COFC - GEOLOGY 105 PEO #3 W/ CAREW
What are Lycophytes - Answers :Trees in late carboniferous swamps, plants that had
underground branches not roots
What is the most important evolutionary advance of the reptiles compared to the
amphibians? - Answers :Amniote eggs
Fossil evidence for what type of terrestrial invertebrates appears first in the fossil
record? - Answers :Wingless insects
In what way were the soft-bodied fossils of organisms in the Ediacara Biota preserved?
- Answers :Impressions between thin sand and mud layers
Jaws evolved by the modification of what? - Answers :Gill arches or bars
In what type of environment did the transition from fish --> amphibian take place? -
Answers :Rivers and swamps
What were the dominant vertebrate land animals in the Late Carboniferous
(Pennsylvania)? - Answers :Amphibians
Which plant group did not exist on Earth at any time during the Paleozoic Era? -
Answers :Angiosperms or flowering plants
What do the "sclerites" of the Small Shelly Fossils represent? - Answers :Tiny pieces of
exoskeleton (armor)
What developed first AND last as some lineages of fishes evolved into amphibians? -
Answers :First the head, then the hind legs (down the body)
___ are the earliest evidence for land plants in the fossil record. - Answers :Spores
The extensive deposition of evaporites and widespread continental redbeds formed in
deserts during the Permian period provide evidence for climatic changes that seem to
have favored what? - Answers :Reptiles over amphibians
To what animal Phylum is it thought that the frondose Edicara Biota fossils probably
belong? - Answers :Cnidaria
When does the geologic record seem to indicate the oxygen concentration first began to
significantly rise in the atmosphere? - Answers :2.3 to 2 billion years ago
, What feature of the history of the Cambrian period was influential in the development of
the great diversity of benthic shelled marine animal taxa that evolved during that time? -
Answers :Transgression and expansion of the shallow sea environment
The Catskill Deltaic Wedge provides evidence for what? - Answers :continental collision
in the Devonian, Acadian Orogeny
The most significant difference between placoderms and ostracoderms is what? -
Answers :Jaws
The dominant group of early amphibians is named for the type of teeth they have in
common with their lobe-finned fish ancestors is what? - Answers :Labyrinthodonts
Which group of fishes were probably the ancestors of both chondryicthyes and
osteichthyes? - Answers :Acanthodians
The dominant fishes of the marine environment during the Devonian were the ______. -
Answers :Placoderms
The coal reserves of the Appalachian Basin, which fueled the American Industrial
Revolution, were deposited during the ____ Period. - Answers :Late Carboniferous
(Pennsylvanian)
During which geologic period was there extensive limestone deposition across most of
Laurentia, which produced the rock used for many federal buildings and the Empire
State Building? - Answers :Early Carboniferous (Mississippian)
Small shelly fossils, which are the evidence for the first animals with mineralized
skeletons, are mostly found in rocks of ____ age. - Answers :Early Cambrian
The scientific evidence suggests that the most likely invertebrate ancestors of the
Chordata were probably? - Answers :Tunicate larvae
Which geologic period is dominated by trilobites? - Answers :Cambrian
The earliest tectonic collision in the Paleozoic era, involving Laurentia, appears to have
occurred between an island arc and Southern Laurentia. This happened in the
_______________. - Answers :Mid-Late Ordovician
What tectonic event happened in the early Paleozoic era which involved Laurentia? -
Answers :Taconic Orogeny
During which geologic period did the first forests develop on Earth? - Answers
:Devonian
What are Lycophytes - Answers :Trees in late carboniferous swamps, plants that had
underground branches not roots
What is the most important evolutionary advance of the reptiles compared to the
amphibians? - Answers :Amniote eggs
Fossil evidence for what type of terrestrial invertebrates appears first in the fossil
record? - Answers :Wingless insects
In what way were the soft-bodied fossils of organisms in the Ediacara Biota preserved?
- Answers :Impressions between thin sand and mud layers
Jaws evolved by the modification of what? - Answers :Gill arches or bars
In what type of environment did the transition from fish --> amphibian take place? -
Answers :Rivers and swamps
What were the dominant vertebrate land animals in the Late Carboniferous
(Pennsylvania)? - Answers :Amphibians
Which plant group did not exist on Earth at any time during the Paleozoic Era? -
Answers :Angiosperms or flowering plants
What do the "sclerites" of the Small Shelly Fossils represent? - Answers :Tiny pieces of
exoskeleton (armor)
What developed first AND last as some lineages of fishes evolved into amphibians? -
Answers :First the head, then the hind legs (down the body)
___ are the earliest evidence for land plants in the fossil record. - Answers :Spores
The extensive deposition of evaporites and widespread continental redbeds formed in
deserts during the Permian period provide evidence for climatic changes that seem to
have favored what? - Answers :Reptiles over amphibians
To what animal Phylum is it thought that the frondose Edicara Biota fossils probably
belong? - Answers :Cnidaria
When does the geologic record seem to indicate the oxygen concentration first began to
significantly rise in the atmosphere? - Answers :2.3 to 2 billion years ago
, What feature of the history of the Cambrian period was influential in the development of
the great diversity of benthic shelled marine animal taxa that evolved during that time? -
Answers :Transgression and expansion of the shallow sea environment
The Catskill Deltaic Wedge provides evidence for what? - Answers :continental collision
in the Devonian, Acadian Orogeny
The most significant difference between placoderms and ostracoderms is what? -
Answers :Jaws
The dominant group of early amphibians is named for the type of teeth they have in
common with their lobe-finned fish ancestors is what? - Answers :Labyrinthodonts
Which group of fishes were probably the ancestors of both chondryicthyes and
osteichthyes? - Answers :Acanthodians
The dominant fishes of the marine environment during the Devonian were the ______. -
Answers :Placoderms
The coal reserves of the Appalachian Basin, which fueled the American Industrial
Revolution, were deposited during the ____ Period. - Answers :Late Carboniferous
(Pennsylvanian)
During which geologic period was there extensive limestone deposition across most of
Laurentia, which produced the rock used for many federal buildings and the Empire
State Building? - Answers :Early Carboniferous (Mississippian)
Small shelly fossils, which are the evidence for the first animals with mineralized
skeletons, are mostly found in rocks of ____ age. - Answers :Early Cambrian
The scientific evidence suggests that the most likely invertebrate ancestors of the
Chordata were probably? - Answers :Tunicate larvae
Which geologic period is dominated by trilobites? - Answers :Cambrian
The earliest tectonic collision in the Paleozoic era, involving Laurentia, appears to have
occurred between an island arc and Southern Laurentia. This happened in the
_______________. - Answers :Mid-Late Ordovician
What tectonic event happened in the early Paleozoic era which involved Laurentia? -
Answers :Taconic Orogeny
During which geologic period did the first forests develop on Earth? - Answers
:Devonian
