APK3200 FINAL QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2025/2026.
What are the 3 phases of motor learning? - ✅✅cognitive, associative, autonomous
What is another way to describe autonomous motor learning? - ✅✅automatic
Which of the following are true regarding the cognitive phase of motor learning?
A) all strategies are retained
B) performance is consistent
C) involves improvements with what to do rather than movement patterns
D) involves small changes in motor patterns - ✅✅C
good strategies are retained while bad strategies are discarded, performance is
inconsistent, and D refers to associative phase
True or False: by the time an individual enters the associative phase of motor learning,
the overall pattern is already set - ✅✅True
associative phase involves subtle adjustments, even though the overall pattern is set
True or False: "cognitive" phase is the beginner phase - ✅✅False
cognitive is not necessarily "beginner"... even when you master one skill, you can use
your cognition to learn skills on top of the mastered skills
In the autonomous phase, a task can be performed with ___ interference from
secondary tasks than in other phases. - ✅✅less
Which of the following describes the strongest mechanism for how we learn?
A) observational
B) use-dependent
C) error based
D) reinforcement - ✅✅C
In error based learning, the optimal solution will be the one that has the ___ variability. -
✅✅least
What is needed for an individual to figure out how to be more accurate?
,A) constructive criticism
B) instructor feedback
C) auditory feedback
D) visual feedback - ✅✅D
True or False: a learner will develop error detection capability, even if they do not know
what they are trying to do. - ✅✅False
the learner needs to know what they are trying to do in order to develop this capability
What phase will a learner stay in if they do not know how to evaluate performance?
A) cognitive
B) associative
C) autonomous - ✅✅A
If the learner is developing an error detection capability, then subjective and objective
error should be ___.
A) nonexistent
B) correlated
C) opposite
D) unrelated - ✅✅B
How are subjective and objective error related?
A) objective is related to the goal of the task while subjective is related to the outcome
of the task
B) both are related to the goal of the task
C) subjective error is a guess of the error, but objective error is the actual error
D) subjective error is the actual error, but objective error is a guess of the error - ✅✅B
and C
All of the following contribute to the sensations we get in closed loop control except...
A) bone
B) environmental
C) movement
D) muscle - ✅✅A
Muscle sensation is known as ___ while environmental sensation is known as ___.
A) exteroception; proprioception
B) proprioception; nociception
C) nociception; exteroception
, D) proprioception; exteroception - ✅✅D
When does the brain create a reference for movement?
A) after the response is selected and before it is programmed
B) before the muscles are activated
C) after the muscles activated, before movement sensation
D) once their is a change in the environment - ✅✅B
True or False: in closed and open loop control, you can adjust your movement as you
go. - ✅✅False
you can adjust your movement in closed, but not in open.
Dart throwing would be considered ____ loop control. - ✅✅open
Swimming would be considered ___ loop control. - ✅✅closed
Which of the following are ways we receive proprioceptive information?
A) muscle spindles
B) visual system
C) reflexes
D) golgi tendon organs - ✅✅A, C, D
visual system is considered exteroception, other ways we can receive proprioceptive
feedback are cutaneous receptors and efference copy
How long does movement need to be in a closed loop feedback circuit? - ✅✅long
enough for visual feedback to update system & improve movement
How long does movement have to be in order to be adjusted for error?
A) 50-100 ms
B) 100-150 ms
C) 150-200 ms
D) 200-250 ms - ✅✅B
True or False: if you are making really fast movements, the visual feedback somewhat
helps and you stay bad in some conditions (with some success in others). - ✅✅False
When you are making really fast movements (about 75 ms), the visual feedback does
not help & you stay bad in both lights on & off conditions.
Why do we slow down when we want to be accurate?
ANSWERS 2025/2026.
What are the 3 phases of motor learning? - ✅✅cognitive, associative, autonomous
What is another way to describe autonomous motor learning? - ✅✅automatic
Which of the following are true regarding the cognitive phase of motor learning?
A) all strategies are retained
B) performance is consistent
C) involves improvements with what to do rather than movement patterns
D) involves small changes in motor patterns - ✅✅C
good strategies are retained while bad strategies are discarded, performance is
inconsistent, and D refers to associative phase
True or False: by the time an individual enters the associative phase of motor learning,
the overall pattern is already set - ✅✅True
associative phase involves subtle adjustments, even though the overall pattern is set
True or False: "cognitive" phase is the beginner phase - ✅✅False
cognitive is not necessarily "beginner"... even when you master one skill, you can use
your cognition to learn skills on top of the mastered skills
In the autonomous phase, a task can be performed with ___ interference from
secondary tasks than in other phases. - ✅✅less
Which of the following describes the strongest mechanism for how we learn?
A) observational
B) use-dependent
C) error based
D) reinforcement - ✅✅C
In error based learning, the optimal solution will be the one that has the ___ variability. -
✅✅least
What is needed for an individual to figure out how to be more accurate?
,A) constructive criticism
B) instructor feedback
C) auditory feedback
D) visual feedback - ✅✅D
True or False: a learner will develop error detection capability, even if they do not know
what they are trying to do. - ✅✅False
the learner needs to know what they are trying to do in order to develop this capability
What phase will a learner stay in if they do not know how to evaluate performance?
A) cognitive
B) associative
C) autonomous - ✅✅A
If the learner is developing an error detection capability, then subjective and objective
error should be ___.
A) nonexistent
B) correlated
C) opposite
D) unrelated - ✅✅B
How are subjective and objective error related?
A) objective is related to the goal of the task while subjective is related to the outcome
of the task
B) both are related to the goal of the task
C) subjective error is a guess of the error, but objective error is the actual error
D) subjective error is the actual error, but objective error is a guess of the error - ✅✅B
and C
All of the following contribute to the sensations we get in closed loop control except...
A) bone
B) environmental
C) movement
D) muscle - ✅✅A
Muscle sensation is known as ___ while environmental sensation is known as ___.
A) exteroception; proprioception
B) proprioception; nociception
C) nociception; exteroception
, D) proprioception; exteroception - ✅✅D
When does the brain create a reference for movement?
A) after the response is selected and before it is programmed
B) before the muscles are activated
C) after the muscles activated, before movement sensation
D) once their is a change in the environment - ✅✅B
True or False: in closed and open loop control, you can adjust your movement as you
go. - ✅✅False
you can adjust your movement in closed, but not in open.
Dart throwing would be considered ____ loop control. - ✅✅open
Swimming would be considered ___ loop control. - ✅✅closed
Which of the following are ways we receive proprioceptive information?
A) muscle spindles
B) visual system
C) reflexes
D) golgi tendon organs - ✅✅A, C, D
visual system is considered exteroception, other ways we can receive proprioceptive
feedback are cutaneous receptors and efference copy
How long does movement need to be in a closed loop feedback circuit? - ✅✅long
enough for visual feedback to update system & improve movement
How long does movement have to be in order to be adjusted for error?
A) 50-100 ms
B) 100-150 ms
C) 150-200 ms
D) 200-250 ms - ✅✅B
True or False: if you are making really fast movements, the visual feedback somewhat
helps and you stay bad in some conditions (with some success in others). - ✅✅False
When you are making really fast movements (about 75 ms), the visual feedback does
not help & you stay bad in both lights on & off conditions.
Why do we slow down when we want to be accurate?
