NUR 408 Exam 1 Updated Study Questions And
Answers Real Tests
Population Focused Nursing ANS Foundations of Practice
Introduction ANS Renewed interest public health and in population-focused health care in the United
States
New need for public health nursing:
-time and opportunity challenge
-growing costs
-changing U.S. demography
-bioterrorism
-epidemic prevention
Population-focused approach
Prevention emphasis
What is Health? ANS Definition of Health
-Health, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), is a "state of complete physical, mental, and
social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."
-"...what we, as a society, do collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy."
Perceptions of Health
Measures of Health
-Health as a Continuum
-Illness-wellness continuum
-population health and the care continuum
-mental health continuum
,Factors Influencing Health
-Biophysical: age, gender, genetics
-Behavioral: smoking, diet, alcohol, exercise, risk taking
-Psychosocial: stress management, self efficacy, self esteem
-Societal: social networks, geography/environmental, socioeconomic status
-Environmental: air, water, city vs. country side, lead exposure, factory exposure
-Health Systems: access to resources
Public Health Practice ANS -Foundation for healthy population
-Solid history of preventive improvements
-Institute of Medicine Report 2012: emphasis on funding public health services, emphasis on population-based
prevention
CDC: Top Ten Public Health Achievements of the 20th Century ANS -Immunizations
-Motor Vehicle Safety
-Control of infectious disease: quarantine, understanding how and why diseases spread
-Safer and healthier food supply
-Healthier mothers and babies: prenatal care
-Family planning: Spacing births
-Fluoridation of Drinking Water
-Reduction of tobacco use
-Declines in deaths from heart disease and stroke
-Workplace safety
Determinants of Health ANS -The range of social, ecological, political, commercial and cultural factors
that influence health status
-Complex and interrelating factors that contribute to a person's current state of health and their chances of
maintaining good health and becoming ill or injured
,-Social determinants are conditions in which people live, their income, social status, education, literacy level,
home and work environments, support networks, gender, culture, and the availability of health services
Upstream vs. Downstream
*Do not worry too much about the chart* ANS Upstream:
Policy and Programs
-Corporations and other businesses
-Government agencies
-Schools
Social inequities:
-Race/ethnicities
-Gender
-Immigration status
-Sexual orientation
Midstream:
Physical environment
-Housing
-Land use
-Transportation
-Residential segregation
Behavior
-smoking
-nutrition
-physical activities
-violence
HEALTH CARE AND SERVICES
, Downstream:
Disease and injury
-Infectious disease
-Chronic disease
-Injury
Mortality:
-Infant mortality
-Life expectancies
*drowning children scenario*
Definitions of Population-Focused Practice ANS Population: A collection of individuals who have one or
more personal or environmental characteristics in common
-geography
-special interest or circumstance
Subpopulation: group within the larger population
Aggregate or Community? ANS Aggregate: a defined population (collection of individuals) who have one
or more personal or environmental characteristics in common
Community: a group of people who have common characteristics; can be defined by location, race, ethnicity,
age, occupation, interest in particular problems or outcomes, or other common bonds
Population-Focused Practice vs. Individual-Focused Practice ANS Population-Focused Practice:
diagnoses, interventions, and treatments are carried out for population or subpopulation
-levels of prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary)
-population-level decision making is different
-concerned with more than one subpopulation
Answers Real Tests
Population Focused Nursing ANS Foundations of Practice
Introduction ANS Renewed interest public health and in population-focused health care in the United
States
New need for public health nursing:
-time and opportunity challenge
-growing costs
-changing U.S. demography
-bioterrorism
-epidemic prevention
Population-focused approach
Prevention emphasis
What is Health? ANS Definition of Health
-Health, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), is a "state of complete physical, mental, and
social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."
-"...what we, as a society, do collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy."
Perceptions of Health
Measures of Health
-Health as a Continuum
-Illness-wellness continuum
-population health and the care continuum
-mental health continuum
,Factors Influencing Health
-Biophysical: age, gender, genetics
-Behavioral: smoking, diet, alcohol, exercise, risk taking
-Psychosocial: stress management, self efficacy, self esteem
-Societal: social networks, geography/environmental, socioeconomic status
-Environmental: air, water, city vs. country side, lead exposure, factory exposure
-Health Systems: access to resources
Public Health Practice ANS -Foundation for healthy population
-Solid history of preventive improvements
-Institute of Medicine Report 2012: emphasis on funding public health services, emphasis on population-based
prevention
CDC: Top Ten Public Health Achievements of the 20th Century ANS -Immunizations
-Motor Vehicle Safety
-Control of infectious disease: quarantine, understanding how and why diseases spread
-Safer and healthier food supply
-Healthier mothers and babies: prenatal care
-Family planning: Spacing births
-Fluoridation of Drinking Water
-Reduction of tobacco use
-Declines in deaths from heart disease and stroke
-Workplace safety
Determinants of Health ANS -The range of social, ecological, political, commercial and cultural factors
that influence health status
-Complex and interrelating factors that contribute to a person's current state of health and their chances of
maintaining good health and becoming ill or injured
,-Social determinants are conditions in which people live, their income, social status, education, literacy level,
home and work environments, support networks, gender, culture, and the availability of health services
Upstream vs. Downstream
*Do not worry too much about the chart* ANS Upstream:
Policy and Programs
-Corporations and other businesses
-Government agencies
-Schools
Social inequities:
-Race/ethnicities
-Gender
-Immigration status
-Sexual orientation
Midstream:
Physical environment
-Housing
-Land use
-Transportation
-Residential segregation
Behavior
-smoking
-nutrition
-physical activities
-violence
HEALTH CARE AND SERVICES
, Downstream:
Disease and injury
-Infectious disease
-Chronic disease
-Injury
Mortality:
-Infant mortality
-Life expectancies
*drowning children scenario*
Definitions of Population-Focused Practice ANS Population: A collection of individuals who have one or
more personal or environmental characteristics in common
-geography
-special interest or circumstance
Subpopulation: group within the larger population
Aggregate or Community? ANS Aggregate: a defined population (collection of individuals) who have one
or more personal or environmental characteristics in common
Community: a group of people who have common characteristics; can be defined by location, race, ethnicity,
age, occupation, interest in particular problems or outcomes, or other common bonds
Population-Focused Practice vs. Individual-Focused Practice ANS Population-Focused Practice:
diagnoses, interventions, and treatments are carried out for population or subpopulation
-levels of prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary)
-population-level decision making is different
-concerned with more than one subpopulation
