HNG 540 Exam 3 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS 2024/2025.
What is the mechanism of action for Colchicine? - Anti-Gout agent that **decreases
inflammatory response**
What medication treats acute phase of gout? - Colchicine
What medication treats long term phase of gout? - Allopurinol
How does allopurinol work? - inhibits the breakdown of purines to uric acid, lowering the
uric acid levels in the urine. Allopurinol is mainly used to prevent uric acid stones and it
is a great choice for patients with urinary calculi. Prevents flare ups.
What class of medications is allopurinol? - xanthine oxidase inhibitors
What is the mechanism of action for Probenecid? - Drug Class: Uricosurics
lowers high levels of uric acid in the body by helping the kidneys to get rid of uric acid
What is the main treatment of Osteoarthritis? - Tylenol
Voltaren Gel (NSAID)
Joint Injections- benefits wear off (max 3-4 per year)
What is the most common treatment for rheumatoid arthritis? - Methotrexate
What group of medications does methotrexate belong to? - disease-modifying
antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
What class of medications does Humira belong to? - Tumor necrosis factor blockers
What 3 things is it important to screen for before starting biologic therapies? - latent TB
Hep B
Hep C
What are biologic medications made from? - living cells
What is the mechanism of action of Alendronate (Fosamax)? - The bisphosphonates **
inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption and reduce inflammation**
What is the mechanism of action of Ibandronate (Boniva)? - Inhibits osteoclast activity
and reduces bone resorption and turnover
What is a contraindication for using Alendronate (Fosamax) and Ibandronate (Boniva)?
- Barret Esophagus
, What is the first line treatment for treating osteoporosis? - Alendronate (Fosamax)
Which medication treats and prevents osteoporosis? - Ibandronate (Boniva). It can help
improve bone mineral density and lower the risk of back fractures.
What class of medications is Metformin (Glucophage)? - Biguanides
How does Metformin work? - Decreases the amount of glucose absorbed from foods
and the amount of glucose made by the liver. Decreases glycogenolysis and protects
the heart.
What should you check for before prescribing metformin? - renal function
What are the dangerous side effects of metformin? - lactic acidosis
How do Sulfonylureas (glipizide) and Meglitinides work? - directly stimulate insulin
release from pancreatic beta cells, lowering blood glucose concentrations by increasing
insulin secretion
What should you look for in patients taking both Metformin and Sulfonylureas? -
hypoglycemia
Dapagliflozin is in what class of medication? . - sodium-glucose co-transporter 2
(SGLT2) inhibitors
What medication class is Trulicity (dulaglutide) ? - GLP-1 receptor agonist
What is the mechanism of action for Trulicity? - Binds to GLP-1 receptors stimulating
insulin secretion and lowering glucagon secretion from the liver
How do we manage Trulicity and Dapagliflozin in clinical practice? - repeating A1C q3
months until the patient is well controlled
How are insulins classified? - timing of action in the body
how quickly they start to act when they have maximal effect
how long they act
Which insulin is the drug of choice in hospitals for treating patients with ketoacidosis? -
Regular or short acting
How long does it take regular insulin to reach the blood stream, when does it peak, and
how long does it last? - reaches the blood stream in 30 mins, peaks within 2-3 hours
and lasts about 3-6 hours
WITH ANSWERS 2024/2025.
What is the mechanism of action for Colchicine? - Anti-Gout agent that **decreases
inflammatory response**
What medication treats acute phase of gout? - Colchicine
What medication treats long term phase of gout? - Allopurinol
How does allopurinol work? - inhibits the breakdown of purines to uric acid, lowering the
uric acid levels in the urine. Allopurinol is mainly used to prevent uric acid stones and it
is a great choice for patients with urinary calculi. Prevents flare ups.
What class of medications is allopurinol? - xanthine oxidase inhibitors
What is the mechanism of action for Probenecid? - Drug Class: Uricosurics
lowers high levels of uric acid in the body by helping the kidneys to get rid of uric acid
What is the main treatment of Osteoarthritis? - Tylenol
Voltaren Gel (NSAID)
Joint Injections- benefits wear off (max 3-4 per year)
What is the most common treatment for rheumatoid arthritis? - Methotrexate
What group of medications does methotrexate belong to? - disease-modifying
antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
What class of medications does Humira belong to? - Tumor necrosis factor blockers
What 3 things is it important to screen for before starting biologic therapies? - latent TB
Hep B
Hep C
What are biologic medications made from? - living cells
What is the mechanism of action of Alendronate (Fosamax)? - The bisphosphonates **
inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption and reduce inflammation**
What is the mechanism of action of Ibandronate (Boniva)? - Inhibits osteoclast activity
and reduces bone resorption and turnover
What is a contraindication for using Alendronate (Fosamax) and Ibandronate (Boniva)?
- Barret Esophagus
, What is the first line treatment for treating osteoporosis? - Alendronate (Fosamax)
Which medication treats and prevents osteoporosis? - Ibandronate (Boniva). It can help
improve bone mineral density and lower the risk of back fractures.
What class of medications is Metformin (Glucophage)? - Biguanides
How does Metformin work? - Decreases the amount of glucose absorbed from foods
and the amount of glucose made by the liver. Decreases glycogenolysis and protects
the heart.
What should you check for before prescribing metformin? - renal function
What are the dangerous side effects of metformin? - lactic acidosis
How do Sulfonylureas (glipizide) and Meglitinides work? - directly stimulate insulin
release from pancreatic beta cells, lowering blood glucose concentrations by increasing
insulin secretion
What should you look for in patients taking both Metformin and Sulfonylureas? -
hypoglycemia
Dapagliflozin is in what class of medication? . - sodium-glucose co-transporter 2
(SGLT2) inhibitors
What medication class is Trulicity (dulaglutide) ? - GLP-1 receptor agonist
What is the mechanism of action for Trulicity? - Binds to GLP-1 receptors stimulating
insulin secretion and lowering glucagon secretion from the liver
How do we manage Trulicity and Dapagliflozin in clinical practice? - repeating A1C q3
months until the patient is well controlled
How are insulins classified? - timing of action in the body
how quickly they start to act when they have maximal effect
how long they act
Which insulin is the drug of choice in hospitals for treating patients with ketoacidosis? -
Regular or short acting
How long does it take regular insulin to reach the blood stream, when does it peak, and
how long does it last? - reaches the blood stream in 30 mins, peaks within 2-3 hours
and lasts about 3-6 hours
