Oncology and Hematology UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Which intervention would the nurse take to improve nutrition after identifying that a client
receiving chemotherapy has lost weight? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may
be correct.
A. Provide low-carbohydrate meals.
B. Decrease fluid intake at mealtime.
C. Encourage the intake of preferred foods.
D. Promote the intake of small, frequent meals
E. Administer prescribed antiemetics before meals - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Encourage
the intake of preferred foods.
D. Promote the intake of small, frequent meals
E. Administer prescribed antiemetics before meals
Which concept is important to teach a client in relation to why medication cocktails are more
effective than a single medication in cancer therapy?
A. Medication resistance
B. Tumor doubling time
C. Cellular growth cycle
D. Retained radioactive particles - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Cellular growth cycle
Which systemic side effect would the nurse monitor for in a client receiving combination
chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic carcinoma?
A. Ascites
B. Nystagmus
C. Leukopenia
D. Polycythemia - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Leukopenia
,The nurse is assessing a child receiving chemotherapy for treatment of leukemia. Which side
effect would the nurse anticipate?
A. Epistaxis
B. Tachycardia
C. Flushed skin
D. Increased temperature - CORRECT ANSWER - A. Epistaxis
A client develops severe bone marrow suppression related to cancer treatment. Which instruction
is important for the nurse to include in the client's teaching?
A. Be prepared to experience alopecia.
B. Increase fluids to at least 3 liters per day.
C. Use a soft toothbrush for oral hygiene.
D. Monitor your intake and output of fluids - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Use a soft
toothbrush for oral hygiene.
A client with laryngeal cancer is receiving chemotherapy. Which laboratory report is most
important for the nurse to monitor when considering the effects of chemotherapy?
A. Platelets
B. Hemoglobin level
C. Red blood cell count
D. White blood cell count - CORRECT ANSWER - D. White blood cell count
A client is diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Which intervention would the nurse expect the
plan of care to include?
A. Radiotherapy on an outpatient basis
B. Human leukocyte interferon therapy
C. Surgery to remove the invasive lesions
D. Chemotherapy employing a combination of medication - CORRECT ANSWER - D.
Chemotherapy employing a combination of medication
, A complete blood count is prescribed before each round of a client's cancer chemotherapy.
Which component of the complete blood count is of greatest concern to the nurse?
A. Platelets
B. Hematocrit
C. Red blood cells (RBCs)
D. White blood cells (WBCs) - CORRECT ANSWER - D. White blood cells (WBCs)
A client with multiple myeloma who is receiving the alkylating agent melphalan returns to the
oncology clinic for a follow-up visit. For which adverse effect will the nurse monitor the client?
A. Hirsutism
B. Leukopenia
C. Constipation
D. Photosensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER - B. Leukopenia
A client is scheduled to begin chemotherapy 2 weeks after surgery for colon cancer. Which
explanation would the nurse give to explain the delay after surgery?
A. Chemotherapy interferes with cell growth and delays wound healing.
B. Because chemotherapy causes vomiting, it endangers the integrity of the incisional area.
C. Chemotherapy decreases red blood cell production, and the resultant anemia will add to
postoperative fatigue.
D. Chemotherapy increases edema in areas distal to the incision by blocking lymph channels
with destroyed lymphocytes. - CORRECT ANSWER - A. Chemotherapy interferes with
cell growth and delays wound healing.
For which side effects will the nurse assess a client with cancer who is being treated with
chemotherapeutic agents? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
A. Diarrhea
B. Leukocytosis
C. Bleeding tendencies
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Which intervention would the nurse take to improve nutrition after identifying that a client
receiving chemotherapy has lost weight? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may
be correct.
A. Provide low-carbohydrate meals.
B. Decrease fluid intake at mealtime.
C. Encourage the intake of preferred foods.
D. Promote the intake of small, frequent meals
E. Administer prescribed antiemetics before meals - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Encourage
the intake of preferred foods.
D. Promote the intake of small, frequent meals
E. Administer prescribed antiemetics before meals
Which concept is important to teach a client in relation to why medication cocktails are more
effective than a single medication in cancer therapy?
A. Medication resistance
B. Tumor doubling time
C. Cellular growth cycle
D. Retained radioactive particles - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Cellular growth cycle
Which systemic side effect would the nurse monitor for in a client receiving combination
chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic carcinoma?
A. Ascites
B. Nystagmus
C. Leukopenia
D. Polycythemia - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Leukopenia
,The nurse is assessing a child receiving chemotherapy for treatment of leukemia. Which side
effect would the nurse anticipate?
A. Epistaxis
B. Tachycardia
C. Flushed skin
D. Increased temperature - CORRECT ANSWER - A. Epistaxis
A client develops severe bone marrow suppression related to cancer treatment. Which instruction
is important for the nurse to include in the client's teaching?
A. Be prepared to experience alopecia.
B. Increase fluids to at least 3 liters per day.
C. Use a soft toothbrush for oral hygiene.
D. Monitor your intake and output of fluids - CORRECT ANSWER - C. Use a soft
toothbrush for oral hygiene.
A client with laryngeal cancer is receiving chemotherapy. Which laboratory report is most
important for the nurse to monitor when considering the effects of chemotherapy?
A. Platelets
B. Hemoglobin level
C. Red blood cell count
D. White blood cell count - CORRECT ANSWER - D. White blood cell count
A client is diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Which intervention would the nurse expect the
plan of care to include?
A. Radiotherapy on an outpatient basis
B. Human leukocyte interferon therapy
C. Surgery to remove the invasive lesions
D. Chemotherapy employing a combination of medication - CORRECT ANSWER - D.
Chemotherapy employing a combination of medication
, A complete blood count is prescribed before each round of a client's cancer chemotherapy.
Which component of the complete blood count is of greatest concern to the nurse?
A. Platelets
B. Hematocrit
C. Red blood cells (RBCs)
D. White blood cells (WBCs) - CORRECT ANSWER - D. White blood cells (WBCs)
A client with multiple myeloma who is receiving the alkylating agent melphalan returns to the
oncology clinic for a follow-up visit. For which adverse effect will the nurse monitor the client?
A. Hirsutism
B. Leukopenia
C. Constipation
D. Photosensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER - B. Leukopenia
A client is scheduled to begin chemotherapy 2 weeks after surgery for colon cancer. Which
explanation would the nurse give to explain the delay after surgery?
A. Chemotherapy interferes with cell growth and delays wound healing.
B. Because chemotherapy causes vomiting, it endangers the integrity of the incisional area.
C. Chemotherapy decreases red blood cell production, and the resultant anemia will add to
postoperative fatigue.
D. Chemotherapy increases edema in areas distal to the incision by blocking lymph channels
with destroyed lymphocytes. - CORRECT ANSWER - A. Chemotherapy interferes with
cell growth and delays wound healing.
For which side effects will the nurse assess a client with cancer who is being treated with
chemotherapeutic agents? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
A. Diarrhea
B. Leukocytosis
C. Bleeding tendencies
