ACLS Pharmacology QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% GUARANTEED 2025

2 Medications used to treat asystole Epinephrine Vasopressin 2 Medications used to treat PEA Epinephrine Vasopressin 2nd degree heart block type two is a sign of bilateral bundle branch disease 3 Medications used to treat bradycardia Atropine Epinephrine Dopamine 7 Medications used to treat tachycardia Adenosine Diltiazem Beta-blockers Amiodarone Digoxin Verapamil Magnesium Action of epinephrine Causes vasoconstriction and increases cardiac output A-fib impulses that cause a rapid heart rate causes decreased cardiac output & symptoms Afib occurs when normal impulses from the SA node are overwhelmed by disorganized electrical impulses in the atria Amiodarone can treat and during cardiac arrest that is unresponsive to shocking, CPR, and vasopressors vfib, vtach Amiodarone caution High toxicity Amiodarone is classified as an Antiarrhythmic drug Amiodarone is used to treat SVT & ventricular arrhythmias Amiodarone should not be used in pt with polymorphic VT Asstole reflects no cardiac activity Asystole: assess for properly connected leads, underlying cause Atrial fibrilation contains no discernible P-waves Atrial flutter is caused by electrical activity that moves in a self-perpetuating loop within the atria Atrial flutter presents with atrial rates at _ beats per minute 240-350 The AV node sends signal to the Bundle of His The bundle of his breaks into the Right and left bundle branches Causes of sinus bradycardia Drugs, athletes, increased vagal tone Caution with pulseless ventricular tachycardia Always check carotid or femoral pulse first; treat the pt not the equipment Characteristic of third degree heart block No relationship between P & RS Characteristic of torsades: long QT interval Common symptoms of a-fib Palpitations/chest discomfort shortness of breath Respiratory distress hypotension light headedness loss of consciousness peripheral edema JVD pulmonary edema Dosage recommendation for cardioversion: narrow irregular 120-200 J biphasic, 200 J monophasic Dosage recommendation for cardioversion: narrow regular 50-100 J Dosage recommendation for cardioversion: wide irregular Defibrillation dose (not synchronized) Dosage recommendation for cardioversion: wide regular 100 J Drugs (are/are not) used to manage unstable tachycardia Not During 2nd degree heart block type 1, what happens? PR interval gets longer until it is dropped in a repeating pattern Each small box in EKG is 0.04 seconds Epinephrine and vasopressin have been shown to improve rates of return of spontaneous circulation Epinephrine dosing for bradycardia 1mg in 500ml NS or D5W 2-10 mcg, titrated to effect Epinephrine dosing for IV push 1Mg IV every 3-5 minutes Epinephrine has effects vasoconstrictive Epinsphrine IV infusion after cardiac arrest for hypotension dosing 0.1-0.5 mcg/kg/min First degree block is not a , but a block, delay in conduction First degree heart block, PR interval is greater than 0.20 seconds First thing to do when PEA is suspected Check pulse Greater number of atrial contractions in a-flutter is associated with negative effect on cardiac output Heart muscle ischemia leads to asystole How does epinephrine improve cardiac output? Increases heart rate Increases heart muscle contractility Increases conductivity through AV node How do you measure PR interval From the beginning of the P wave until the beginning of the QRS complex How is epinephrine given? IV, IO, ET How long after pausing compressions does it take to get coronary perfusion pressure back up to perfusion level? 10 How often can you give epinephrine? Every 3-5 minutes H's of PEA Hypovolemia Hypoxia Hydrogen ions (acidosis) Hyperkalemia Hypothermia Hpoglycemia If pt has Vtach and is stable, treat with and consider adenosine, antiarrhythmic infusion If pt in vtach is unstable, treat with synchronized cardioversion If unstable tachycardia occurs with a flutter, is done cardioversion In 3rd degree heart block, none of the impulses from the SA node are conducted to the ventricles In first degree heart block, how often is a P wave followed by a QRS complex? Every time In Hospital Cardiac Arrest chain of survival Surveillance, prevention, recognition & activation of emergency response, immediate high quality CPR, rapid defibrilation, advanced life support and postarrest care In third degree heart block, P waves are not associated with a QRS complex In third degree heart block, the atria and ventricles are working independently of each other Is atrial flutter a stable or temporary rhythm? Temporary is more effective than epinephrine for asystolic cardiac arrest Vasopressin