Microbiology ch8 test 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
ACCURATE 2025.
Metabolism - all chemical and physical workings of a cell
Catabolism - degradative, breaks the bonds of larger molecules forming smaller
molecules. Releases energy
Anabolism - biosynthesis, process that forms larger macromolecules from smaller
molecules. Requires energy input
Enzymes - are biological catalysts that increase the rate of a chemical reaction by
lowering the energy of activation
Simple Enzymes - consists of proteins alone
Holoenzymes - contain protein and nonprotein molecules
Apoenzymes - protein portion of enzyme
Cofactors - non-protein portion of enzyme
Coenzymes - organic colecules
Active site - site for substrate binding
Induced fit - a temporary enzyme-substrate union occurs when substrate moves into
active site
Exoenzymes - transported extracellularly, where they break down large food molecules
or harmful chemicals
Endoenzymes - retained intracellularly and function there
Constitutive enzymes - always present, always produced in equal amounts or at equal
rates regardless of substrate amount
Regulated enzymes - not constantly present, production is turned on or off in response
to changes in the substrate concentration
Synthesis/Condensation reactions - anabolic reactions to form covalent bonds between
smaller substrate molecules, require ATP, release 1 water molecule
ACCURATE 2025.
Metabolism - all chemical and physical workings of a cell
Catabolism - degradative, breaks the bonds of larger molecules forming smaller
molecules. Releases energy
Anabolism - biosynthesis, process that forms larger macromolecules from smaller
molecules. Requires energy input
Enzymes - are biological catalysts that increase the rate of a chemical reaction by
lowering the energy of activation
Simple Enzymes - consists of proteins alone
Holoenzymes - contain protein and nonprotein molecules
Apoenzymes - protein portion of enzyme
Cofactors - non-protein portion of enzyme
Coenzymes - organic colecules
Active site - site for substrate binding
Induced fit - a temporary enzyme-substrate union occurs when substrate moves into
active site
Exoenzymes - transported extracellularly, where they break down large food molecules
or harmful chemicals
Endoenzymes - retained intracellularly and function there
Constitutive enzymes - always present, always produced in equal amounts or at equal
rates regardless of substrate amount
Regulated enzymes - not constantly present, production is turned on or off in response
to changes in the substrate concentration
Synthesis/Condensation reactions - anabolic reactions to form covalent bonds between
smaller substrate molecules, require ATP, release 1 water molecule
