WGU ELO1 (Subject-Specific Pedagogy) Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed
Two Way Immersion/Dual Language - Answers A Native English speaking group and a non-English group,
are both taught academic content in both languages for an extended period of time. Helps develop
academic proficiency in both languages
Transitional Bilingual Education - Answers ELLs receive academic instruction for their first language for
part of the day. For the remainder of the day, they receive ESL taught traditionally, with the focus on
language plus some mainstream classes. As English proficiency increases ,instruction through the first
language decreases. Lasts 2-4 years.
ESL Pull-out - Answers Students attend mainstream classes for much of the day and also meet seperately
for about 3-10 hours a week in small gourps with an ESL instructor who focuses on language
development.
Content-Based ESL - Answers ELLs receive ESL instruction, taught by and ESL licensed teacher, in
preparation for grade-level content instruction in English. The emphasis is still on language
development, but augmented with academic subject matter vocabulary and beginning concepts.
Sheltered English Instruction - Answers ELLs are taught academic content in English by a content
licensed teacher. However, the English language used for instruction is adapted to the proficiency level
of the students. While the instruction focuses on content, sheltered English instruction also promotes
English language development.
Structured English Immersion - Answers ELLs are taught subject matter in English by a content licensed
teacher who is also licensed in ESL or bilingual education. The teacher is proficient in the first language
of the student. Students may use their native language for clarification, but the teacher uses only
English. NO ESL instruction is provided in this model.
Civil Rights Act - Answers No person based on national origin is denied the benefit of federal funded
programs
Elementary and Secondary Education Act - Answers -Various grants targeting specific populations called
"titles".
-Title 3 is for language instruction for LEP and immigrant students.
Equal Education Opportunities Act - Answers prohibits denying of equal educational opportunities based
on race, color, sex, or national origin.
Lau V. Nichols - Answers ~Equal treatment doesn't mean providing students with same facilities,
textbooks, teachers and curriculums
~Equal learning opportunities means different enhanced/modified approaches, materials, learning
environment to meet learners needs
, ~Teach in English but 1st language is allowed
Castaneda V. Pickard - Answers ~Texas school wasn't providing "Adequate instruction", meaning ESL
services based on research, evidence theory and pedagogy, services implemented by trained teachers
and appropriate resources, and regular monitoring of program effectiveness with action to modify
programs if found ineffective
Office of Civil Rights - Answers ~issued specific guidelines and mandates:
1 Qualified ESL teachers and evaluations of them
2 Criteria to exit students from ESL services
3 ESL students who qualify for sped
4ESL students who qualify for gt and other specialized programs.
Plyler v. Doe - Answers Supreme court ruled that regardless of documentation and citizen status, all
children deserve free public education
NCLB - Answers ~Schools must provide plan and documents of researched based ESL services
~For ELL's
1 Requires annual assessment of EL's language proficiency
2 schools are expected to meet annual measurable achievement objectives as determinded by the state.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: IDEA - Answers ~EL's need to be assessed for abilities in the
language they are most comfortable with
~Translators must be provided to inform parents and for the EL's to go through testing
~Multiple assessments must be included
home language survey (HLS) - Answers A survey required by the Office of Civil Rights upon a student's
admission to a public school to determine the predominant language spoken in the student's home.
Horne v Flores - Answers The Supreme Court declared that federal equal-education laws are concerned
with student outcomes, not financial inputs. Though the EEOA requires states to take "appropriate
action"26 to help ELs from falling behind their non-EL peers, the Court found that individual states must
determine how that obligation will be met, both financially and programmatically.
FERPA (Family Education Rights and Privacy Act) - Answers Schools are prohibited from providing any
outside agency—including the Immigration and Naturalization Service—with any information from a
student's school file that would expose their 6
Chapter 1: Legal Guidelines | August 2016
Two Way Immersion/Dual Language - Answers A Native English speaking group and a non-English group,
are both taught academic content in both languages for an extended period of time. Helps develop
academic proficiency in both languages
Transitional Bilingual Education - Answers ELLs receive academic instruction for their first language for
part of the day. For the remainder of the day, they receive ESL taught traditionally, with the focus on
language plus some mainstream classes. As English proficiency increases ,instruction through the first
language decreases. Lasts 2-4 years.
ESL Pull-out - Answers Students attend mainstream classes for much of the day and also meet seperately
for about 3-10 hours a week in small gourps with an ESL instructor who focuses on language
development.
Content-Based ESL - Answers ELLs receive ESL instruction, taught by and ESL licensed teacher, in
preparation for grade-level content instruction in English. The emphasis is still on language
development, but augmented with academic subject matter vocabulary and beginning concepts.
Sheltered English Instruction - Answers ELLs are taught academic content in English by a content
licensed teacher. However, the English language used for instruction is adapted to the proficiency level
of the students. While the instruction focuses on content, sheltered English instruction also promotes
English language development.
Structured English Immersion - Answers ELLs are taught subject matter in English by a content licensed
teacher who is also licensed in ESL or bilingual education. The teacher is proficient in the first language
of the student. Students may use their native language for clarification, but the teacher uses only
English. NO ESL instruction is provided in this model.
Civil Rights Act - Answers No person based on national origin is denied the benefit of federal funded
programs
Elementary and Secondary Education Act - Answers -Various grants targeting specific populations called
"titles".
-Title 3 is for language instruction for LEP and immigrant students.
Equal Education Opportunities Act - Answers prohibits denying of equal educational opportunities based
on race, color, sex, or national origin.
Lau V. Nichols - Answers ~Equal treatment doesn't mean providing students with same facilities,
textbooks, teachers and curriculums
~Equal learning opportunities means different enhanced/modified approaches, materials, learning
environment to meet learners needs
, ~Teach in English but 1st language is allowed
Castaneda V. Pickard - Answers ~Texas school wasn't providing "Adequate instruction", meaning ESL
services based on research, evidence theory and pedagogy, services implemented by trained teachers
and appropriate resources, and regular monitoring of program effectiveness with action to modify
programs if found ineffective
Office of Civil Rights - Answers ~issued specific guidelines and mandates:
1 Qualified ESL teachers and evaluations of them
2 Criteria to exit students from ESL services
3 ESL students who qualify for sped
4ESL students who qualify for gt and other specialized programs.
Plyler v. Doe - Answers Supreme court ruled that regardless of documentation and citizen status, all
children deserve free public education
NCLB - Answers ~Schools must provide plan and documents of researched based ESL services
~For ELL's
1 Requires annual assessment of EL's language proficiency
2 schools are expected to meet annual measurable achievement objectives as determinded by the state.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: IDEA - Answers ~EL's need to be assessed for abilities in the
language they are most comfortable with
~Translators must be provided to inform parents and for the EL's to go through testing
~Multiple assessments must be included
home language survey (HLS) - Answers A survey required by the Office of Civil Rights upon a student's
admission to a public school to determine the predominant language spoken in the student's home.
Horne v Flores - Answers The Supreme Court declared that federal equal-education laws are concerned
with student outcomes, not financial inputs. Though the EEOA requires states to take "appropriate
action"26 to help ELs from falling behind their non-EL peers, the Court found that individual states must
determine how that obligation will be met, both financially and programmatically.
FERPA (Family Education Rights and Privacy Act) - Answers Schools are prohibited from providing any
outside agency—including the Immigration and Naturalization Service—with any information from a
student's school file that would expose their 6
Chapter 1: Legal Guidelines | August 2016
