1. A nurse is caring for a client with a pressure injury. Which nutrient
promotes wound healing?
A. Sodium
B. Vitamin E
C. Protein
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Protein
Rationale: Protein supports tissue repair and wound healing. Vitamin C
and zinc are also important but protein is essential.
2. A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching to a client who follows a
kosher diet. Which of the following food combinations is appropriate?
A. Cheeseburger with fries
B. Chicken with cream sauce
C. Fish with steamed vegetables
D. Ham and eggs
Answer: C. Fish with steamed vegetables
Rationale: Kosher diets prohibit mixing meat and dairy and exclude
pork. Fish with vegetables is typically acceptable.
3. Which mineral is important in preventing osteoporosis?
A. Sodium
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Calcium
Rationale: Calcium, along with vitamin D, is crucial for bone health and
osteoporosis prevention.
4. Which food should be avoided by a client on a tyramine-restricted
diet for MAOIs?
,A. Cheddar cheese
B. Banana
C. Apple
D. White bread
Answer: A. Cheddar cheese
Rationale: Aged cheeses are high in tyramine and can trigger
hypertensive crisis when taken with MAOIs.
5. A nurse is assessing a client with signs of hypocalcemia. Which of
the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Positive Chvostek’s sign
B. Bradycardia
C. Hypoactive reflexes
D. Constipation
Answer: A. Positive Chvostek’s sign
Rationale: A positive Chvostek’s sign (facial twitching when the cheek
is tapped) indicates neuromuscular excitability from low calcium.
6. A nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with chronic
kidney disease. Which should be limited?
A. Potassium
B. Iron
C. Fiber
D. Vitamin D
Answer: A. Potassium
Rationale: Potassium can accumulate in CKD and cause dangerous
arrhythmias; intake must often be restricted.
7. A nurse is teaching a client with dumping syndrome to avoid which
of the following?
A. Lean meats
B. Complex carbohydrates
C. Sugary foods
, D. Fiber-rich foods
Answer: C. Sugary foods
Rationale: Simple sugars worsen dumping syndrome by pulling fluid
into the intestines too quickly.
8. A nurse is teaching a client with celiac disease. Which of the
following grains should be avoided?
A. Corn
B. Rice
C. Barley
D. Quinoa
Answer: C. Barley
Rationale: Barley contains gluten and should be avoided in celiac
disease. Corn, rice, and quinoa are gluten-free.
9. What is a recommended source of omega-3 fatty acids?
A. Butter
B. Cod liver oil
C. Whole milk
D. Corn oil
Answer: B. Cod liver oil
Rationale: Omega-3s are found in fatty fish and fish oils like cod liver
oil, beneficial for heart health.
10. A nurse is teaching a client about complete proteins. Which of the
following foods should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Lentils
B. Brown rice
C. Soybeans
D. Peanut butter
Answer: C. Soybeans
Rationale: Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids.
promotes wound healing?
A. Sodium
B. Vitamin E
C. Protein
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Protein
Rationale: Protein supports tissue repair and wound healing. Vitamin C
and zinc are also important but protein is essential.
2. A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching to a client who follows a
kosher diet. Which of the following food combinations is appropriate?
A. Cheeseburger with fries
B. Chicken with cream sauce
C. Fish with steamed vegetables
D. Ham and eggs
Answer: C. Fish with steamed vegetables
Rationale: Kosher diets prohibit mixing meat and dairy and exclude
pork. Fish with vegetables is typically acceptable.
3. Which mineral is important in preventing osteoporosis?
A. Sodium
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Calcium
Rationale: Calcium, along with vitamin D, is crucial for bone health and
osteoporosis prevention.
4. Which food should be avoided by a client on a tyramine-restricted
diet for MAOIs?
,A. Cheddar cheese
B. Banana
C. Apple
D. White bread
Answer: A. Cheddar cheese
Rationale: Aged cheeses are high in tyramine and can trigger
hypertensive crisis when taken with MAOIs.
5. A nurse is assessing a client with signs of hypocalcemia. Which of
the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Positive Chvostek’s sign
B. Bradycardia
C. Hypoactive reflexes
D. Constipation
Answer: A. Positive Chvostek’s sign
Rationale: A positive Chvostek’s sign (facial twitching when the cheek
is tapped) indicates neuromuscular excitability from low calcium.
6. A nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with chronic
kidney disease. Which should be limited?
A. Potassium
B. Iron
C. Fiber
D. Vitamin D
Answer: A. Potassium
Rationale: Potassium can accumulate in CKD and cause dangerous
arrhythmias; intake must often be restricted.
7. A nurse is teaching a client with dumping syndrome to avoid which
of the following?
A. Lean meats
B. Complex carbohydrates
C. Sugary foods
, D. Fiber-rich foods
Answer: C. Sugary foods
Rationale: Simple sugars worsen dumping syndrome by pulling fluid
into the intestines too quickly.
8. A nurse is teaching a client with celiac disease. Which of the
following grains should be avoided?
A. Corn
B. Rice
C. Barley
D. Quinoa
Answer: C. Barley
Rationale: Barley contains gluten and should be avoided in celiac
disease. Corn, rice, and quinoa are gluten-free.
9. What is a recommended source of omega-3 fatty acids?
A. Butter
B. Cod liver oil
C. Whole milk
D. Corn oil
Answer: B. Cod liver oil
Rationale: Omega-3s are found in fatty fish and fish oils like cod liver
oil, beneficial for heart health.
10. A nurse is teaching a client about complete proteins. Which of the
following foods should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Lentils
B. Brown rice
C. Soybeans
D. Peanut butter
Answer: C. Soybeans
Rationale: Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids.
