Gia Colored Stone FINAL EXAM PREP 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS || ALREADY GRADED A+ <RECENT VERSION>

Gia Colored Stone FINAL EXAM PREP 2025/2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS || ALREADY GRADED A+ &lt;RECENT VERSION&gt; 1. Skull melt - ANSWER A synthetic-crystal growth method that uses cooling pipes around an interior of melted chemical ingredients. 2. Slocum stone - ANSWER An opal imitation made of glass that appeared in the late 1970s. 3. Smoke treatment - ANSWER Heating a wrapped opal until smoke or ash penetrates its surface to darken it and bring out its play-of-color. 4. Solution process - ANSWER A growth method in which the synthetic crystals grows from a dissolved chemical mixture, sometimes at high temperature and pressure. 5. Sorting pad - ANSWER A neutrally colored paper pad on which dealers sort and show gems. 6. Source - ANSWER A gem-producing area, or a particular mine in that area. 7. Specific gravity (SG) - ANSWER Ratio of the weight of a material to the weight of an volume of water. 8. Spiderweb turquoise - ANSWER Turquoise that contains matrix in thin, web-like patterns. 9. Spontaneous nucleation - ANSWER A synthetic-crystal growth method that starts without a seed crystal. 10.Stability - ANSWER How well a gemstone resists light, heat, and chemicals. 11.Stabilized turquoise - ANSWER A trade term for polymer-impregnated turquoise. 12.Step cut - ANSWER Cutting style with mainly square and rectangular facets arranged in concentric rows. 13.Strand - ANSWER A simple necklace typically composed of pearls; also, pearls very close to the same size strung without a clasp for wholesale marketing. 14.Style - ANSWER The arrangement of a stone's facets. 15.Subduction - ANSWER A process that occurs when two of the earth's plate collide, forcing one under the other. 16.Sugar treatment - ANSWER Soaking an opal in a hot sugar solution and then in sulfuric acid to darken it and bring out its play of color. 17.Sun spangles - ANSWER Circular marks sometimes left in amber when treaters heat and oil it. 18.Surface characteristics - ANSWER Blemishes or irregularities confined to a pearls surface. 19.Surface modification - ANSWER Altering a gem's appearance by applying backings, coating, or coloring agents like paint. 20.Symmetry - ANSWER The precision and balance of the corresponding parts of a finished gem. 21.Synthetic gem - ANSWER A laboratory creation with essentially the same chemical composition, crystal structure, and properties as its natural counterpart. 22.Table facet - ANSWER Facet at the top of the crown, usually the largest facet on the stone. 23.Thermal shock - ANSWER Damage caused by sudden, extreme temperature changes. 24.Three-phase inclusion - ANSWER A hollow cavity in a gem, filled with a liquid, a gas, and one or more crystals. 25.Three-quarter-cut - ANSWER Cultured pearl with any unsightly portion cut or ground off. 26.Tone - ANSWER Degree of darkness or lightness of a color. 27.Tourmalinated quartz - ANSWER A type of sagenitic quartz containing needle-like or rod-like tourmaline inclusions. 28.Trace elements - ANSWER Atoms in a gem that aren't part of its essential chemical composition. 29.Trade terms - ANSWER Terms often used in the jewelry industry to describe particular gemstone colors or links gems with specific geographic locations. 30.Transition elements - ANSWER Elements the can selectively absorb some wavelengths of visible light and produce color in gems. 31.Treatment - ANSWER Any human-controlled process, beyond cutting and polishing, that improves the appearance, durability, or value of a gem. 32.Triplet - ANSWER Single assembled stone made from three separate pieces of material fused or cemented together, or from two pieces and a colored cement layer. 33.Twinning - ANSWER Change in a gem's crystal direction during or after growth. 34.Twinning plane - ANSWER Location of a change in crystal growth direction. 