===
AP Psych 2025 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
John Locke ===(1632-1704) Philosopher that believed the mind was a tabula rosa (blank slate)
at birth and experience fills it
Francis Galton ===(1822-1911) Believed intelligence and most physical and mental
characteristics were inherited
Nature ===Genetics
Nurture ===Environment/ surroundings/ how you were raised
Eugenics ===A movement that encouraged selective breeding based on desirable genetic traits
Bio-Psycho-Social Model (psych perspectives) ===Considers biological, psychological, and
social factors and their complex interactions in understanding health, illness, and health care
delivery.
Psychodynamic Perspective ===How behavior stems from one's unconscious urges (usually
aggressive or sexual in nature) and/or unresolved childhood conflict
Behavioral Perspective ===How we learn certain behaviors, fears, and habits through
observation, reward, and punishment
Cognitive Perspective ===How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information
Biological Perspective ===How messages are sent from the brain to the body and vice versa,
how hormones and genetics influence moods and behaviors, how certain parts of the brain
specialize in certain tasks
Cultural Perspective ===How behavior and thinking vary across cultures, genders, and even
classes
Evolutionary Perspective ===How traits that enable adaptation to one's environment promote the
perpetuation of one's genes
Humanistic Perspective ===How we achieve personal growth and self-fulfillment
Psychologist ===(Ph.D, Psy.D) Study, asses, and treat troubled people with therapy
,Psychiatrist ===(M.D) Medical doctors who can use therapy to treat their patients, but mainly
prescribe medication for disordered individuals
Hindsight Bias ==="I knew it all along"
Confirmation Bias ===A tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions
and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence
False Consensus Effect ===The tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our
beliefs and behaviors
Overconfidence ===The tendency to be more confident than correct—to overestimate the
accuracy of our beliefs and judgments.
Observational ===Describes behavior
Correlational ===Predicts behavior
Experimental ===Explains behavior
Quantitative ===Data that is in numbers
Qualitative ===Data in the form of words
Case Study ===Intensive examination of behavior and mental problems associated with a
specific person or situation
-Needs to be ethically studied
Naturalistic Observation ===Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations
without trying to manipulate and control the situation
Meta-Analysis ===Statistical analysis combining results from multiple studies.
Correlation ===A measure of the relationship between two variables
Experiment ===A research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors to
observe the effect on some behavior or mental process
Longitudinal ===Describes research that measures a trait in a particular group of subjects or an
individual over a long period of time
Cross-Sectional ===Type of study that measures a variable across several age groups at the same
time
Positive Correlation ===A correlation where as one variable increases, the other also increases,
or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
, Negative Correlation ===as one variable increases, the other decreases
Scatterplot ===a graphed cluster of dots, each of which represents the values of two variables
Correlation Coefficient ===a statistical index of the relationship between two things (from -1 to
+1)
Advantages of Correlation ===Predictable, easiest, large sample size, shows validity, more
ethical than experiments
Disadvantages of Correlation ===Can't tell cause and effect, can't control outside of study
Illusionary Correlations ===Perceiving a relationship that does not exist
Survey ===The tool used to collect data for a correlational study
Likert Scale ===Rating scale from 1-5, 1-10, etc. It's a range
Experimentation ===Only strategy that can say "this causes this" by using a hypothesis
Hypothesis ===Future prediction. Use "will"
Scientific Method ===AFTAD
A: ask a question
F: form a hypothesis
T: test hypothesis
Population --> Random Sample --> Random Assignment
A: analyze the data
D: draw a conclusion
Experimental Group ===Receives treatment/ independent variable
Control Group ===Receives placebo/ dependent variable
Placebo Effect ===Changing ones behavior or feeling different because you believe you should
Independent Variable ===The thing given, taken away, or changed in the experimental group
Dependent Variable ===The behavior being measured
Operatonal Definition ===Stating exactly how the variables are measured
Single-Blind Study ===When the participants do not know whether they are receiving the
treatment or not.
