BMS 2052 TEST PREP FULL COLLECTION OF
EXAMINATION ITEMS AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
Psycrophiles - ANSWER bacteria that grow within 0-20C
Mesophiles - ANSWER bacteria that grow within 20-45C
Thermophiles - ANSWER bacteria that grow within 55-80C
Facultative Anaerobe - ANSWER An organism that makes ATP via aerobic
respiration if oxygen is present but can switch to fermentation in the absence of
oxygen
Obligate aerobe - ANSWER organism that requires a constant supply of
oxygen in order to live
obligate anaerobe - ANSWER organism that cannot live in the presence of
oxygen
similarities between archaea and bacteria - ANSWER - anucleate cells
- can envelope
- generally possess single circular chromosome
similarities between archaea and eukarya - ANSWER - DNA replication,
transcription and translation
- DNA has histones
- Enzymes involved in DNA replication
what phylum of archaea is found in humans - ANSWER euryarchaeota
what archaea are found in the gut and vagina - ANSWER methanobrevibacter
smithii
what archaea are found in the gut - ANSWER methanobrevibacter smithii,
methanosphaera stadtmanae
, what archaea are found in the mouth - ANSWER methanosphaera oralis
cocci - ANSWER spherical bacteria
bacilli - ANSWER Rod shaped bacteria
spirochaete - ANSWER spiral-shaped bacterium.
Gram Positive Cell Wall contains - ANSWER Thick peptidoglycan
Teichoic acids
Role of cell wall - ANSWER maintain shape of bacteria, protection,
attachment, pathogenicity
Peptidoglycan - ANSWER tetrapeptide containing both D and L amino acids
(D amino acids are not found in any other proteins thus protecting them from
peptidases) and two alternating sugars (NAG and NAM)
Gram Negative Cell Wall contains - ANSWER -the inner and outer membrane
and periplasmic space between them contains thin layer of peptidoglycan
- lipopolysaccharide in outer membrane
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - ANSWER chains extending from the surface of
gram negative cell that act as antigens and receptors. Made up of lipid A
(contributes to pathogenicity) and O-specific polysaccharide side chain (O
antigen)
Lipid A - ANSWER Potent endotoxin found in LPS layer of gram negative cell
walls
what bacteria lack peptidoglycan - ANSWER Chlamydiae and plantomycetes
Bacteria that lack a cell wall - ANSWER Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma
acid fast bacterial cell wall contains - ANSWER - Mycolic Acid (long chain of
fatty acid)
- thick and waxy cell wall (impenetrable to most organic molecules)
EXAMINATION ITEMS AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
Psycrophiles - ANSWER bacteria that grow within 0-20C
Mesophiles - ANSWER bacteria that grow within 20-45C
Thermophiles - ANSWER bacteria that grow within 55-80C
Facultative Anaerobe - ANSWER An organism that makes ATP via aerobic
respiration if oxygen is present but can switch to fermentation in the absence of
oxygen
Obligate aerobe - ANSWER organism that requires a constant supply of
oxygen in order to live
obligate anaerobe - ANSWER organism that cannot live in the presence of
oxygen
similarities between archaea and bacteria - ANSWER - anucleate cells
- can envelope
- generally possess single circular chromosome
similarities between archaea and eukarya - ANSWER - DNA replication,
transcription and translation
- DNA has histones
- Enzymes involved in DNA replication
what phylum of archaea is found in humans - ANSWER euryarchaeota
what archaea are found in the gut and vagina - ANSWER methanobrevibacter
smithii
what archaea are found in the gut - ANSWER methanobrevibacter smithii,
methanosphaera stadtmanae
, what archaea are found in the mouth - ANSWER methanosphaera oralis
cocci - ANSWER spherical bacteria
bacilli - ANSWER Rod shaped bacteria
spirochaete - ANSWER spiral-shaped bacterium.
Gram Positive Cell Wall contains - ANSWER Thick peptidoglycan
Teichoic acids
Role of cell wall - ANSWER maintain shape of bacteria, protection,
attachment, pathogenicity
Peptidoglycan - ANSWER tetrapeptide containing both D and L amino acids
(D amino acids are not found in any other proteins thus protecting them from
peptidases) and two alternating sugars (NAG and NAM)
Gram Negative Cell Wall contains - ANSWER -the inner and outer membrane
and periplasmic space between them contains thin layer of peptidoglycan
- lipopolysaccharide in outer membrane
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - ANSWER chains extending from the surface of
gram negative cell that act as antigens and receptors. Made up of lipid A
(contributes to pathogenicity) and O-specific polysaccharide side chain (O
antigen)
Lipid A - ANSWER Potent endotoxin found in LPS layer of gram negative cell
walls
what bacteria lack peptidoglycan - ANSWER Chlamydiae and plantomycetes
Bacteria that lack a cell wall - ANSWER Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma
acid fast bacterial cell wall contains - ANSWER - Mycolic Acid (long chain of
fatty acid)
- thick and waxy cell wall (impenetrable to most organic molecules)
