M ASCP exam UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers

M ASCP exam UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What are the 5 antimicrobials in CAMPY agar? - CORRECT ANSWER - vancomycin
trimethoprim
polymyxin b
amphotericin
cephalothin


What 3 pathogens can be called diplococci? - CORRECT ANSWER - S. pneumoniae
Neisseria
Moraxella


Somatic cells to look for in gram stain - CORRECT ANSWER - epithelial cells
RBC
WBC (polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells)


Composition of blood agar - CORRECT ANSWER - Tryptic soy agar base
5% defibrinated RBC


Difference between blood and chocolate - CORRECT ANSWER - RBCs are added at 80C
so they lyse and release hemoglobin and NAD


What are the components of macconkey? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Lactose (sole carb)
2. Bile salts (selective-- inhib most GPC)
3. Crystal violet (inhibits GPC by entering peptidoglycan)
4. Peptones (utilized when lactose is not)
5. neutral red pH indicator (decrease in pH = more lactic acid = pink)

,What are the components of Mannitol salt agar? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Mannitol
2. 7.5% NaCl
3. Peptones
4. Phenol red (ph drop = yellow color change, ph increase = pink)


Is mannitol + definitive for s. aureus? - CORRECT ANSWER - No, some Enterococcus
can use this


What are the components of modified thayer martin? - CORRECT ANSWER - Chocolate
agar
+4 antimicrobials to inhibit G+, G-, yeast and proteus


What are the components of PEA agar? - CORRECT ANSWER - Blood agar + phenyl
ethyl alcohol


inhibits gnr (NG to small growth at 24 hrs)


What are the components of colistin nalidixic agar? - CORRECT ANSWER - Blood +
colistin + nalidixic acid


completely prevents growth of GNR


What causes beta hemolysis? - CORRECT ANSWER - The presence of hemolysins that
rupture RBC


What causes alpha hemolysis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Alpha hemolysin breaks down
hemoglobin to met hemoglobin (greenish discoloration)

,What are the % of CO2 and O2 in air incubator? - CORRECT ANSWER - 21% O2
0.03% CO2


What are the % of CO2 and O2 in CO2 incubator? - CORRECT ANSWER - 18% O2
5-8% CO2
decreased nitrogen


What is the standard incubator temperature? - CORRECT ANSWER - 37C - mimics body
temp


Most clinical pathogens have what type of oxygen requirement? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Facultative anaerobe


What are the oxygen requirements for microaerophiles? - CORRECT ANSWER - 2-10%
O2
5-10% CO2


What are the oxygen requirements for capnophiles? - CORRECT ANSWER - 5-10% CO2



What are the components of Hektoen Enteric agar? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Bile salts
in concentration that inhibit G+ and many G-
2. Ferric ammonium citrate and sodium thiosulfate (h2s detection)
3. Acid fuchsin and bromthymol blue (pH)
4. Lactose, sucrose, salicin


Interpret HE agar - CORRECT ANSWER - Non-pathogens are able to ferment sugars and
produce yellow/salmon colored colonies

, Non-fermenters (sucrose and lactose negative) may be a pathogen. Salmonella is black, shigella
is green to clear, citrobacter and proteus may also be black


What are the two purposes of thio? - CORRECT ANSWER - Black up to plating media
To recover anaerobes


What are the two genera in family Micrococcaceae? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Staphylococcus
Micrococcus


What non-S. aureus isolate may be weak mannitol + at 24/48 hrs? - CORRECT
ANSWER - S. saprophyticus



Novobiocin is used to differentiate? - CORRECT ANSWER - S. epidermidis = S
S. saprophyticus = R


What are precautions to using catalase? - CORRECT ANSWER - wimpy bubbles =
negative = e faecalis


RBC can give false positive
you cannot cool loop in agar and MUST have isolated colonies


What is a definitive test for S. aureus? - CORRECT ANSWER - Coagulase



Describe the basis of the coagulase test? - CORRECT ANSWER - Fibrinogen---
coagulase---fibrin (visible clot)


Rapid slide vs tube coagulase - CORRECT ANSWER - Rapid slide detects cell bound
coagulase, only produced by some strains of S. aureus so you cannot use this to rule out