AP Psych 2025 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
John Locke ===(1632-1704) Philosopher that believed the mind was a tabula rosa (blank slate)
at birth and experience fills it
Francis Galton ===(1822-1911) Believed intelligence and most physical and mental
characteristics were inherited
Nature ===Genetics
Nurture ===Environment/ surroundings/ how you were raised
Eugenics ===A movement that encouraged selective breeding based on desirable genetic traits
Bio-Psycho-Social Model (psych perspectives) ===Considers biological, psychological, and
social factors and their complex interactions in understanding health, illness, and health care
delivery.
Psychodynamic Perspective ===How behavior stems from one's unconscious urges (usually
aggressive or sexual in nature) and/or unresolved childhood conflict
Behavioral Perspective ===How we learn certain behaviors, fears, and habits through
observation, reward, and punishment
Cognitive Perspective ===How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information
Biological Perspective ===How messages are sent from the brain to the body and vice versa,
how hormones and genetics influence moods and behaviors, how certain parts of the brain
specialize in certain tasks
Cultural Perspective ===How behavior and thinking vary across cultures, genders, and even
classes
Evolutionary Perspective ===How traits that enable adaptation to one's environment promote the
perpetuation of one's genes
Humanistic Perspective ===How we achieve personal growth and self-fulfillment
Psychologist ===(Ph.D, Psy.D) Study, asses, and treat troubled people with therapy
,Psychiatrist ===(M.D) Medical doctors who can use therapy to treat their patients, but mainly
prescribe medication for disordered individuals
Hindsight Bias ==="I knew it all along"
Confirmation Bias ===A tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions
and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence
False Consensus Effect ===The tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our
beliefs and behaviors
Overconfidence ===The tendency to be more confident than correct—to overestimate the
accuracy of our beliefs and judgments.
Observational ===Describes behavior
Correlational ===Predicts behavior
Experimental ===Explains behavior
Quantitative ===Data that is in numbers
Qualitative ===Data in the form of words
Case Study ===Intensive examination of behavior and mental problems associated with a
specific person or situation
-Needs to be ethically studied
Naturalistic Observation ===Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations
without trying to manipulate and control the situation
Meta-Analysis ===Statistical analysis combining results from multiple studies.
Correlation ===A measure of the relationship between two variables
Experiment ===A research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors to
observe the effect on some behavior or mental process
Longitudinal ===Describes research that measures a trait in a particular group of subjects or an
individual over a long period of time
Cross-Sectional ===Type of study that measures a variable across several age groups at the same
time
Positive Correlation ===A correlation where as one variable increases, the other also increases,
or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction.
, Negative Correlation ===as one variable increases, the other decreases
Scatterplot ===a graphed cluster of dots, each of which represents the values of two variables
Correlation Coefficient ===a statistical index of the relationship between two things (from -1 to
+1)
Advantages of Correlation ===Predictable, easiest, large sample size, shows validity, more
ethical than experiments
Disadvantages of Correlation ===Can't tell cause and effect, can't control outside of study
Illusionary Correlations ===Perceiving a relationship that does not exist
Survey ===The tool used to collect data for a correlational study
Likert Scale ===Rating scale from 1-5, 1-10, etc. It's a range
Experimentation ===Only strategy that can say "this causes this" by using a hypothesis
Hypothesis ===Future prediction. Use "will"
Scientific Method ===AFTAD
A: ask a question
F: form a hypothesis
T: test hypothesis
Population --> Random Sample --> Random Assignment
A: analyze the data
D: draw a conclusion
Experimental Group ===Receives treatment/ independent variable
Control Group ===Receives placebo/ dependent variable
Placebo Effect ===Changing ones behavior or feeling different because you believe you should
Independent Variable ===The thing given, taken away, or changed in the experimental group
Dependent Variable ===The behavior being measured
Operatonal Definition ===Stating exactly how the variables are measured
Single-Blind Study ===When the participants do not know whether they are receiving the
treatment or not.