35.Two-phase inclusion - ANSWER A hollow cavity in a gem, usually filled with a liquid and a gas. 36.Type A jadeite - ANSWER Natural jadeite enhanced only with a surface coating of wax. 37.Type B jadeite - ANSWER Natural jadeite that's bleached in acid to remove undesirable staining, then impregnated with was polymers. 38.Type C jadeite - ANSWER Natural jadeite that's dyed and often bleached and impregnated with wax or polymers. 39.Uniform strand - ANSWER A necklace featuring pearls that are very nearly the same size. 40.Unintended color zoning - ANSWER Visible face-up color zoning that the cutter was unable to conceal. 41.In ancient Sanskrit, ruby is called ratnaraj or - ANSWER "king of precious stones". 42.The most valuable tone and saturation for ruby are - ANSWER medium to medium-dark tone and vivid saturation. 43.Corundum can form only in an environment that's low in - ANSWER silicon. 44.Rubies that come from marble deposits are typically low in - ANSWER iron. 45.Ruby deposits in Thailand and Cambodia are associated with - ANSWER alkali-basalt. 46.Heat-treating Mong Hsu rubies - ANSWER eliminates dark centers or cores. 47.The world's largest corundum marketing center is - ANSWER Thailand. 48.Switzerland exports rubies that are primarily - ANSWER high end. 49.What location has supplied the world with most commercial-quality rubies since 1991 ? - ANSWER Mong Hsu 50.In the early 1980s, the major source for rubies was - ANSWER Thailand. 51.Compared to rubies from Myanmar, most Thai rubies tend to be - ANSWER darker. 52.Rubies from Pailin, Cambodia, are similar to those from - ANSWER Thailand. 53.Vietnamese rubies originate in - ANSWER marble. 54.Where are the Penny Lane and John Saul mines located ? - ANSWER Kenya 55.Newly discovered ruby deposits at Vatomandry and Andilamena are in what country ? - ANSWER Madagascar 56.The most highly valued hues of blue sapphire are - ANSWER blue to violetish blue. 57.What trace elements cause blue sapphire's color ? - ANSWER Titanium and iron 58.Blue sapphires that originate in basaltic rock generally have - ANSWER high iron content. 59.Milky, grayish, or brownish corundum that can be treated to a fine blue color is called - ANSWER geuda. 60.Finer-quality Kashmir blue sapphires typically show - ANSWER Velvety appearance. 61.Australian blue sapphire color is often described as - ANSWER Inky. 62.Blue sapphire's most common crystal habit is - ANSWER a spindleshaped hexagonal pyramid or bipyramid. 63.Blue sapphire's pleochroic colors are typically - ANSWER slightly greenish blue and slightly violetish blue. 64.Most fine sapphires over 100cts. come from - ANSWER Sri Lanka. 65.Which of the following sources emerged in the late 1990s as a significant source of good-to fine-quality sapphire ? - ANSWER Madagascar 66.Of these characteristics, which one is most commonly seen in sapphire ? - ANSWER Color zoning 67.The sapphire market level supplied by Switzerland is - ANSWER upper. 68.Kashmir's most important sapphire production period was from - ANSWER 1881 to 1887. 69.When did Madagascar become a significant source of blue sapphire? - ANSWER 1970s 70.Which location supplies sapphires that are most likely not heat-treated ? - ANSWER Yogi Gulch 71.The name padparadscha means - ANSWER lotus flower. 72.What's a common trade name for intensely saturated, light to medium pinkish orange to orange to orange-pink sapphires ? - ANSWER Padparadscha 73.Color-change sapphires typically changes from blue to violet to - ANSWER reddish purple. 74.Sapphire's color changes caused by - ANSWER vanadium. 75.The most common number of rays in a star corundum is - ANSWER 6. 76.Asterism in star sapphire is caused by - ANSWER hematite. 77.The best-quality star corundum is - ANSWER semi-transparent. 78.Which is the most prized bodycolor in star corundum ? - ANSWER Red 79.What causes the pink color of corundum ? - ANSWER Chromium 80.Which fancy sapphire hue regularly commands top prices ? - ANSWER Pink 81.Green sapphire is - ANSWER readily available. 82.Which color of star sapphire is usually cur shallow due to parting ? - ANSWER Black 83.A major source of black star sapphire is - ANSWER Australia. 