PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1
RASMUSSEN EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
GRADED A+
passive immunity ( correct answers ) Transfer of performed antibodies
against a specific antigen from protected or immunized individual to an
unprotected or non-immunized individual
Examples of passive immunity ( correct answers ) IgA in breast milk,
maternal IgG crossing placenta, antitoxin, serotherapy (direct injection of
antibodies)
Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation) ( correct answers ) 3.5-
5.0 mEq/L
Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular fluid) ( correct
answers ) 135-145 mEq/L
Calcium value normal range ( correct answers ) 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5
mEq/L
Phosphate value normal range ( correct answers ) 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium value normal range ( correct answers ) 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
GRADED A+
,Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in blood)
( correct answers ) 23-30 mEq/L
Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L ( correct answers ) hypokalemia
Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L ( correct answers ) Hyperkalemia
Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L ( correct answers ) hyponatremia /
hypernatremia
Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L ( correct answers ) hypernatremia
condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL ( correct answers )
hypophophatemia
Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL ( correct answers )
Hyperphosphatemia
Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L ( correct answers ) hypochloremia
Condition of high chloride > 106 mEq/L ( correct answers ) Hyperchloremia
Condition of low magnesium <1.5 mEq/L ( correct answers )
hypomagnesemia
Condition of high magnesium >2.5 mEq/L ( correct answers )
Hypermagesemia
condition of low calcium< 9mg/dL ( correct answers ) hypocalcemia
GRADED A+
, condition of high calcium > 11mg/dL ( correct answers ) hypercalcemia
Pathophysiology ( correct answers ) the study of abnormalities in
physiologic functioning of living beings
Pathology ( correct answers ) the study and diagnosis of disease through
examination of organs, tissues, cells, and bodily fluids
Etiology ( correct answers ) The study of the causes and origins of disease
4 topics of pathophysiology ( correct answers ) etiology, pathogenesis,
clinical manifestations, treatment
pathogenesis ( correct answers ) development or evolution of a disease
clinical manifestation ( correct answers ) signs and symptoms or evidence
of disease
exacerbation ( correct answers ) a relatively sudden increase in the
severity of a disease or any of its signs and symptom
remission ( correct answers ) decline in severity of symptoms
sequela ( correct answers ) a disorder or condition usually resulting from a
previous disease or injury
acute ( correct answers ) sudden onset and short duration
chronic ( correct answers ) long term
GRADED A+
RASMUSSEN EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
GRADED A+
passive immunity ( correct answers ) Transfer of performed antibodies
against a specific antigen from protected or immunized individual to an
unprotected or non-immunized individual
Examples of passive immunity ( correct answers ) IgA in breast milk,
maternal IgG crossing placenta, antitoxin, serotherapy (direct injection of
antibodies)
Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation) ( correct answers ) 3.5-
5.0 mEq/L
Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular fluid) ( correct
answers ) 135-145 mEq/L
Calcium value normal range ( correct answers ) 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5
mEq/L
Phosphate value normal range ( correct answers ) 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium value normal range ( correct answers ) 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
GRADED A+
,Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in blood)
( correct answers ) 23-30 mEq/L
Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L ( correct answers ) hypokalemia
Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L ( correct answers ) Hyperkalemia
Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L ( correct answers ) hyponatremia /
hypernatremia
Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L ( correct answers ) hypernatremia
condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL ( correct answers )
hypophophatemia
Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL ( correct answers )
Hyperphosphatemia
Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L ( correct answers ) hypochloremia
Condition of high chloride > 106 mEq/L ( correct answers ) Hyperchloremia
Condition of low magnesium <1.5 mEq/L ( correct answers )
hypomagnesemia
Condition of high magnesium >2.5 mEq/L ( correct answers )
Hypermagesemia
condition of low calcium< 9mg/dL ( correct answers ) hypocalcemia
GRADED A+
, condition of high calcium > 11mg/dL ( correct answers ) hypercalcemia
Pathophysiology ( correct answers ) the study of abnormalities in
physiologic functioning of living beings
Pathology ( correct answers ) the study and diagnosis of disease through
examination of organs, tissues, cells, and bodily fluids
Etiology ( correct answers ) The study of the causes and origins of disease
4 topics of pathophysiology ( correct answers ) etiology, pathogenesis,
clinical manifestations, treatment
pathogenesis ( correct answers ) development or evolution of a disease
clinical manifestation ( correct answers ) signs and symptoms or evidence
of disease
exacerbation ( correct answers ) a relatively sudden increase in the
severity of a disease or any of its signs and symptom
remission ( correct answers ) decline in severity of symptoms
sequela ( correct answers ) a disorder or condition usually resulting from a
previous disease or injury
acute ( correct answers ) sudden onset and short duration
chronic ( correct answers ) long term
GRADED A+
