1. Which mineral is important in preventing osteoporosis?
A. Sodium
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Calcium
Rationale: Calcium, along with vitamin D, is crucial for bone health and
osteoporosis prevention.
2. Which is the best snack option for a toddler?
A. Raw carrots
B. Popcorn
C. Cheese cubes
D. Whole grapes
Answer: C. Cheese cubes
Rationale: Cheese is safe and nutritious. Carrots, popcorn, and whole
grapes are choking hazards for toddlers.
3. What food should a nurse recommend for a client who needs
increased zinc intake?
A. Carrots
B. Legumes
C. Apples
D. Potatoes
Answer: B. Legumes
Rationale: Legumes, meats, nuts, and whole grains are good sources of
zinc, important for immune function and wound healing.
4. What is a sign of vitamin A toxicity?
A. Night blindness
B. Dry skin
,C. Nausea and liver damage
D. Rickets
Answer: C. Nausea and liver damage
Rationale: Excess vitamin A is toxic and can cause nausea, headaches,
and liver dysfunction.
5. A client with lactose intolerance should avoid which food?
A. Cottage cheese
B. Almond milk
C. Soy yogurt
D. Hard-boiled egg
Answer: A. Cottage cheese
Rationale: Cottage cheese contains lactose. Almond milk, soy yogurt,
and eggs are lactose-free.
6. A nurse is caring for a client with cancer-related cachexia. Which is
the priority nutritional goal?
A. Weight loss
B. Increased fluid intake
C. Increased caloric intake
D. High-fiber diet
Answer: C. Increased caloric intake
Rationale: Cachexia involves significant muscle wasting; the primary
goal is to increase calorie and protein intake.
7. A nurse is educating a client about potassium-rich foods. Which
statement indicates understanding?
A. “I will eat more canned soups.”
B. “I’ll snack on dried apricots.”
C. “I should eat white bread.”
D. “I’ll drink cranberry juice.”
Answer: B. “I’ll snack on dried apricots.”
, Rationale: Dried apricots, bananas, and potatoes are excellent sources
of potassium.
8. A nurse is teaching a client about the DASH diet. Which of the
following is emphasized?
A. Low sodium and high potassium
B. High fat and low carb
C. Increased protein
D. Gluten avoidance
Answer: A. Low sodium and high potassium
Rationale: The DASH diet lowers blood pressure by reducing sodium
and increasing potassium, calcium, and magnesium.
9. Which intervention helps reduce the risk of aspiration during enteral
feedings?
A. Infuse feedings rapidly
B. Lower the head of bed
C. Keep client supine during feeding
D. Elevate the head of bed at least 30 degrees
Answer: D. Elevate the head of bed at least 30 degrees
Rationale: Keeping the head elevated during and after feeding reduces
aspiration risk.
10. A client is receiving TPN. Which lab value should the nurse
monitor to assess glucose control?
A. BUN
B. Hemoglobin
C. Blood glucose
D. Sodium
Answer: C. Blood glucose
Rationale: TPN contains high glucose concentrations. Regular
monitoring of blood glucose is essential to avoid hyperglycemia.
A. Sodium
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. Potassium
Answer: C. Calcium
Rationale: Calcium, along with vitamin D, is crucial for bone health and
osteoporosis prevention.
2. Which is the best snack option for a toddler?
A. Raw carrots
B. Popcorn
C. Cheese cubes
D. Whole grapes
Answer: C. Cheese cubes
Rationale: Cheese is safe and nutritious. Carrots, popcorn, and whole
grapes are choking hazards for toddlers.
3. What food should a nurse recommend for a client who needs
increased zinc intake?
A. Carrots
B. Legumes
C. Apples
D. Potatoes
Answer: B. Legumes
Rationale: Legumes, meats, nuts, and whole grains are good sources of
zinc, important for immune function and wound healing.
4. What is a sign of vitamin A toxicity?
A. Night blindness
B. Dry skin
,C. Nausea and liver damage
D. Rickets
Answer: C. Nausea and liver damage
Rationale: Excess vitamin A is toxic and can cause nausea, headaches,
and liver dysfunction.
5. A client with lactose intolerance should avoid which food?
A. Cottage cheese
B. Almond milk
C. Soy yogurt
D. Hard-boiled egg
Answer: A. Cottage cheese
Rationale: Cottage cheese contains lactose. Almond milk, soy yogurt,
and eggs are lactose-free.
6. A nurse is caring for a client with cancer-related cachexia. Which is
the priority nutritional goal?
A. Weight loss
B. Increased fluid intake
C. Increased caloric intake
D. High-fiber diet
Answer: C. Increased caloric intake
Rationale: Cachexia involves significant muscle wasting; the primary
goal is to increase calorie and protein intake.
7. A nurse is educating a client about potassium-rich foods. Which
statement indicates understanding?
A. “I will eat more canned soups.”
B. “I’ll snack on dried apricots.”
C. “I should eat white bread.”
D. “I’ll drink cranberry juice.”
Answer: B. “I’ll snack on dried apricots.”
, Rationale: Dried apricots, bananas, and potatoes are excellent sources
of potassium.
8. A nurse is teaching a client about the DASH diet. Which of the
following is emphasized?
A. Low sodium and high potassium
B. High fat and low carb
C. Increased protein
D. Gluten avoidance
Answer: A. Low sodium and high potassium
Rationale: The DASH diet lowers blood pressure by reducing sodium
and increasing potassium, calcium, and magnesium.
9. Which intervention helps reduce the risk of aspiration during enteral
feedings?
A. Infuse feedings rapidly
B. Lower the head of bed
C. Keep client supine during feeding
D. Elevate the head of bed at least 30 degrees
Answer: D. Elevate the head of bed at least 30 degrees
Rationale: Keeping the head elevated during and after feeding reduces
aspiration risk.
10. A client is receiving TPN. Which lab value should the nurse
monitor to assess glucose control?
A. BUN
B. Hemoglobin
C. Blood glucose
D. Sodium
Answer: C. Blood glucose
Rationale: TPN contains high glucose concentrations. Regular
monitoring of blood glucose is essential to avoid hyperglycemia.
