MVU Nurs 623 Exam 2 with verified detailed solutions

MVU Nurs 623 Exam 2 with verified
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detailed solutions ||




Common endocrine problems - Correct answer ✔
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Hirsutism

Alopecia

Gynecomastia

Increased neck mass || ||




Polydipsia

Polyphagia

Polyuria

Unexplaned weight gain/loss || ||




Organize endocrine disorders - Correct answer ✔Glandular Disorders
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Thyroid

parathyroid

pituatary

adrenal



Diabetes ||




DM1

,DM@

hypoglycemia



Metabolic disorders ||




Obesity

Gout



Pituatary gland - Correct answer ✔the endocrine system's most influential
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gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, it regulates growth and
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controls other endocrine glands.
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When thyroid hormone levels in the blood are low, the pituitary releases more
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TSH. When thyroid hormone levels are high, the pituitary decreases TSH
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production.



When theres a problem in the pituatary you will see tsh and T4 both down.
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How to differentiate hypothyroid and hyperthyroidism. - Correct answer
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✔What differentiates one from the other
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•Causes

•Clinical presentation ||




•Diagnostic tests ||




•Treatment

,Hyperthyroidism - Correct answer ✔•Excess secretion & synthesis of one or
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both: Thyroxine (t4)
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triiodothroinine (t3) ||




Long term effects without treatment:
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Heart disease
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osteoporosis

Mental disease ||




infertility



Hyperthyroidism clinical findings - Correct answer ✔"Hot/buldging/fast"
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-intolerance to heat || ||




-thin fine hair
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-bulging eyes (exopthalmus)
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-thryomegaly

-tachycardia

-HTN

-weight loss ||




-Tremors.

-pretibial myxedema (thickening of skin on shins usually)
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-decreased visual acuity || ||




-photophobia.

, Hypothyroid clinical manifestations - Correct answer ✔"cold/slow/tired"
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-Intolerance to cold, coarse hair/ hair loss, extreme -fatigue, lethargy, slow
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speech, constipation, brittle -hair/ nails.
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-High TSH ||




-Low free T4 levels
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-Once confirmed diagnosis of hypothyroidism, -thyroid peroxidase antibody
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(TPO) to confirm || ||




-Hashimoto's thyroiditis (gold standard for diagnosis of Hashimoto's) || || || || || || ||




hyperthyroidism causes - Correct answer ✔Graves disease (diffuse toxic goiter) || || || || || || || || || ||




is most common. Subacute or painless thyroiditis. Toxic nodular goiter.
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Factitious hyperthyroidism. ||




Hypothyroidism causes - Correct answer ✔Hashimoto thyroiditis (90% of cases) || || || || || || || || ||




Subacute painless lymphocytic thyroiditis || || ||




Hypopituitarism, iodine deficiency, enzyme deficiency || || || ||




Drugs: Amiodarone, lithium, sulfonamides, phenylbutazone
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Hypothalamic dysfunction/hypopituitarism ||




Diagnostic tests for thyroid problems - Correct answer ✔TSH
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Free T 4
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