BSC 1005 Exam 2 review questions with complete
solutions A+ rated
1. First Law of
Ther- energy cannot be created or destroyed
modynamics energy is converted or transformed from one form to another
2. Second Law energy transformation is not 100%. In energy transformation some
of
Thermodynam energy is lost as heat. Heat is a random and unordered form of energy
- ics that cells cannot do too much with.
3. Entropy the tendency of a system toward randomness or disorganization
the universe's entropy is increasing
4. Potential Energy stored energy or energy that has to do with the position that is
available to do
work.
ex- chemical energy, ATP
5. Kinetic Energy energy associated with motion or movement; is the energy being used to
do
work.
Heat is related to kinetic energy. It is a very random form of energy and
cells cannot do too much with heat
6. Oxidation
Reac- tion losing electrons
7. Reduction
Reac- tion gaining electrons
8. Exergonic
Reac- tion
chemical reaction that proceeds with a net release of energy. This type
of chemical reaction is normally used to break down complex molecules.
Cellular respiration is an example of an exergonic process
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27
,BSC 1005 Exam 2 review questions with complete
solutions A+ rated
9. Endergonic Reac- reaction that requires an input of energy in order to convert reactants
(substrates)
tion into products. This type of chemical reaction is often used to build complex
molecules. Photosynthesis is an example of an endergonic
process.
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27
, BSC 1005 Exam 2 review questions with complete
solutions A+ rated
10. what is ATP adenosine triphosphate
is the universal energy carrier in cells and in all living organims. It is an
organic molecule; in fact it is a a modified nucleotide.
has an adenine nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar and three phosphate
groups instead of only one.
11. how does
ATP work The way ATP provides energy to ditterent events is by losing phosphate
groups with the release energy. This process is exergonic (i.e. it
releases energy; see below for the hydrolysis of ATP).The synthesis of ATP
12. what are (i.e the reverse process) is endergonic. Addition of a phosphate group
En- zymes to ADP forms ATP.
agents found in cells that are also called biological
catalysts are usually proteins
13. what do Enzymes speed up a chemical reaction without being consumed (i.e - they can
be reused)
do
14. how do
Enzymes work -enzymes do not alter the energy of the reactants or the products
-Therefore the ditterence in energy between the final state and the initial
state is not changed. The only parameter that enzymes can change is
the activation energy
15. Cofactors nonprotein helpers
-a small ion (Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, etc.) present on the active site of
enzymes.
16. coEnzymes -nonprotein helpers
an organic molecule that often helps to accept or donate electrons in
chemical reactions
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solutions A+ rated
1. First Law of
Ther- energy cannot be created or destroyed
modynamics energy is converted or transformed from one form to another
2. Second Law energy transformation is not 100%. In energy transformation some
of
Thermodynam energy is lost as heat. Heat is a random and unordered form of energy
- ics that cells cannot do too much with.
3. Entropy the tendency of a system toward randomness or disorganization
the universe's entropy is increasing
4. Potential Energy stored energy or energy that has to do with the position that is
available to do
work.
ex- chemical energy, ATP
5. Kinetic Energy energy associated with motion or movement; is the energy being used to
do
work.
Heat is related to kinetic energy. It is a very random form of energy and
cells cannot do too much with heat
6. Oxidation
Reac- tion losing electrons
7. Reduction
Reac- tion gaining electrons
8. Exergonic
Reac- tion
chemical reaction that proceeds with a net release of energy. This type
of chemical reaction is normally used to break down complex molecules.
Cellular respiration is an example of an exergonic process
1/
27
,BSC 1005 Exam 2 review questions with complete
solutions A+ rated
9. Endergonic Reac- reaction that requires an input of energy in order to convert reactants
(substrates)
tion into products. This type of chemical reaction is often used to build complex
molecules. Photosynthesis is an example of an endergonic
process.
2/
27
, BSC 1005 Exam 2 review questions with complete
solutions A+ rated
10. what is ATP adenosine triphosphate
is the universal energy carrier in cells and in all living organims. It is an
organic molecule; in fact it is a a modified nucleotide.
has an adenine nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar and three phosphate
groups instead of only one.
11. how does
ATP work The way ATP provides energy to ditterent events is by losing phosphate
groups with the release energy. This process is exergonic (i.e. it
releases energy; see below for the hydrolysis of ATP).The synthesis of ATP
12. what are (i.e the reverse process) is endergonic. Addition of a phosphate group
En- zymes to ADP forms ATP.
agents found in cells that are also called biological
catalysts are usually proteins
13. what do Enzymes speed up a chemical reaction without being consumed (i.e - they can
be reused)
do
14. how do
Enzymes work -enzymes do not alter the energy of the reactants or the products
-Therefore the ditterence in energy between the final state and the initial
state is not changed. The only parameter that enzymes can change is
the activation energy
15. Cofactors nonprotein helpers
-a small ion (Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, etc.) present on the active site of
enzymes.
16. coEnzymes -nonprotein helpers
an organic molecule that often helps to accept or donate electrons in
chemical reactions
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27
