syndrome
chronic villus sampling (CVS)
A technique for diagnosing genetic and congenital defects in a fetus by removing and analyzing a sample of the fetal portion of the
placenta
Preformed between 10 to 13 weeks
amniocentesis
needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis
Preformed between 14 to 20 weeks
Lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio
A nurse is caring for a client who is in preterm labor and is scheduled to undergo an amniocentesis to assess fetal lung maturity.
What is the test for fetal lung maturity during an amniocentesis?
this measures the amount of surfactant
Quad screen can be done when?
It is one of the most common causes of Neonatal Sepsis and can cause major respiratory complications in baby.
HIV
HIV positive expectant mothers should take a triple- drug antiviral therapy or a high active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This
should be starts ASAP.
Hepatitis B
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood
or body fluids
s/s: arthritis, lassitude, anorexia, vomitting, headache, fever and mild abdominal pain.
Treatment: HBIG and begin hepatitis B vaccine series.
pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney; caused by a bacterial infection.
chorioamnionitis
inflammation of the chorion and amnion
Fetal risk: Pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis, respiratory distress syndrome, periventricular leukomalacia and cerebral palsy.
Treatment: broad-spectrum antibiotics.
s/s: maternal fever, maternal fetal tachycardia, uterine tenderness, and purulent amniotic fluid (foul smelling)
PROM (preterm rupture of membranes)
membrane rupture before 37 weeks gestation.
caused by weakening of amniotic membranes caused by inflammation, stress from uterine contractions or other factors, infection of
the urogenital tract. GuSH of fluid or slow leak of fluid from the vagina.
pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney; caused by bacterial infection.
Leading cause of septic shock during pregnancy
usually caused by E. coli organisms.
s/s: fever shaking chills and caching in the lumbar area of the back.
how many calories should a pregnancy have
additional 300 a day
second trimester caloric intake
+340
Third trimester caloric intake
+452
Breast feeding caloric intake
+500
Normal weight gain during pregnancy
25-35 lbs
If overweight during pregnancy gain
15- 25lbs
Folic acid helps prevent:
neural tube defects such as spina bifida
400mcg daily
Nutrients needed during lactation
Calories, Protein, calcium, Iodine, Zinc, The B vitamins, and Vitamin C
a decrease in Estrogen and Progesterone causes what to be released
Prolactin which allows for breast feeding to occur
What is prolactin?
Promotes mammary gland development and milk production.
What is oxytocin?
a hormone released by the pituitary gland that causes increased contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulates the ejection of
milk into the ducts of the breasts.
What is colostrum and why is it important?
it is the breast milk that appears yellowish
important b/c it is rich in immunoglobulins, especially IgA
gestation
growth process from conception to birth
Abortion
Birth occurring before the end of 20 weeks gestation spontaneous or therapeutic
term pregnancy
, pregnancy from 37 weeks to 42 weeks
antepartum
time between conception and onset of labor
intrapartum
within (during) labor and childbirth
preterm birth
labor that occurs after 20 weeks but before 36 weeks of gestation
nulligravida
a woman who has never been pregnant
primigravida
first pregnancy
nullipara
no births at more than 20 weeks' gestation
primpara
First pregnancy with a viable infant (20 weeks)
multipara
many births past 20 weeks
stillbirth
Loss of fetus after 20 weeks of pregnancy
multigravida
woman who has been pregnant more than once
Probably signs of pregnancy
positive pregnancy test; Goodell's sign (good and squishy) ; Hegar sign; Chadwick sign (chad is blue); ballottment; Mcdonalds sign
Skin pigmentation changes
pregnancy test
ballottement
Positive signs of pregnancy
Fetal skeleton on X-ray
Fetal presence on ultrasound
Auscultation of FHR (heard at week 8, most likely at 10 and should be heard by 12)
Examiner palpates fetal movement
presumptuous signs of pregnancy
Amenorrhea
nausea and vomiting
fatigue
urinary frequency
breast changes
quickening
When are prenatal visits scheduled?
every 4 weeks for the first 28 weeks (once a month)
every 2 weeks until 36 weeks
every week 37 until childbirth
When is gestational diabetes screened for in pregnancy?
24 to 28 weeks
vaginal swab for strep b screening is done at...
35 to 37 weeks
What is alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)?
fetal substance excreted by the fetal liver
preformed between 14 and 22 weeks gestation
the test measured High: Nural tube defects
the test measured low: down syndrome
chronic villus sampling (CVS)
A technique for diagnosing genetic and congenital defects in a fetus by removing and analyzing a sample of the fetal portion of the
placenta
Preformed between 10 to 13 weeks
amniocentesis
needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis
Preformed between 14 to 20 weeks
Lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio
A nurse is caring for a client who is in preterm labor and is scheduled to undergo an amniocentesis to assess fetal lung maturity.
What is the test for fetal lung maturity during an amniocentesis?
this measures the amount of surfactant
Quad screen can be done when?
