ECPI A&P 1 Final Exam
action potential - a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
active diffusion - movement from LOW to High areas of concentration. Requires enegry
Adipocytes - fat cells
Aldosterone - Hormone that stimulates the kidney to retain sodium ions and water
Ampharthrotic - slightly movable joints
Anaphase - the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move
toward opposite poles
Aponeurosis - strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to bone
ball and socket joint - hip and shoulder joints
brachial region - arm (shoulder to elbow)
Calcitonin - Lowers blood calcium levels (thyroid)
cardiac muscle - Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.
carpal region - wrist
cell membrane - thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Cell parts - *-Organelles:* Cell parts that function within a cell. They coordinate with other
organelles to performs a cell's basic function, like energy processing and waste excretion.
~Examples: *Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus, Mitochondria, The Nucleus.*
cervical region - the first 7 vertebrae, comprising the neck
Characteristics of DNA - double helix, A,T,C,G, in the nucleus
Chemoreceptors - respond to chemicals
Chondrocytes - mature cartilage cells that reside in lacunae. a cell which has secreted the matrix
of cartilage and become embedded in it.
, choroid - middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retina and the sclera
Cornea - The clear tissue that covers the front of the eye
covalent bond - A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a
molecule
crural region - leg, from knee to ankle
Cytokinesis - division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
Dermis - Inner layer of skin
DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as
the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
eccrine glands - glands that produce sweat; found over most of the body
Endocrine - the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete
hormones into the bloodstream
Endocrine means? - internal secretion
Epidermis - outermost layer of skin
EPSP - Excitatory postsynaptic potential; a slight depolarization of a postsynaptic cell, bringing
the membrane potential of that cell closer to the threshold for an action potential.
Erythrocytes - red blood cells (RBC); no nucleus, contain hemoglobin which carries oxygen
extension - Straightening of a joint
femoral region - thigh region
fibrous joints - consists of inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, holds the bones tightly
together
Flexion - bending a joint
function of lipids - long term energy storage
gap junctions - Points that provide cytoplasmic channels from one cell to another with special
membrane proteins. Also called communicating junctions.
glucagon - A protein hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises blood glucose
levels; an antagonistic hormone to insulin.
gluteal region - buttocks; on posterior side of trunk
action potential - a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
active diffusion - movement from LOW to High areas of concentration. Requires enegry
Adipocytes - fat cells
Aldosterone - Hormone that stimulates the kidney to retain sodium ions and water
Ampharthrotic - slightly movable joints
Anaphase - the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move
toward opposite poles
Aponeurosis - strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to bone
ball and socket joint - hip and shoulder joints
brachial region - arm (shoulder to elbow)
Calcitonin - Lowers blood calcium levels (thyroid)
cardiac muscle - Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.
carpal region - wrist
cell membrane - thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Cell parts - *-Organelles:* Cell parts that function within a cell. They coordinate with other
organelles to performs a cell's basic function, like energy processing and waste excretion.
~Examples: *Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus, Mitochondria, The Nucleus.*
cervical region - the first 7 vertebrae, comprising the neck
Characteristics of DNA - double helix, A,T,C,G, in the nucleus
Chemoreceptors - respond to chemicals
Chondrocytes - mature cartilage cells that reside in lacunae. a cell which has secreted the matrix
of cartilage and become embedded in it.
, choroid - middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retina and the sclera
Cornea - The clear tissue that covers the front of the eye
covalent bond - A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a
molecule
crural region - leg, from knee to ankle
Cytokinesis - division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
Dermis - Inner layer of skin
DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as
the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
eccrine glands - glands that produce sweat; found over most of the body
Endocrine - the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete
hormones into the bloodstream
Endocrine means? - internal secretion
Epidermis - outermost layer of skin
EPSP - Excitatory postsynaptic potential; a slight depolarization of a postsynaptic cell, bringing
the membrane potential of that cell closer to the threshold for an action potential.
Erythrocytes - red blood cells (RBC); no nucleus, contain hemoglobin which carries oxygen
extension - Straightening of a joint
femoral region - thigh region
fibrous joints - consists of inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, holds the bones tightly
together
Flexion - bending a joint
function of lipids - long term energy storage
gap junctions - Points that provide cytoplasmic channels from one cell to another with special
membrane proteins. Also called communicating junctions.
glucagon - A protein hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises blood glucose
levels; an antagonistic hormone to insulin.
gluteal region - buttocks; on posterior side of trunk
