BIO - 202L Exam 1 Exam Cheatsheet 2025/26 |
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endocrine system - the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands
that secrete hormones into the bloodstream, long term
negative feedback - end product of a hormone(s) inhibits the release of the initial
hormone
positive feedback - hormone causes release of more of itself
hypothalamus - produces and secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that have
direct effect on anterior pituitary
pituitary gland - hypophysis, anterior and posterior lobes
pineal gland - synthesize melatonin
thyroid gland - releases triodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4) (require iodine to increase
metabolism) and calcitonin
hypothyroidism - condition of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid
levels in the blood that result in sluggishness, slow pulse, and often obesity
hyperthyroidism - excessive activity of the thyroid gland, increase body temp, increase
heart rate, weight loss, diarrhea
calcitonin - lowers blood calcium levels
parathyroid - 4 small glands that regulate calcium metabolism, raise blood calcium levels
thymus - gland in the thoracic cavity above the heart where T lymphocytes mature,
produce thymosins that help develop immune system
pancreas - between stomach and small intestine, endocrine and eccrine organ, secretes
insulin and glucagon to regulate blood glucose levels
insulin - stimulates transport of glucose across plasma membrane, lowers blood glucose
levels
glucagon - stimulates the liver to break down glycogen, raises blood glucose levels
Verified, Graded, and Pass Guaranteed
endocrine system - the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands
that secrete hormones into the bloodstream, long term
negative feedback - end product of a hormone(s) inhibits the release of the initial
hormone
positive feedback - hormone causes release of more of itself
hypothalamus - produces and secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that have
direct effect on anterior pituitary
pituitary gland - hypophysis, anterior and posterior lobes
pineal gland - synthesize melatonin
thyroid gland - releases triodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4) (require iodine to increase
metabolism) and calcitonin
hypothyroidism - condition of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid
levels in the blood that result in sluggishness, slow pulse, and often obesity
hyperthyroidism - excessive activity of the thyroid gland, increase body temp, increase
heart rate, weight loss, diarrhea
calcitonin - lowers blood calcium levels
parathyroid - 4 small glands that regulate calcium metabolism, raise blood calcium levels
thymus - gland in the thoracic cavity above the heart where T lymphocytes mature,
produce thymosins that help develop immune system
pancreas - between stomach and small intestine, endocrine and eccrine organ, secretes
insulin and glucagon to regulate blood glucose levels
insulin - stimulates transport of glucose across plasma membrane, lowers blood glucose
levels
glucagon - stimulates the liver to break down glycogen, raises blood glucose levels