84.Fancy sapphires from Montana tend to be - ANSWER light in tone. 85.The first flame-fusion star rubies were produced in the - ANSWER 1940s. 86.The most desirable emerald hues are - ANSWER bluish green to green. 87.Which element increases the amount of blue in an emerald's color ? - ANSWER Iron 88.The trade term "Zambian" describes emeralds with - ANSWER more bluish color and more darker tone than "Colombian." 89.Brazilian emeralds are mined from - ANSWER pegmatites, where they intersect with schists. 90.To emphasize the most desirable color, cutters orient a fashioned emerald with its table - ANSWER parallel to the crystal length. 91.What's the estimated percentage of fashioned emeralds that contain filled fractures ? - ANSWER 90 or more 92.Which two countries account for about 75 percent of emerald purchases worldwide ? - ANSWER US and Japan 93.The four major emerald sources are Columbia, Zambia, Brazil and - ANSWER Zimbabwe. 94.One of Colombia's traditional emerald mines is called - ANSWER Coscuez. 95.Compared to emeralds from other sources, emeralds from African mines - ANSWER generally contain fewer fractures. 96.Trapiche emeralds were first discovered in - ANSWER Muzo. 97.Emeralds were discovered in Zambia in the - ANSWER 1930s. 98.Zambian emerald crystals are typically - ANSWER irregular in shape. 99.The Sandawana emerald mine was discovered in the - ANSWER 1950s. 100. Who produced a hydrothermal synthetic emerald layer over faceted beryl seeds in the 1960s ? - ANSWER Lechleitner 101. Pearl is - ANSWER an organic gem. 102. Aragonite is a crystallized for of - ANSWER calcium carbonate. 103. By what date had Kokichi Mikimoto begun cultering whole pearls ? - ANSWER 1908 104. Which industry directly contributed to the decline of the natural pearl industry ? - ANSWER Oil 105. The first South Sea cultured pearl farm was founded in which country ? - ANSWER Australia 106. Saltwater whole cultured pearls grow from a - ANSWER mantletissue piece and a bead nucleus. 107. In the early 1990s, oysters in many important Japanese cultured pearl farming areas began to - ANSWER die off in massive numbers. 108. The four major types of cultured whole pearls are ahoy, Souht Sea, Freshwater and - ANSWER Tahitian. 109. South Sea cultured pearls are produced principally in Australia, Indonesia, and - ANSWER the Philippines. 110. The oyster used to grow Tahitian cultured pearls is - ANSWER Pinctada fucata. 111. The nacreous layer inside a pear-bearing mollusk's shell is called - ANSWER mother-of-pearl. 112. Which country produces the most freshwater cultured pearls ? - ANSWER China 113. A numbers of similar cultured pearl strands bundled together is called a - ANSWER hank. 114. Seed pearls are - ANSWER very small natural pearls. 115. In pearl culturing, the most difficult shape to produce is - ANSWER round. 116. The largest gem-quality natural pearl known is the - ANSWER Dudley. 117. In the trade, Tahitian cultured pearls with a dark green-gray to bluegray bodycolor and rose to purple overtones are called - ANSWER peacock. 118. Which overtone color increases the value of akoya cultured pearls with white bodycolor ? - ANSWER Rose 119. When mollusks live in cooler water, they form - ANSWER pearls with higher luster. 120. Pearls that show noticeable surface characteristics are - ANSWER moderately spotted. 121. The best way to clean pearls is with - ANSWER warm, mild soapy water. 122. The nacre quality classification described as " Nucleus not noticeable, no chalky appearance" is - ANSWER Acceptable. 123. The matching level that describes a group of pearls that have minor variations uniformity is - ANSWER Good. 124. Farmers have of every cultured pearl type do at least which of these after harvest ? - ANSWER Wash, dry, and sort. 125. Almost all akoya and Chinese freshwater pearls are - ANSWER bleached. 126. Usually, the diameter of the cultured pearls in a hank vary from each other by no more than - ANSWER 0.5 mm 127. Essence d'orient is a mixture of - ANSWER Fish scales and varnish. 128. What happens when saltwater