2024/2025 – FULL-LENGTH
QUESTIONS & ANSWER
EXPLANATIONS
By combining the information given by the text with what
you already know.
How does a reader
identify the logical *one way to approach the task of drawing
conclusion of a text? conclusions is to make brief notes of all the points
made by the author. When the notes are arranged on
paper, they may clarify the logical conclusion.
The topic is the subject of a text (I.e., what the text is
all about). The main idea is the most important
point of the author makes
What is the difference
between the topic and the
*The topic usually expresses in a few words at the
main idea?
most while the main idea often needs a full sentence
to be completely defined. For example, a text may
have the topic of penguins and the main idea,
"penguins are different from other birds in many
ways."
Supporting details provide evidence and backing
for the main point. All texts contain details, but
What are supporting they are only classified as supporting details when
details, and what is their they serve to reinforce some larger point.
purpose?
*in order to show that a main idea is correct, or valid,
authors add the supporting details that prove their
point
, - Define the main idea
- Lay out the most important supporting details or
arguments from the passage. All of the significant
What should an effective supporting details should be included, and none
summary include? of the details included should be irrelevant or
insignificant
*Too often, the desire for brevity in a summary
leads to the sacrifice of clarity or accuracy. An
effective summary should contain much the same
message as the original text.
One puts what they have read into their own words
What is paraphrasing? by rephrasing what the author has written, or one
translates all of what the author shared into their own
words by
including as many details as they can.
a piece of information that is implied but not written
outright by the author
What is an inference?
*For instance, consider the following sentence: After
the final out of the inning, the fans were filled with joy
and rushed the field. From this sentence, a reader can
infer that the fans were watching a baseball game
and their team won the game.
The contextual clues will help you find the answer
that is the best answer out of the given choices. An
How should readers go answer can be true but not correct.
about choosing the
correct answer to *When asked for the implied meaning of a statement
inference-based made in the passage, you should immediately locate
questions? the statement and read the context in which the
statement was made. Also, look for the answer choice
that has a similar phrase to the statement in question.
, When possible, one should always aim to draw
conclusions from information stated within a
When drawing
passage, rather than to draw them from mere
conclusions, what is an
implications.
important consideration
test takers should bear in
*Furthermore, you should always read through the
mind?
entire passage before drawing conclusions. Many
readers are trained to expect the author’s conclusions
at either the beginning or the end of the passage, but
many texts do not adhere to this format.
Things that the author does not state directly, but
readers can assume based on what the author
does say.
What are implications?
*Consider the following passage: I stepped outside
and opened my umbrella. By the time I got to work, the
cuffs of my pants were soaked. The author never states
that it is raining, but this fact is clearly implied.
Conclusions based on implication must be well
supported by the text.
First, it is a good idea to scan the directions to
determine whether special equipment or preparations
How should readers
are needed. After briefly reading the directions, the
approach texts that
reader should return to the first step. When
require following a set of
following directions, it is appropriate to complete
directions?
each step before moving on to the next. If this is not
possible, it is useful at least to visualize each step
before reading the next.
When text is made bold, it is often because the
author wants to emphasize the point that is being
For what purpose are bold made. Bold text indicates importance.
and italics used in writing?
*Italics may be used like bold for emphasis, but there
are some specialized usages for italics as well. A word