GED STUDY GUIDE - Mathematical Reasoning - Basic Math Actual Exam Questions And 100% Verified Correct Answers.

Rational numbers are - correct answer Any number that can be written as a fraction or ratio. Counting numbers - correct answer The numbers used to count; the members of the set {1,2,3,4,5,...}. Also called natural numbers. Whole numbers - correct answer (0,1,2,3,4...) Integers - correct answer Whole numbers and their opposites (. . . -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3. . .) Rational numbers - correct answer All positive and negative integers, fractions and decimal numbers. Ordering - correct answer Placing numbers in an order in which they are listed from smallest to largest - correct answer Greater than - correct answer Less than 1,023,100 compared to 1,023,000 - correct answer 1,023,100 1,023,000 inequality - correct answer A statement that compares two quantities using , , ≤,≥, or ≠ ≤ - correct answer no more than, at most ≥ - correct answer No less than, at least Numerator - correct answer the top number in a fraction Denominator - correct answer The bottom number in a fraction Unit fraction - correct answer a fraction with a numerator of 1 Multiples - correct answer The numbers that result from multiplying a given whole number by the set of whole numbers (e.g., the multiples of 12 are 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60). least common multiple (LCM) - correct answer The smallest multiple those numbers have in common. Factors - correct answer Numbers that are multiplied to get a product. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 are factors of 12. 1 x 12 = 12. 2 x 6 = 12. 3 x 4 = 12. Prime factorization - correct answer a whole number expressed as a product of factors that are all called prime numbers Exponents - correct answer repeated multiplication of the same thing by itself 5³ = 5 x 5 x 5 = 125 Fractional Exponents - correct answer A power with an exponent that is a fraction. To turn into a radical, make the denominator your index, and the numerator your exponent on the radicand. Negative exponents - correct answer If your exponent is negative, move it to the opposite side of the fraction bar to make it positive. PEMDAS - correct answer The order in which you do problems with more than one operation. (P=Parenthesis E=Exponent M=Multiplication D=Division A=Addition S=Subtraction) (You usually multiply or divide first from left to right, then add from left to right.) absolute value - correct answer the distance between a number and zero; can never be negative Sum - correct answer addition: "the sum of 9 and 4" is 13 common denominator - correct answer the common multiple of two or more denominators (when using fractions) Difference - correct answer subtraction: "the difference of 9 and 4" is 5 Product - correct answer multiplication: "the product of 9 and 4" is 36 Quotient - correct answer division: "the quotient of 9 and 4" is 9/4=2.25 (2 1/4) Dividend - correct answer The number to be divided; goes inside. Divisor - correct answer The number used to divide another number; goes outside. Reciprocal - correct answer the number by which another number can be multiplied to produce 1, if you have a fraction its reciprocal is that fraction turned upside down Proper fraction - correct answer when the numerator is less than its denominator improper fraction - correct answer a fraction whose numerator is larger than the denominator 36/12 mixed number - correct answer A number that has a whole-number part and a fractional part. Example: 5½ Estimation - correct answer The use of rounding and/or other strategies to determine a reasonably accurate approximation, without calculating an exact answer (e.g., clustering, front-end estimating, grouping). Rounding - correct answer Replaces one number with another number that tells about how much or how many. Numbers are rounded to a multiple of 10, 100, 1,000, etc. Remember the rule: 5 or more raise the score; 5 or less let it rest. Decimal system - correct answer the decimal, or base 10, system is a # system that uses ten different digits (0-9) Decimal point - correct answer a dot seperating the whole number from the fraction Example: 3.45 decimal number - correct answer Any number written with a decimal point in the number. A decimal number falls between two whole numbers (e.g., 4.7 falls between 5 and 6). Decimal numbers smaller than 1 are sometimes called decimal fractions (e.g., three-tenths is written 0.3). terminating decimal - correct answer a decimal number in which the decimal digits come to an end repeating decimal - correct answer a decimal in which a pattern of one or more digits is repeated indefinitely, such as 0.353535 ... Commutative Property of Addition - correct answer 5+4 = 4+5 Commutative Property of Multiplication - correct answer 3 x 2 = 2 x 3 Associative Property of Addition - correct answer (8 + 7) + 1 = 8 + (7 + 1) Associative Property of Multiplication - correct answer (7 x 2) x 6 = 7 x (2 x 6) Identity Property of Multiplication - correct answer a × 1 = a Identity Property of addition - correct answer any number plus zero is still that same number Inverse Property of Addition - correct answer Any number added to its inverse equals 0. 1 + -1 = 0 Inverse Property of Multiplication - correct answer Any number multiplied by its reciprocal equals 1. 2 x 1/2 = 2/1 x 1/2 = 1